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Guiotto M, Clayton A, Morgan R, Raffoul W, Hart A, Riehle M, di Summa P. Biogelx-IKVAV Is An Innovative Human Platelet Lysate-Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Delivery Strategy to Improve Peripheral Nerve Repair. Tissue Eng Part A 2024. [PMID: 38482791 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2023.0307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) are nowadays one of the most exploited cells in regenerative medicine. They are fast growing, capable of enhancing axonal elongation, support and locally stimulate Schwann cells (SCs), and protect de-innervated muscles from atrophy after a peripheral nerve injury. With the aim of developing a bio-safe, clinically translatable cell-therapy, we assessed the effect of ADSC pre-expanded with human platelet lysate in an in vivo rat model, delivering the cells into a 15 mm critical-size sciatic nerve defect embedded within a laminin-peptide-functionalized hydrogel (Biogelx-IKVAV) wrapped by a poly-ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) nerve conduit. ADSC retained their stemness, their immunophenotype and proliferative activity when tested in vitro. At 6 weeks post-implantation, robust regeneration was observed across the critical-size gap as evaluated by both the axonal elongation (anti-NF 200) and SC proliferation (anti-S100) within the human ADSC-IKVAV filled PCL conduit. All the other experimental groups manifested significantly lower levels of growth cone elongation. The histological gastrocnemius muscle analysis was comparable with no quantitative significant differences among the experimental groups. Taken together, these results suggest that ADSC encapsulated in Biogelx-IKVAV are a potential path to improve the efficacy of nerve regeneration. New perspectives can be pursued for the development of a fully synthetic bioengineered nerve graft for the treatment of peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martino Guiotto
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Wassim Raffoul
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrew Hart
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Canniesburn Plastic Surgery Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mathis Riehle
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Pietro di Summa
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Thomas P, Pang Y, Camilletti MA, Castelnovo LF. Functions of Membrane Progesterone Receptors (mPRs, PAQRs) in Nonreproductive Tissues. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6679267. [PMID: 36041040 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Gender differences in a wide variety of physiological parameters have implicated the ovarian hormones, estrogens and progesterone, in the regulation of numerous nonreproductive tissue functions. Rapid, nongenomic (nonclassical) progesterone actions mediated by membrane progesterone receptors (mPRs), which belong to the progestin and adipoQ receptor family, have been extensively investigated in reproductive and nonreproductive tissues since their discovery in fish ovaries 20 years ago. The 5 mPR subtypes (α, β, γ, δ, ε) are widely distributed in vertebrate tissues and are often expressed in the same cells as the nuclear progesterone receptor (PR) and progesterone receptor membrane component 1, thereby complicating investigations of mPR-specific functions. Nevertheless, mPR-mediated progesterone actions have been identified in a wide range of reproductive and nonreproductive tissues and distinguished from nuclear PR-mediated ones by knockdown of these receptors with siRNA in combination with a pharmacological approach using mPR- and PR-specific agonists. There are several recent reviews on the roles of the mPRs in vertebrate reproduction and cancer, but there have been no comprehensive assessments of mPR functions in nonreproductive tissues. Therefore, this article briefly reviews mPR functions in a broad range of nonreproductive tissues. The evidence that mPRs mediate progesterone and progestogen effects on neuroprotection, lordosis behavior, respiratory control of apnea, olfactory responses to pheromones, peripheral nerve regeneration, regulation of prolactin secretion in prolactinoma, immune functions, and protective functions in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells is critically reviewed. The ubiquitous expression of mPRs in vertebrate tissues suggests mPRs regulate many additional nonreproductive functions that remain to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Thomas
- Marine Science Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Port Aransas, TX 78373, USA
| | - Yefei Pang
- Marine Science Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Port Aransas, TX 78373, USA
| | | | - Luca F Castelnovo
- Marine Science Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Port Aransas, TX 78373, USA
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Membrane Progesterone Receptor α (mPRα/PAQR7) Promotes Survival and Neurite Outgrowth of Human Neuronal Cells by a Direct Action and Through Schwann Cell-like Stem Cells. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:2067-2080. [PMID: 35974286 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-02057-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
We recently showed that membrane progesterone receptor α (mPRα/PAQR7) promotes pro-regenerative effects in Schwann cell-like adipose stem cells (SCL-ASC), an alternative model to Schwann cells for the promotion of peripheral nerve regeneration. In this study, we investigated how mPRα activation with the mPR-specific agonist Org OD 02-0 in SCL-ASC affected regenerative parameters in two neuronal cell lines, IMR-32 and SH-SY-5Y. In a series of conditioned medium experiments, we found that mPR activation of SCL-ASC led to increased neurite outgrowth, protection from cell death and increased expression of peripheral nerve regeneration markers (CREB3, ATF3, GAP43) in neuronal cell lines. These effects were stronger than the ones observed with the conditioned medium from untreated SCL-ASC. The addition of Org OD 02-0 to the untreated cell medium mimicked the effects of mPR activation of SCL-ASC on cell death, but not on neurite outgrowth. Therefore, the effect of Org OD 02-0 on neurite outgrowth is SCL-ASC-dependent, while its effect on cell survivability is likely due to the direct activation of mPRs on neuronal cells. SCL-ASC transfection with mPRα siRNA showed that this isoform is responsible for the beneficial effect on neurite outgrowth. Further experiments showed that SCL-ASC-dependent outcomes likely involved the release of BDNF and IGF-2 from these cells. The beneficial mPRα effect on neurite outgrowth was confirmed in co-culture conditions. These findings strengthen the hypothesis that mPRα could play a pro-regenerative role in SCL-ASC and be a therapeutic target for the promotion of peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Facilitatory effects of artificial nerve filled with adipose-derived stem cell sheets on peripheral nerve regeneration: An experimental study. J Orthop Sci 2021; 26:1113-1118. [PMID: 33248872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated how artificial nerves filled with adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) sheets could facilitate peripheral nerve regeneration. METHODS We prepared ADSC sheets following previously described protocols. We transected the sciatic nerve in 12-week-old Wistar rats, fixed the nerve ends to the artificial conduit, and prepared three groups: (1) conduits alone (control group); (2) conduits filled with ADSCs (ADSCs group), and (3) conduits filled with ADSC sheets (ADSC sheet group). We assessed the subjects 4 and 12 weeks post-transplantation (n = 24). We investigated βIII-tubulin and anti-S100 expression at 4 and 12 weeks post-transplantation, in longitudinal- and cross-sections of the central portion in the regenerated tissues. The vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and neuregulin-1 expressions were analyzed using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR). We evaluated the tibialis anterior muscle wet weight (affected/healthy sides, %) and sciatic function index (SFI) 12 weeks post-transplantation. RESULTS The ADSC sheet group comprised more S100-positive cells than the other groups. The regenerated axon length in the ADSC sheet group was markedly the longest among the studied groups. The immunostaining revealed a positive area in the regenerated tissue center in all groups, tending to be the largest in the ADSC sheet group. The muscle wet weight indicated that the ADSC sheet group exhibited significantly higher weight than the control. The mean SFI showed that the ADSC sheet group exhibited significantly better results than the control. The VEGFA expression was higher both in the ADSC and the ADSC sheet group than in the control. The neuregulin-1 expression was higher both in the ADSC and the ADSC sheet group than in the control. CONCLUSIONS The ADSC sheets could potentially support transplanting an adequate number of ADSCs at the target site. Compared with the conventional method of attaching ADSCs, the use of ADSC sheets promotes accelerated nerve regeneration.
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Wu SH, Liao YT, Huang CH, Chen YC, Chiang ER, Wang JP. Comparison of the Confluence-Initiated Neurogenic Differentiation Tendency of Adipose-Derived and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111503. [PMID: 34829732 PMCID: PMC8615071 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs), which tended to neurogenically differentiate spontaneously after achieving high confluence, were observed. Human ADSCs reaching 80% confluence were cultured in DMEM without an inducing factor for 24 h and then maintained in DMEM plus 1% FBS medium for 7 days. The neurogenic, adipogenic, and osteogenic genes of the factor-induced and confluence-initiated differentiation of the ADSCs and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) at passages 3 to 5 were determined and compared using RT-qPCR, and the neurogenic differentiation was confirmed using immunofluorescent staining. In vitro tests revealed that the RNA and protein expression of neuronal markers, including class III β-tubulin (TUBB3), microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), neurofilament medium polypeptide (NEFM), neurofilament heavy polypeptide (NEFH), and neurofilament light polypeptide (NEFL), had been enhanced in the confluence-initiated differentiation of the ADSCs. In addition, the expressions of neurotrophins, such as the nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), were also elevated in the confluence-initiated differentiation of the ADSCs. However, the confluent ADSCs did not show a tendency toward spontaneous adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, compared with the confluent ADSCs, the tendency of spontaneous neurogenic, adipogenic, and osteogenic differentiation of the confluent human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) was not observed. The results indicated that ADSCs had the potential to spontaneously differentiate into neuron-like cells during the confluent culture period; however, this tendency was not observed in BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Hsien Wu
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (S.-H.W.); (C.-H.H.)
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Han Huang
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (S.-H.W.); (C.-H.H.)
| | - Yi-Chou Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan 330, Taiwan;
| | - En-Rung Chiang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Jung-Pan Wang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2875-7557; Fax: +886-2-2875-7657
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Lee JH, Carpena NT, Kim S, Lee MY, Jung JY, Choi JE. Photobiomodulation at a wavelength of 633 nm leads to faster functional recovery than 804 nm after facial nerve injury. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2021; 14:e202100159. [PMID: 34251083 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) of various wavelengths on regeneration of the facial nerve using in vitro and in vivo experimental models. We assessed the antioxidative effect of PBM in geniculate ganglion neurons irradiated with a diode laser at 633 nm, 780 nm and 804 nm. Wavelengths of 633 and 780 nm but not 804 nm inhibited cell death by oxidative stress. We assessed the effects of PBM on functional and morphologic recovery in rats divided into control, facial nerve damage (FND) and FND irradiated with a 633 nm or 804 nm lasers. Injured rats treated with 633-nm light had better facial palsy scores, larger axon diameter and higher expression of Schwann cells compared with the FND group. No positive results were observed in rats irradiated at 804-nm light. These findings indicate that 633-nm PBM promotes accelerated nerve regeneration and improved functional recovery in an injured facial nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hun Lee
- Medical Laser Research Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Nathaniel T Carpena
- Medical Laser Research Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Sehwan Kim
- Medical Laser Research Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Min Young Lee
- Medical Laser Research Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Jae Yun Jung
- Medical Laser Research Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Choi
- Medical Laser Research Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
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Castelnovo LF, Thomas P. Membrane progesterone receptor α (mPRα/PAQR7) promotes migration, proliferation and BDNF release in human Schwann cell-like differentiated adipose stem cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 531:111298. [PMID: 33930460 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Membrane progesterone receptors (mPRs) were recently found to be present and active in Schwann cells, where they have a potentially pro-regenerative activity. In this study, we investigated the role of mPRs in human adipose stem cells (ASC) differentiated into Schwann cell-like cells (SCL-ASC), which represent a promising alternative to Schwann cells for peripheral nerve regeneration. Our findings show that mPRs are present both in undifferentiated and differentiated ASC, and that the differentiation protocol upregulates mPR expression. Activation of mPRα promoted cell migration and differentiation in SCL-ASC, alongside with changes in cell morphology and mPRα localization. Moreover, it increased the expression and release of BDNF, a neurotrophin with pro-regenerative activity. Further analysis showed that Src and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways are involved in mPRα activity in SCL-ASC. These findings suggest that mPRα could play a pro-regenerative role in SCL-ASC and may be a promising target for the promotion of peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca F Castelnovo
- Marine Science Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 750 Channel View Drive, Port Aransas (TX), 78373, United States.
| | - Peter Thomas
- Marine Science Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 750 Channel View Drive, Port Aransas (TX), 78373, United States
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Wu SH, Liao YT, Hsueh KK, Huang HK, Chen TM, Chiang ER, Hsu SH, Tseng TC, Wang JP. Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells From a Hypoxic Culture Improve Neuronal Differentiation and Nerve Repair. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:658099. [PMID: 33996818 PMCID: PMC8120285 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.658099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic expansion has been demonstrated to enhance in vitro neuronal differentiation of bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Whether adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) increase their neuronal differentiation potential following hypoxic expansion has been examined in the study. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence staining were employed to detect the expression of neuronal markers and compare the differentiation efficiency of hypoxic and normoxic ADSCs. A sciatic nerve injury animal model was used to analyze the gastrocnemius muscle weights as the outcomes of hypoxic and normoxic ADSC treatments, and sections of the regenerated nerve fibers taken from the conduits were analyzed by histological staining and immunohistochemical staining. Comparisons of the treatment effects of ADSCs and BMSCs following hypoxic expansion were also conducted in vitro and in vivo. Hypoxic expansion prior to the differentiation procedure promoted the expression of the neuronal markers in ADSC differentiated neuron-like cells. Moreover, the conduit connecting the sciatic nerve gap injected with hypoxic ADSCs showed the highest recovery rate of the gastrocnemius muscle weights in the animal model, suggesting a conceivable treatment for hypoxic ADSCs. The percentages of the regenerated myelinated fibers from the hypoxic ADSCs detected by toluidine blue staining and myelin basic protein (MBP) immunostaining were higher than those of the normoxic ones. On the other hand, hypoxic expansion increased the neuronal differentiation potential of ADSCs compared with that of the hypoxic BMSCs in vitro. The outcomes of animals treated with hypoxic ADSCs and hypoxic BMSCs showed similar results, confirming that hypoxic expansion enhances the neuronal differentiation potential of ADSCs in vitro and improves in vivo therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Hsien Wu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Kai Hsueh
- Department of Orthopedics, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Kuang Huang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics, Ditmanson Medical Foundation, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Food Nutrition, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Ming Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Orthopedics, Taipei City Hospital-Zhong Xiao Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - En-Rung Chiang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chen Tseng
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Pan Wang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Elsayed H, Faroni A, Ashraf MR, Osuji J, Wunderley L, Zhang L, Elsobky H, Mansour M, Zidan AS, Reid AJ. Development and Characterisation of an in vitro Model of Wallerian Degeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:784. [PMID: 32754584 PMCID: PMC7365951 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Following peripheral nerve injury, a sequence of events termed Wallerian degeneration (WD) takes place at the distal stump in order to allow the regenerating axons to grow back toward the target organs. Schwann cells (SCs) play a lead role in this by initiating the inflammatory response attracting macrophages and immune cells, as well as producing neurotrophic signals that are essential for nerve regeneration. The majority of existing research has focused on tools to improve regeneration, overlooking the critical degeneration phase. This is also due to the lack of in vitro models recapitulating the features of in vivo WD. In particular, to understand the initial SC response following injury, and to investigate potential interventions, a model that isolates the nerve from other systemic influences is required. Stem cell intervention has been extensively studied as a potential therapeutic intervention to augment regeneration; however, data regarding their role in WD is lacking. Thus, in this study we describe an in vitro model using rat sciatic nerve explants degenerating up to 14 days. Characterisation of this model was performed by gene and protein expression for key markers of WD, in addition to immunohistochemical analysis and electron microscopy. We found changes in keeping with WD in vivo: upregulation of repair program protein CJUN, downregulation of myelin protein genes and subsequent disorganisation and breakdown of myelin structure. As a means of testing the effects of stem cell intervention on WD we established indirect co-cultures of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSC) with the degenerating nerve explants. The stem cell intervention potentiated neurotrophic factors and Cjun expression. We conclude that our in vitro model shares the main features of in vivo WD, and we provide proof of principle on its effectiveness to study experimental approaches for nerve regeneration focused on the events happening during WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Elsayed
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurosurgery, Mansoura University Hospitals, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Alessandro Faroni
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad R Ashraf
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Judith Osuji
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lydia Wunderley
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Function, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ling Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hesham Elsobky
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mansoura University Hospitals, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mansour
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mansoura University Hospitals, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ashraf S Zidan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mansoura University Hospitals, Mansoura, Egypt.,Mansoura University Hospital, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Adam J Reid
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Ganji R, Razavi S, Ghasemi N, Mardani M. Improvement of Remyelination in Demyelinated Corpus Callosum Using Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (hADSCs) and Pregnenolone in the Cuprizone Rat Model of Multiple Sclerosis. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:1088-1099. [PMID: 32314194 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01515-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have neuroprotective effects, and their repair ability has been approved in neurodegenerative studies. Pregnenolone as a neurosteroid plays significant roles in neurogenesis. We aimed to consider the effect of ADSCs and pregnenolone injection on the multiple sclerosis (MS) model created by cuprizone. Male Wistar rats (n = 36) were fed with an ordinary diet or a diet with cuprizone (0.6%) for 3 weeks. H-ADSCs were taken from patients with lipoaspirate surgery. The rats were divided into six groups (n = 6): healthy, MS, sham, pregnenolone injection, ADSCs injection, pregnenolone and ADSCs injection. Behavioral test, histological examination and TEM were conducted. The specific markers for myelin and cell differentiation were assessed using immunohistochemistry staining. Additionally, the measure of MBP and MOG gene expression and the amount of related proteins were determined using real-time RT-PCR and ELISA techniques, respectively. Histologic results showed that induced demyelination in corpus callosum fibers. TEM revealed an increased thickness of myelin in fibers in the treated groups (P < 0.05). Injection of hADSC and pregnenolone significantly increased the expression levels of MBP and MOG (P < 0.001). The mean percentage of MOG and MBP markers were significantly increased in the treated groups compared to MS and sham groups (P < 0.05). Moreover, the OD level of MBP and MOG proteins showed that their values in the ADSCs/pregnenolone group were close to those of the control group without a significant difference. Our data indicated the remyelination potency and cell differentiation can improve with ADSCs and pregnenolone treatments in the multiple sclerosis model which created by cuprizone in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Ganji
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 81744-176, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Razavi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 81744-176, Iran.
| | - Nazem Ghasemi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 81744-176, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mardani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 81744-176, Iran.
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Yamamoto D, Tada K, Suganuma S, Hayashi K, Nakajima T, Nakada M, Matsuta M, Tsuchiya H. Differentiated adipose-derived stem cells promote peripheral nerve regeneration. Muscle Nerve 2020; 62:119-127. [PMID: 32243602 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many reports have indicated that adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are effective for nerve regeneration. We investigated nerve regeneration by combining a polyglycolic acid collagen (PGA-c) tube, which is approved for clinical use, and Schwann cell-like differentiated ADSCs (dADSCs). METHODS Fifteen-millimeter-long gaps in the sciatic nerve of rats were bridged in each group using tubes (group I), with tubes injected with dADSCs (group II), or by resected nerve (group III). RESULTS Axonal outgrowth was greater in group II than in group I. Tibialis anterior muscle weight revealed recovery only in group III. Latency in nerve conduction studies was equivalent in group II and III, but action potential was lower in group II. Transplanted dADSCs maintained Schwann cell marker expression. ATF3 expression level in the dorsal root ganglia was equivalent in groups II and III. DISCUSSION dADSCs maintained their differentiated state in the tubes and are believed to have contributed to nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kaoru Tada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Seigo Suganuma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Hayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Nakajima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Mika Nakada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masashi Matsuta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Japan
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12
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Xu Z, Chen Z, Feng W, Huang M, Yang X, Qi Z. Grafted muscle-derived stem cells promote the therapeutic efficiency of epimysium conduits in mice with peripheral nerve gap injury. Artif Organs 2019; 44:E214-E225. [PMID: 31792982 DOI: 10.1111/aor.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Our research aimed to build allogeneic artificial conduits with epimysium and muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) from the skeletal muscle of mice. We applied the conduit to repair peripheral nerve defects and estimated the effectiveness of the repair process. In the research, we prepared epimysium conduits with lumens to bridge repair a 5-mm-long sciatic nerve defect from C57 wild-type mice and then transplanted green fluorescent protein (GFP)-MDSCs and Matrigel suspensions into the conduit. Histological and functional assessments were performed 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. The tissue-engineered conduit from muscle effectively repaired the nerve defect, while the group with GFP-MDSCs showed improved histological examinations and functional assessments, and the newborn nerves highly expressed GFP. As the results suggested, autologous epimysium conduits represent a reliable method to repair peripheral nerve defects, and the addition of MDSCs promote the effectiveness of differentiating into multiple lineages. Our research simultaneously demonstrated the myogenic, neurogenic, and angiogenic potential of MDSCs in vivo for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqiu Xu
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zixiang Chen
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weifeng Feng
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Minlu Huang
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaonan Yang
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zuoliang Qi
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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13
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Faroni A, Workman VL, Saiani A, Reid AJ. Self-Assembling Peptide Hydrogel Matrices Improve the Neurotrophic Potential of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1900410. [PMID: 31348622 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in microsurgical techniques, treatment options to restore prior function following peripheral nerve injury remain unavailable, and autologous nerve grafting remains the therapy of choice. Recent experimental work has focused on the development of artificial constructs incorporating smart biomaterials and stem cells, aspiring to match/improve the outcomes of nerve autografting. Chemically stimulated human adipose-derived stem cells (dhASC) can improve nerve regeneration outcomes; however, these properties are lost when chemical stimulation is withdrawn, and survival rate upon transplantation is low. It is hypothesized that interactions with synthetic hydrogel matrices could maintain and improve neurotrophic characteristics of dhASC. dhASC are cultured on PeptiGel-Alpha 1 and PeptiGel-Alpha 2 self-assembling peptide hydrogels, showing comparable viability to collagen I control gels. Culturing dhASC on Alpha 1 and Alpha 2 substrates allow the maintenance of neurotrophic features, such as the expression of growth factors and neuroglial markers. Both Alpha 1 and Alpha 2 substrates are suitable for the culture of peripheral sensory neurons, permitting sprouting of neuronal extensions without the need of biological extracellular matrices, and preserving neuronal function. PeptiGel substrates loaded with hdASC are proposed as promising candidates for the development of tissue engineering therapies for the repair of peripheral nerve injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Faroni
- Blond McIndoe LaboratoriesDivision of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative MedicineSchool of Biological SciencesFaculty of Biology Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Victoria L. Workman
- School of Materials & Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyFaculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Alberto Saiani
- School of Materials & Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyFaculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Adam J. Reid
- Blond McIndoe LaboratoriesDivision of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative MedicineSchool of Biological SciencesFaculty of Biology Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester M13 9PL UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery & BurnsWythenshawe HospitalManchester University NHS Foundation TrustManchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester M23 9LT UK
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14
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Passipieri JA, Dienes J, Frank J, Glazier J, Portell A, Venkatesh KP, Bliley JM, Grybowski D, Schilling BK, Marra KG, Christ GJ. Adipose Stem Cells Enhance Nerve Regeneration and Muscle Function in a Peroneal Nerve Ablation Model. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 27:297-310. [PMID: 30760135 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe peripheral nerve injuries have devastating consequences on the quality of life in affected patients, and they represent a significant unmet medical need. Destruction of nerve fibers results in denervation of targeted muscles, which, subsequently, undergo progressive atrophy and loss of function. Timely restoration of neural innervation to muscle fibers is crucial to the preservation of muscle homeostasis and function. The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of addition of adipose stem cells (ASCs) to polycaprolactone (PCL) nerve conduit guides on peripheral nerve repair and functional muscle recovery in the setting of a critical size nerve defect. To this end, peripheral nerve injury was created by surgically ablating 6 mm of the common peroneal nerve in a rat model. A PCL nerve guide, filled with ASCs and/or poloxamer hydrogel, was sutured to the nerve ends. Negative and positive controls included nerve ablation only (no repair), and reversed polarity autograft nerve implant, respectively. Tibialis anterior (TA) muscle function was assessed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks postinjury, and nerve and muscle tissue was retrieved at the 12-week terminal time point. Inclusion of ASCs in the PCL nerve guide elicited statistically significant time-dependent increases in functional recovery (contraction) after denervation; ∼25% higher than observed in acellular (poloxamer-filled) implants and indistinguishable from autograft implants, respectively, at 12 weeks postinjury (p < 0.05, n = 7-8 in each group). Analysis of single muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) revealed that ASC-based treatment of nerve injury provided a better recapitulation of the overall distribution of muscle fiber CSAs observed in the contralateral TA muscle of uninjured limbs. In addition, the presence of ASCs was associated with improved features of re-innervation distal to the defect, with respect to neurofilament and S100 (Schwann cell marker) expression. In conclusion, these initial studies indicate significant benefits of inclusion of ASCs to the rate and magnitude of both peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery of muscle contraction, to levels equivalent to autograft implantation. These findings have important implications to improved nerve repair, and they provide input for future work directed to restoration of nerve and muscle function after polytraumatic injury. Impact Statement This works explores the application of adipose stem cells (ASCs) for peripheral nerve regeneration in a rat model. Herein, we demonstrate that the addition of ASCs in poloxamer-filled PCL nerve guide conduits impacts nerve regeneration and recovery of muscle function, to levels equivalent to autograft implantation, which is considered to be the current gold standard treatment. This study builds on the importance of a timely restoration of innervation to muscle fibers for preservation of muscle homeostasis, and it will provide input for future work aiming at restoring nerve and muscle function after polytraumatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana A Passipieri
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Jack Dienes
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Joseph Frank
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Joshua Glazier
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Andrew Portell
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Kaushik P Venkatesh
- Department of Bioengineering and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jacqueline M Bliley
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Damian Grybowski
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Benjamin K Schilling
- Department of Bioengineering and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kacey G Marra
- Department of Bioengineering and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - George J Christ
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Orthopaedics Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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15
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Yousefi F, Lavi Arab F, Nikkhah K, Amiri H, Mahmoudi M. Novel approaches using mesenchymal stem cells for curing peripheral nerve injuries. Life Sci 2019; 221:99-108. [PMID: 30735735 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is a common life-changing disability of peripheral nervous system with significant socioeconomic consequences. Conventional therapeutic approaches for PNI have several drawbacks such as need to autologous nerve scarifying, surplus surgery, and difficult accessibility to donor nerve; therefore, other therapeutic strategies such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy are getting more interesting. MSCs have been proved to be safe and efficient in numerous degenerative diseases of central and peripheral nervous systems. In this paper, we review novel biotechnological advancements in treating PNI using MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forouzan Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Lavi Arab
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Karim Nikkhah
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Houshang Amiri
- Neurology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mahmoud Mahmoudi
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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16
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Yilmaz A, Topcu A, Erdogan C, Sahin B, Abban G, Coskun E, Ozkul A. The Effect of Vascular Graft and Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived CD34+ Stem Cell on Peripheral Nerve Healing. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2018; 6:1946-1952. [PMID: 30559841 PMCID: PMC6290437 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: There are many trials concerning peripheral nerve damage causes and treatment options. Unfortunately, nerve damage is still a major problem regarding health, social and economic issues. On this study, we used vascular graft and human cord blood derived stem cells to find an alternative treatment solution to this problem. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We used 21 female Wistar rats on our study. They were anesthetized with ketamine and we studied right hind limbs. On Group 1, we did a full layer cut on the right sciatic nerve. On Group 2, we did a full layer cut on the right sciatic nerve, and we covered synthetic vascular graft on cut area. On Group 3, we did a full layer cut on right sciatic nerve, and we covered the area with stem cell applied vascular graft. RESULTS: At the end of postoperative 8. weeks, we performed EMG on the rats. When we compared healthy and degenerated areas as a result of EMG, we found significant amplitude differences between the groups on healthy areas whereas there was no significant difference on degenerated areas between the groups. Then we re-opened the operated area again to reveal the sciatic nerve cut area, and we performed electron microscope evaluation. On the stem cell group, we observed that both the axon and the myelin sheet prevented degeneration. CONCLUSION: This study is a first on using synthetic vascular graft and cord blood derived CD34+ cells in peripheral nerve degeneration. On the tissues that were examined with electron microscope, we observed that CD34+ cells prevented both axonal and myelin sheath degeneration. Nerve tissue showed similar results to the control group, and the damage was minimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Yilmaz
- Adnan Menderes University, Neurosurgery Department, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Topcu
- Adnan Menderes University, Neurosurgery Department, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Cagdas Erdogan
- Pamukkale University, Neurology Department, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Barbaros Sahin
- University Medicine Faculty, Animal Laboratory, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Gulcin Abban
- Pamukkale University Medicine Faculty, Histology and Embryology Department, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Erdal Coskun
- Pamukkale University, Medicine Faculty, Neurosurgery Department, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Ayca Ozkul
- Adnan Menderes University, Neurosurgery Department, Aydın, Turkey
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17
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Bucan V, Fliess M, Schnabel R, Peck CT, Vaslaitis D, Fülbier A, Reimers K, Strauss S, Vogt PM, Radtke C. In vitro enhancement and functional characterization of neurite outgrowth by undifferentiated adipose-derived stem cells. Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:593-602. [PMID: 30431135 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose‑derived stem cells (ASCs) can easily be obtained and expanded in vitro for use in autologous cell therapy. Via their production of cytokines and neurotrophic factors, transplanted ASCs provide neuroprotection, neovascularization and induction of axonal sprouting. However, the influencing mechanism of undifferentiated ASCs on nerve regeneration is currently only partially understood. In the present study, undifferentiated ASCs and cutaneous primary afferent dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons were co‑cultured in order to investigate their interaction. ASCs were isolated from adult rat fat tissue. The presence of characteristic stem cell markers was determined by flow cytometry in three subsequent passages. Adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic and glial differentiation was performed in order to evaluate their differentiation capacity. A direct co‑culture system with DRG cells was established to determine the effect of undifferentiated pluripotent ASCs on neurite elongation. Neurite outgrowth, length and number was examined in the co‑culture and compared with single‑culture cells and cells stimulated with nerve growth factor (NGF). In ASC cultures, NGF expression was assessed by ELISA. The present results demonstrated that the specific mesenchymal stem cell surface markers CD44, CD73 and CD90 were detected in all three subsequent passages of the isolated ASCs. In accordance, ASC differentiation into adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic and Schwann cell phenotype was conducted successfully. Neurite outgrowth of DRG neurons was enhanced following co‑culture with ASCs, resulting in increased neurite length after 24 h of cultivation. Furthermore, neurite outgrowth of DRG neurons was directed towards the undifferentiated ASC and direct cell‑to‑cell contact was observed. In summary, the results of the present study revealed an interaction between the two cell types with guidance of neurite growth towards the undifferentiated ASC. These findings suggest that the use of undifferentiated ASC optimizing tissue‑engineered constructs may be promising for peripheral nerve repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Bucan
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, D‑30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Malte Fliess
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, D‑30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Reinhild Schnabel
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, D‑30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Claas-Tido Peck
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, D‑30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Desiree Vaslaitis
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, D‑30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Angela Fülbier
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, D‑30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Kerstin Reimers
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, D‑30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sarah Strauss
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, D‑30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter M Vogt
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, D‑30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Christine Radtke
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, D‑30625 Hannover, Germany
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18
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Trejo JL. Advances in the Ongoing Battle against the Consequences of Peripheral Nerve Injuries. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 301:1606-1613. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.23936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- JosÉ L. Trejo
- Department of Translational Neuroscience; Cajal Institute, CSIC; Madrid Spain
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19
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Moattari M, Moattari F, Kaka G, Mohseni Kouchesfehani H, Sadraie SH, Naghdi M, Mansouri K. Evaluation of dexamethasone treated mesenchymal stem cells for recovery in neurotmesis model of peripheral nerve injury. Neurol Res 2018; 40:1060-1070. [PMID: 30246623 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2018.1517859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peripheral nerve injuries comprise significant portion of the nervous system injuries. Although peripheral nerves show some capacity of regeneration after injury, the extent of regeneration is not remarkable. The present study aimes to evaluate the regeneration of transected sciatic nerve by a therapeutic value of dexamethasone (DEX) associated with cell therapy (Cell) and biodegradable membrane (Mem) in rat. METHODS Male Wistar rats (n = 42, 180-200g) were randomly divided into control (Ctrl), Membrane+ Cell, Mem, DEX, DEX+ Cell, DEX+ Mem and DEX+ Cell+ Mem groups. Functional recovery was evaluated at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks after surgery using sciatic functional index (SFI), withdrawal reflex latency (WRL) test, electrophysiological and histological analyses. RESULTS The rats in the DEX+ Cell+ Mem-treated group showed a significant improvement in SFI, WRL and electrophysiological findings during the 2nd to 12th weeks after surgery. In addition, histomorphological findings showed a significant improvement in the DEX+ Cell+ Memtreated group, at 12 weeks after surgery. DISCUSSION Taken together, use of DEX associated with cell and biodegradable membrane could improve functional and histomorphological properties of the sciatic nerve after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnaz Moattari
- a Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Science , Kharazmi University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Farahnaz Moattari
- b Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources , Persian Gulf University , Bushehr , Iran
| | - Gholamreza Kaka
- c Neuroscience Research Center , Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | | | - Seyed Homayoon Sadraie
- c Neuroscience Research Center , Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Majid Naghdi
- d Department of Anatomy , Fasa University of Medical Science , Fasa , Fars , Iran
| | - Korosh Mansouri
- e Department of Physical Medicine, and Rehabilitation , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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20
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Kaplani K, Koutsi S, Armenis V, Skondra FG, Karantzelis N, Champeris Tsaniras S, Taraviras S. Wound healing related agents: Ongoing research and perspectives. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 129:242-253. [PMID: 29501699 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing response plays a central part in chronic inflammation, affecting millions of people worldwide. It is a dynamic process that can lead to fibrosis, if tissue damage is irreversible and wound resolution is not attained. It is clear that there is a tight interconnection among wound healing, fibrosis and a variety of chronic disease conditions, demonstrating the heterogeneity of this pathology. Based on our further understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underpinning tissue repair, new therapeutic approaches have recently been developed that target different aspects of the wound healing process and fibrosis. Nevertheless, several issues still need to be taken into consideration when designing modern wound healing drug delivery formulations. In this review, we highlight novel pharmacological agents that hold promise for targeting wound repair and fibrosis. We also focus on drug-delivery systems that may enhance current and future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Kaplani
- Division of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Biomedical Postgraduate Programme, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Stamatina Koutsi
- Division of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Biomedical Postgraduate Programme, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Vasileios Armenis
- Division of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Biomedical Postgraduate Programme, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Foteini G Skondra
- Division of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Biomedical Postgraduate Programme, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Nickolas Karantzelis
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | | | - Stavros Taraviras
- Division of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Biomedical Postgraduate Programme, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece.
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21
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D’Arpa S, Zabbia G, Cannizzaro C, Salimbeni G, Plescia F, Mariolo AV, Cassata G, Cicero L, Puleio R, Martorana A, Moschella F, Cordova A. Seeding nerve sutures with minced nerve-graft (MINE-G): a simple method to improve nerve regeneration in rats. Acta Chir Belg 2018; 118:27-35. [PMID: 28738725 DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2017.1353237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the effect of seeding the distal nerve suture with nerve fragments in rats. METHODS On 20 rats, a 15 mm sciatic nerve defect was reconstructed with a nerve autograft. In the Study Group (10 rats), a minced 1 mm nerve segment was seeded around the nerve suture. In the Control Group (10 rats), a nerve graft alone was used. At 4 and 12 weeks, a walking track analysis with open field test (WTA), hystomorphometry (number of myelinated fibers (n), fiber density (FD) and fiber area (FA) and soleus and gastrocnemius muscle weight ratios (MWR) were evaluated. The Student t-test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS At 4 and 12 weeks the Study Group had a significantly higher n and FD (p = .043 and .033). The SMWR was significantly higher in the Study Group at 12 weeks (p = .0207). CONCLUSIONS Seeding the distal nerve suture with nerve fragments increases the number of myelinated fibers, the FD and the SMWR. The technique seems promising and deserves further investigation to clarify the mechanisms involved and its functional effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore D’Arpa
- Plastische Heelkunde, Universitair Ziekenhuis Gent, Gent, Belgium
| | - Giovanni Zabbia
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Carla Cannizzaro
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care ‘GIUSEPPE D’ALESSANDRO’, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Fulvio Plescia
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care ‘GIUSEPPE D’ALESSANDRO’, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessio Vincenzo Mariolo
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cassata
- Laboratory Animal House/Unit, Institute of Experimental Zooprophylactic of Sicily, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Cicero
- Laboratory Animal House/Unit, Institute of Experimental Zooprophylactic of Sicily, Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberto Puleio
- Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry Laboratory, Institute Experimental Zooprophylactic of Sicily, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Martorana
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Moschella
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Adriana Cordova
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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22
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Luca A, Fonta C, Raffoul W, Summa P, Lacour S. In vitro evaluation of gel‐encapsulated adipose derived stem cells: Biochemical cues for in vivo peripheral nerve repair. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:676-686. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.C. Luca
- Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Neuroprosthetic Technology, Laboratory for Soft Bioelectronic Interfaces, Institute of Microengineering, Institute of Bioengineering, Centre for NeuroprostheticsÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne Switzerland
| | - C.M. Fonta
- Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Neuroprosthetic Technology, Laboratory for Soft Bioelectronic Interfaces, Institute of Microengineering, Institute of Bioengineering, Centre for NeuroprostheticsÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne Switzerland
| | - W. Raffoul
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand SurgeryUniversity Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV) Lausanne Switzerland
| | - P.G. Summa
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand SurgeryUniversity Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV) Lausanne Switzerland
| | - S.P. Lacour
- Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Neuroprosthetic Technology, Laboratory for Soft Bioelectronic Interfaces, Institute of Microengineering, Institute of Bioengineering, Centre for NeuroprostheticsÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne Switzerland
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Hsu MN, Liao HT, Li KC, Chen HH, Yen TC, Makarevich P, Parfyonova Y, Hu YC. Adipose-derived stem cell sheets functionalized by hybrid baculovirus for prolonged GDNF expression and improved nerve regeneration. Biomaterials 2017; 140:189-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinases-1 Knockdown Suppresses the Proliferation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:4761507. [PMID: 27239203 PMCID: PMC4863124 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4761507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) is a multifunctional matrix metalloproteinase, and it is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis in various cell types. However, little is known about the effect of TIMP-1 expression on the proliferation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). Therefore, TIMP-1 expression in the ADSCs was firstly detected by western blotting, and TIMP-1 gene was knocked down by lentivirus-mediated shRNA. Cell proliferation was then evaluated by MTT assay and Ki67 staining, respectively. Cell cycle progression was determined by flow cytometry. The changes of p51, p21, cyclin E, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), and P-CDK2 caused by TIMP-1 knockdown were detected by western blotting. The results indicated that ADSCs highly expressed TIMP-1 protein, and the knockdown of TIMP-1 inhibited cell proliferation and arrested cell cycle progression at G1 phase in the ADSCs possibly through the upregulation of p53, p21, and P-CDK2 protein levels and concurrent downregulation of cyclin E and CDK2 protein levels. These findings suggest that TIMP-1 works as a positive regulator of cell proliferation in ADSCs.
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Faroni A, Mobasseri SA, Kingham PJ, Reid AJ. Peripheral nerve regeneration: experimental strategies and future perspectives. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 82-83:160-7. [PMID: 25446133 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 366] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries represent a substantial clinical problem with insufficient or unsatisfactory treatment options. This review summarises all the events occurring after nerve damage at the level of the cell body, the site of injury and the target organ. Various experimental strategies to improve neuronal survival, axonal regeneration and target reinnervation are described including pharmacological approaches and cell-based therapies. Given the complexity of nerve regeneration, further studies are needed to address the biology of nerve injury, to improve the interaction with implantable scaffolds, and to implement cell-based therapies in nerve tissue engineering.
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