1
|
Chen Z, Li M, Chen P, Tai A, Li J, Bassonga EL, Gao J, Liu D, Wood D, Kennedy BF, Zheng Q, Zheng MH. Mechanical overload-induced release of extracellular mitochondrial particles from tendon cells leads to inflammation in tendinopathy. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:583-599. [PMID: 38424192 PMCID: PMC10985099 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01183-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Tendinopathy is one of the most common musculoskeletal diseases, and mechanical overload is considered its primary cause. However, the underlying mechanism through which mechanical overload induces tendinopathy has not been determined. In this study, we identified for the first time that tendon cells can release extracellular mitochondria (ExtraMito) particles, a subtype of medium extracellular particles (mEPs), into the environment through a process regulated by mechanical loading. RNA sequencing systematically revealed that oxygen-related reactions, extracellular particles, and inflammation were present in diseased human tendons, suggesting that these factors play a role in the pathogenesis of tendinopathy. We simulated the disease condition by imposing a 9% strain overload on three-dimensional mouse tendon constructs in our cyclic uniaxial stretching bioreactor. The three-dimensional mouse tendon constructs under normal loading with 6% strain exhibited an extended mitochondrial network, as observed through live-cell confocal laser scanning microscopy. In contrast, mechanical overload led to a fragmented mitochondrial network. Our microscopic and immunoblot results demonstrated that mechanical loading induced tendon cells to release ExtraMito particles. Furthermore, we showed that mEPs released from tendon cells overloaded with a 9% strain (mEP9%) induced macrophage chemotaxis and increased the production of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, CXCL1, and IL-18, from macrophages compared to mEP0%, mEP3%, and mEP6%. Partial depletion of the ExtraMito particles from mEP9% by magnetic-activated cell sorting significantly reduced macrophage chemotaxis. N-acetyl-L-cysteine treatment preserved the mitochondrial network in overloaded tendon cells, diminishing overload-induced macrophage chemotaxis toward mEP9%. These findings revealed a novel mechanism of tendinopathy; in an overloaded environment, ExtraMito particles convey mechanical response signals from tendon cells to the immune microenvironment, culminating in tendinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Chen
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, School of Surgery, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Mengyuan Li
- Department of Joint Osteopathy and Traumatology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Peilin Chen
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, School of Surgery, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- School of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Andrew Tai
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Jiayue Li
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Euphemie Landao Bassonga
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, School of Surgery, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Junjie Gao
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, School of Surgery, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Delin Liu
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, School of Surgery, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - David Wood
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, School of Surgery, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Brendan F Kennedy
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100, Torun, Poland
| | - Qiujian Zheng
- Department of Joint Osteopathy and Traumatology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ming H Zheng
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, School of Surgery, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Factors Associated with Elevated Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Aqueous Humor of Patients with Open-Angle Glaucoma. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11175232. [PMID: 36079162 PMCID: PMC9457301 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11175232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is an important modulator of neuroinflammation, secreted from activated glial cells in response to intraocular stress. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical factors associated with elevated TNF-α and its level in aqueous humor of patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG). Aqueous humor was collected from 73 OAG eyes, and TNF-α level was analyzed using the singleplex bead immunoassay method. Patients were divided into TNF-α-positive and TNF-α-negative groups according to the TNF-α level of 10 pg/mL, and baseline clinical characteristics were compared. The TNF-α-positive group showed higher baseline IOP, greater IOP fluctuation, and higher systolic blood pressure than the TNF-α-negative group (p = 0.007, p < 0.001, and p = 0.009, respectively). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, IOP fluctuation (p = 0.037) and systolic blood pressure (p = 0.016) were all independently associated with positive TNF-α level. In normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients, presence of central scotoma (p = 0.029) was significantly associated with positive TNF-α level. In conclusion, positive TNF-α level in OAG patients was associated with greater IOP fluctuation and higher systolic blood pressure. In NTG patients, positive TNF-α level was associated with the presence of central scotoma. IOP factors and vascular factors, including blood pressure and presence of central scotoma, may indicate glaucoma pathogenesis related to TNF-α elevation in OAG patients.
Collapse
|
3
|
Hong ST, Koh B, Choi SJ, Yoon E, Pyo MC, Choi JW, Kim MS, Lee EJ, Paik KC, Han MS, Chun HJ, Heo JN, Kim ES, Cho BR. Two-Photon Probe for TNF-α. Assessment of the Transmembrane TNF-α Level in Human Colon Tissue by Two-Photon Microscopy. Anal Chem 2019; 91:15769-15776. [PMID: 31663332 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We developed Pyr1-infliximab: a two-photon probe for TNF-α. Pyr1-infliximab showed absorption maxima at 280 and 438 nm and an emission maximum at 610 nm in an aqueous buffer and effective two-photon action cross-section values of (520-2830) × 10-50 cm4s/photon in RAW 264.7 cells. After this probe was labeled, it was possible to detect Pyr1-infliximab-transmembrane TNF-α complexes in a live cell and to determine the relative proportion of these complexes in human colon tissues. This proportion among healthy, possibly inflamed, and inflamed tissues of patients with ulcerative colitis was found to be 1.0/4.5/10. This probe may find useful applications for selective detection of transmembrane TNF-α in a live cell or tissue, for quantification of inflammation in human colon tissue or of antidrug antibodies in patients who stop responding to anti-TNF therapy, and for monitoring of the response to this therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Taek Hong
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology , Korea University , 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu , Seoul 02841 , Republic of Korea
| | - Byumseok Koh
- Therapeutics and Biotechnology Division , Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology , 141 Gajeong-ro , Daejeon 34114 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Ji Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine , Korea University College of Medicine , 73 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu , Seoul 02841 , Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Yoon
- Therapeutics and Biotechnology Division , Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology , 141 Gajeong-ro , Daejeon 34114 , Republic of Korea
| | - Min Cheol Pyo
- Department of Biotechnology , Korea University , 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu , Seoul 02841 , Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Woo Choi
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology , Korea University , 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu , Seoul 02841 , Republic of Korea
| | - Mun Seok Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Daejin University , 1007 Hoguk-ro , Pocheon-si , Gyeonggi-do 11159 , Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Lee
- Department of Chemistry , Daejin University , 1007 Hoguk-ro , Pocheon-si , Gyeonggi-do 11159 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Cheol Paik
- Department of Chemistry , Daejin University , 1007 Hoguk-ro , Pocheon-si , Gyeonggi-do 11159 , Republic of Korea
| | - Man So Han
- Department of Chemistry , Daejin University , 1007 Hoguk-ro , Pocheon-si , Gyeonggi-do 11159 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Jai Chun
- Department of Internal Medicine , Korea University College of Medicine , 73 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu , Seoul 02841 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Nyoung Heo
- Therapeutics and Biotechnology Division , Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology , 141 Gajeong-ro , Daejeon 34114 , Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development , Chungnam National University , 99 Daehak-ro , Daejeon 34134 , Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine , Korea University College of Medicine , 73 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu , Seoul 02841 , Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Rae Cho
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology , Korea University , 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu , Seoul 02841 , Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry , Daejin University , 1007 Hoguk-ro , Pocheon-si , Gyeonggi-do 11159 , Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry , Korea University , 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu , Seoul 02841 , Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
|
5
|
Buchanan RA, Foley KE, Pepper KW, Reagan AM, Keezer KJ, Hewes AA, Diemler CA, Preuss C, Soto I, John SWM, Howell GR. Meox2 Haploinsufficiency Accelerates Axonal Degeneration in DBA/2J Glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 60:3283-3296. [PMID: 31369031 PMCID: PMC6676925 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-26126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Glaucoma is a complex disease with major risk factors including advancing age and increased intraocular pressure (IOP). Dissecting these earliest events will likely identify new avenues for therapeutics. Previously, we performed transcriptional profiling in DBA/2J (D2) mice, a widely used mouse model relevant to glaucoma. Here, we use these data to identify and test regulators of early gene expression changes in DBA/2J glaucoma. Methods Upstream regulator analysis (URA) in Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was performed to identify potential master regulators of differentially expressed genes. The function of one putative regulator, mesenchyme homeobox 2 (Meox2), was tested using a combination of genetic, biochemical, and immunofluorescence approaches. Results URA identified Meox2 as a potential regulator of early gene expression changes in the optic nerve head (ONH) of DBA/2J mice. Meox2 haploinsufficiency did not affect the characteristic diseases of the iris or IOP elevation seen in DBA/2J mice but did cause a significant increase in the numbers of eyes with axon damage compared to controls. While young mice appeared normal, aged Meox2 haploinsufficient DBA/2J mice showed a 44% reduction in MEOX2 protein levels. This correlated with modulation of age- and disease-specific vascular and myeloid alterations. Conclusions Our data support a model whereby Meox2 controls IOP-dependent vascular remodeling and neuroinflammation to promote axon survival. Promoting these earliest responses prior to IOP elevation may be a viable neuroprotective strategy to delay or prevent human glaucoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kate E Foley
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States.,Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | | | | | - Kelly J Keezer
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States
| | - Amanda A Hewes
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States
| | - Cory A Diemler
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States
| | | | - Ileana Soto
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, United States.,Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, United States
| | - Simon W M John
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States.,Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, United States
| | - Gareth R Howell
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States.,Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ganguly P, Honeycutt JA, Rowe JR, Demaestri C, Brenhouse HC. Effects of early life stress on cocaine conditioning and AMPA receptor composition are sex-specific and driven by TNF. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 78:41-51. [PMID: 30654007 PMCID: PMC6488364 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to early life adversity can predispose adolescents to the formation of substance abuse disorders. In rodents, early stressors such as repeated maternal separation (MS) impact AMPAR activity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAc), regions involved in drug-cue association after cocaine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP). Notably, previous reports suggest that the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) regulates AMPAR subunit composition; increased TNF levels are reported to reduce GluA2-positive AMPARs. Since MS can elevate adolescent TNF levels, the stressor may therefore alter AMPAR subunit composition via neuroimmune signaling, thereby affecting cocaine-induced CPP. We tested the specific role of soluble TNF in MS-induced GluA2 loss and cocaine-induced CPP with biologic disruption of TNF signaling. TNF gene and protein expression were elevated in both PFC and NAc of MS males, but not females. GluA2 expression was reduced in both regions in only male MS rats, and systemic treatment with either ibudilast - a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, or XPro1595 - a blood-brain barrier-permeable blocker of soluble TNF - reversed such loss. MS males also formed greater preference for a cocaine-paired environment, the expression of which returned to control levels after XPro1595 administration. These data suggest a sex-specific mechanistic link between TNF signaling and changes in GluA2 expression and drug-cue conditioning, thereby providing further evidence for a role of MS and neuro-immune activity in cortical and striatal AMPAR changes. Moreover, manipulation of the TNF signaling pathway represents a novel approach for influencing response to reinforcing effects of drug use.
Collapse
|
7
|
Aires ID, Boia R, Rodrigues-Neves AC, Madeira MH, Marques C, Ambrósio AF, Santiago AR. Blockade of microglial adenosine A 2A receptor suppresses elevated pressure-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell death in retinal cells. Glia 2019; 67:896-914. [PMID: 30667095 PMCID: PMC6590475 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a retinal degenerative disease characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells and damage of the optic nerve. Recently, we demonstrated that antagonists of adenosine A2A receptor (A2A R) control retinal inflammation and afford protection to rat retinal cells in glaucoma models. However, the precise contribution of microglia to retinal injury was not addressed, as well as the effect of A2A R blockade directly in microglia. Here we show that blocking microglial A2A R prevents microglial cell response to elevated pressure and it is sufficient to protect retinal cells from elevated pressure-induced death. The A2A R antagonist SCH 58261 or the knockdown of A2A R expression with siRNA in microglial cells prevented the increase in microglia response to elevated hydrostatic pressure. Furthermore, in retinal neural cell cultures, the A2A R antagonist decreased microglia proliferation, as well as the expression and release of pro-inflammatory mediators. Microglia ablation prevented neural cell death triggered by elevated pressure. The A2A R blockade recapitulated the effects of microglia depletion, suggesting that blocking A2A R in microglia is able to control neurodegeneration in glaucoma-like conditions. Importantly, in human organotypic retinal cultures, A2A R blockade prevented the increase in reactive oxygen species and the morphological alterations in microglia triggered by elevated pressure. These findings place microglia as the main contributors for retinal cell death during elevated pressure and identify microglial A2A R as a therapeutic target to control retinal neuroinflammation and prevent neural apoptosis elicited by elevated pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inês Dinis Aires
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raquel Boia
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Catarina Rodrigues-Neves
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Helena Madeira
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carla Marques
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António Francisco Ambrósio
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Raquel Santiago
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang S, Xian B, Li K, Luo Z, Liu Y, Hu D, Ge J. Alpha 1-antitrypsin inhibits microglia activation and facilitates the survival of iPSC grafts in hypertension mouse model. Cell Immunol 2018; 328:49-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
9
|
A New Venue of TNF Targeting. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051442. [PMID: 29751683 PMCID: PMC5983675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The first Food and Drug Administration-(FDA)-approved drugs were small, chemically-manufactured and highly active molecules with possible off-target effects, followed by protein-based medicines such as antibodies. Conventional antibodies bind a specific protein and are becoming increasingly important in the therapeutic landscape. A very prominent class of biologicals are the anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) drugs that are applied in several inflammatory diseases that are characterized by dysregulated TNF levels. Marketing of TNF inhibitors revolutionized the treatment of diseases such as Crohn’s disease. However, these inhibitors also have undesired effects, some of them directly associated with the inherent nature of this drug class, whereas others are linked with their mechanism of action, being pan-TNF inhibition. The effects of TNF can diverge at the level of TNF format or receptor, and we discuss the consequences of this in sepsis, autoimmunity and neurodegeneration. Recently, researchers tried to design drugs with reduced side effects. These include molecules with more specificity targeting one specific TNF format or receptor, or that neutralize TNF in specific cells. Alternatively, TNF-directed biologicals without the typical antibody structure are manufactured. Here, we review the complications related to the use of conventional TNF inhibitors, together with the anti-TNF alternatives and the benefits of selective approaches in different diseases.
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao J, Mysona BA, Wang J, Gonsalvez GB, Smith SB, Bollinger KE. Sigma 1 receptor regulates ERK activation and promotes survival of optic nerve head astrocytes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184421. [PMID: 28898265 PMCID: PMC5595338 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The sigma 1 receptor (S1R) is a unique transmembrane protein that has been shown to regulate neuronal differentiation and cellular survival. It is expressed within several cell types throughout the nervous system and visceral organs, including neurons and glia within the eye. S1R ligands are therapeutic targets for diseases ranging from neurodegenerative conditions to neoplastic disorders. However, effects of S1R activation and inhibition within glia cells are not well characterized. Within the eye, the astrocytes at the optic nerve head are crucial to the health and survival of the neurons that send visual information to the brain. In this study, we used the S1R-specific agonist, (+)-pentazocine, to evaluate S1R activation within optic nerve head-derived astrocytes (ONHAs). Treatment of ONHAs with (+)-pentazocine attenuated the level and duration of stress-induced ERK phosphorylation following oxidative stress exposure and promoted survival of ONHAs. These effects were specific to S1R activation because they were not observed in ONHAs that were depleted of S1R using siRNA-mediated knockdown. Collectively, our results suggest that S1R activation suppresses ERK1/2 phosphorylation and protects ONHAs from oxidative stress-induced death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Barbara A. Mysona
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jing Wang
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Graydon B. Gonsalvez
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Sylvia B. Smith
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Kathryn E. Bollinger
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
De Groef L, Cordeiro MF. Is the Eye an Extension of the Brain in Central Nervous System Disease? J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2017; 34:129-133. [PMID: 28609158 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2016.0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lies De Groef
- 1 Glaucoma and Retinal Neurodegenerative Disease Research Group, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London , London, United Kingdom .,2 Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group, Department of Biology, University of Leuven , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Francesca Cordeiro
- 1 Glaucoma and Retinal Neurodegenerative Disease Research Group, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London , London, United Kingdom .,3 Western Eye Hospital , Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom .,4 ICORG, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London , London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|