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Xiao D, Wang K, Theriault L, Charbel E. White matter integrity and key structures affected in Alzheimer's disease characterized by diffusion tensor imaging. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:5319-5331. [PMID: 36048971 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
White matter (WM) degeneration is suggested to predict the early signs of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The exact structural regions of brain circuitry involved are not known. This study aims to examine the associations between WM tract integrity, represented by the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures, and AD diagnosis and to denote the key substrates in predicting AD. It included DTI measures of mean diffusivity (MD), fractional anisotropy, radial diffusivity and axial diffusivity of 18 main WM tracts in 84 non-Hispanic white participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative dataset. The multivariable general linear model was used to examine the association of AD diagnosis with each DTI measure adjusting for age, gender and education. The corpus callosum, fornix, cingulum hippocampus, uncinate fasciculus, sagittal striatum, left posterior thalamic radiation and fornix-stria terminalis showed significant increases in MD, radial and axial diffusivity, whereas the splenium of corpus callosum and the fornix showed significant decreases in fractional anisotropy among AD patients. Variable cluster analysis identified that hippocampus volume, mini-mental state examination (MMSE), cingulate gyrus/hippocampus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus and uncinate fasciculus are highly correlated in one cluster with MD measures. In conclusion, there were significant differences in DTI measures between the brain WM of AD patients and controls. Age is the risk factor associated with AD, not gender or education. Right cingulum gyrus and right uncinate fasciculus are particularly affected, correlating well with a cognitive test MMSE and MD measures for dementia in AD patients and could be a region of focus for AD staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danqing Xiao
- Department of STEM, School of Arts and Sciences, Regis College, Weston, Massachusetts, USA.,Neuroimaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kesheng Wang
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Luke Theriault
- Department of STEM, School of Arts and Sciences, Regis College, Weston, Massachusetts, USA.,School of Medicine, St. George's University, Saint George's, Grenada
| | - Elhelou Charbel
- Department of STEM, School of Arts and Sciences, Regis College, Weston, Massachusetts, USA
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Karthika C, Appu AP, Akter R, Rahman MH, Tagde P, Ashraf GM, Abdel-Daim MM, Hassan SSU, Abid A, Bungau S. Potential innovation against Alzheimer's disorder: a tricomponent combination of natural antioxidants (vitamin E, quercetin, and basil oil) and the development of its intranasal delivery. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:10950-10965. [PMID: 35000160 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17830-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disorder (AD) is very difficult to manage and treat. The complexity of the brain, the blood-brain barrier influencing a multitude of parameters/biomarkers, as well as numerous other factors involved often contribute to the decline in the chances of treatment success. Development of the new drug moiety also takes time, being necessary to consider both its toxicity and related issues. As a strategic plan, a combined strategy is being developed and considered to address AD pathology using several approaches. A combination of vitamin E, quercetin, and basil oil in a nano-based formulation is designed to be administered nasally. The antioxidant present in these natural-based products helps to treat and alleviate AD if a synergistic approach is considered. The three active substances mentioned above are well known for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. The nanoformulation helps the co-delivery of the drug moiety to the brain through the intranasal route. In this review, a correlation and use of vitamin E, quercetin, and basil oil in a nano-based formulation is described as an effective way to treat AD. The intranasal administration of drugs is a promising approach for the treatment of neurodegenerative and mental disorders, as this route is non-invasive, enhances the bioavailability, allows a drug dose reduction, bypasses the blood-brain barrier, and reduces the systemic undesired effect. The use of natural products is generally considered to be just as safe; therefore, by using this combined approach, the level of toxicity can be minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenmala Karthika
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Nilgiris, Ooty, 643001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Rokeya Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Jagannath University, Sadarghat, Dhaka, 1100, Bangladesh
- Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Gangwon-do, Wonju, 26426, South Korea
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Gangwon-do, Wonju, 26426, South Korea.
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka, 1213, Bangladesh.
| | - Priti Tagde
- Bhabha Pharmacy Research Institute, Bhabha University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462026, India
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Syed Shams Ul Hassan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Areha Abid
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028, Oradea, Romania
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087, Oradea, Romania
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