(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in infected polycystic kidney disease

18F-FDG PET/CT in cyst infection in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

Infection of a cyst within an autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a serious complication. Diagnosis with conventional imaging techniques such as ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging can be sometimes challenging. The definite diagnosis is analysis of the cyst fluid, but cyst punctures can cause bleeding, rupture, and contamination of adjacent cysts. Recently, FDG PET/CT has been reported as a sensitive tool for detection of cyst infection. We describe a case of 63-year-old woman with infected cysts in the left kidney, in whom accurate diagnosis was made on FDG PET/CT. FDG PET/CT is an important investigation in patients with fever of uncertain etiology, where renal cyst infection is a possible cause, but other etiologies also need to be ruled out.

18F-FDG PET/CT in Renal Infections: Evidence of Acute Pyelonephritis in a Horseshoe Kidney

A 58-year-old paraplegic patient was prescribed F-FDG for persistent inflammatory syndrome after aortic surgery for dissection. The examination was performed on a Siemens mCT Flow PET/CT and shows a moderate prostate uptake, related to prostatitis on self-catheterization and a focal renal cortical hypermetabolism of the left medial midpole of a horseshoe kidney, which corresponds to renal parenchyma on the CT, and suggests pyelonephritis, confirmed by Tc-DMSA SPECT/CT.