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Hegde M, Girisa S, Aswani BS, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Harnessing potential role of gangliosides in immunomodulation and cancer therapeutics. Life Sci 2024; 351:122786. [PMID: 38848944 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Gangliosides represent glycolipids containing sialic acid residues, present on the cell membrane with glycan residues exposed to the extracellular matrix (ECM), while the ceramides are anchored within the membrane. These molecules play a critical role in pathophysiological processes such as host-pathogen interactions, cell-cell recognition, signal transduction, cell adhesion, motility, and immunomodulation. Accumulated evidence suggests the overexpression of gangliosides on tumor tissues in comparison to healthy human tissues. These tumor-associated gangliosides have been implicated in various facets of tumor biology, including cell motility, differentiation, signaling, immunosuppression, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Consequently, these entities emerge as attractive targets for immunotherapeutic interventions. Notably, the administration of antibodies targeting gangliosides has demonstrated cytotoxic effects on cancer cells that exhibit an overexpression of these glycolipids. Passive immunotherapy approaches utilizing murine or murine/human chimeric anti-ganglioside antibodies have been explored as potential treatments for diverse cancer types. Additionally, vaccination strategies employing tumor-associated gangliosides in conjunction with adjuvants have entered the realm of promising techniques currently undergoing clinical trials. The present comprehensive review encapsulates the multifaceted roles of gangliosides in tumor initiation, progression, immunosuppression, and metastasis. Further, an overview is provided of the correlation between the expression status of gangliosides in normal and tumor cells and its impact on cancer patient survival. Furthermore, the discussion extends to ongoing and completed clinical trials employing diverse strategies to target gangliosides, elucidating their effectiveness in treating cancers. This emerging discipline is expected to supply substantial impetus for the establishment of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Babu Santha Aswani
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore; NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117699, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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Shi YW, Xu CC, Sun CY, Liu JX, Zhao SY, Liu D, Fan XJ, Wang CP. GM1 Ameliorates Neuronal Injury in Rats after Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion: Potential Contribution of Effects on SPTBN1-mediated Signaling. Neuroscience 2024:S0306-4522(24)00231-8. [PMID: 38810691 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Monosialoganglioside GM1 (GM1) has long been used as a therapeutic agent for neurological diseases in the clinical treatment of ischemic stroke. However, the mechanism underlying the neuroprotective function of GM1 is still obscure until now. In this study, we investigated the effects of GM1 in ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) brain injury models. Middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) rats were treated with GM1 (60 mg·kg-1·d-1, tail vein injection) for 2 weeks. The results showed that GM1 substantially attenuated the MCAO/R-induced neurological dysfunction and inhibited the inflammatory responses and cell apoptosis in ischemic parietal cortex. We further revealed that GM1 inhibited the activation of NFκB/MAPK signaling pathway induced by MCAO/R injury. To explore its underlying mechanism of the neuroprotective effect, transcriptome sequencing was introduced to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). By function enrichment and PPI network analyses, Sptbn1 was identified as a node gene in the network regulated by GM1 treatment. In the MCAO/R model of rats and oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) model of primary culture of rat cortical neurons, we first found that SPTBN1 was involved in the attenuation of I/R induced neuronal injury after GM1 administration. In SPTBN1-knockdown SH-SY5Y cells, the treatment with GM1 (20 μM) significantly increased SPTBN1 level. Moreover, OGD/R decreased SPTBN1 level in SPTBN1-overexpressed SH-SY5Y cells. These results indicated that GM1 might achieve its potent neuroprotective effects by regulating inflammatory response, cell apoptosis, and cytomembrane and cytoskeleton signals through SPTBN1. Therefore, SPTBN1 may be a potential target for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Wei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; School of Life Science, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Cheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Yan Sun
- Qilu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ji'nan 250104, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Xing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Yong Zhao
- Qilu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ji'nan 250104, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Liu
- School of Life Science, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xing-Juan Fan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cai-Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Ando H, Komura N. Recent progress in the synthesis of glycosphingolipids. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2024; 78:102423. [PMID: 38184907 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
To accelerate the biological study and application of the diverse functions of glycosphingolipids (GSLs), the production of structurally defined GSLs has been greatly demanded. In this review, we focus on the recent developments in the chemical and chemoenzymatic synthesis of GSLs. In the chemical synthesis section, the syntheses based on glucosyl ceramide cassette, late-stage sialylation, and diversity-oriented strategies for GSLs or ganglioside synthesis are highlighted, which delivered terpioside B, fluorescent sialyl lactotetraosyl ceramide, and analogs of lacto-ganglio-series GSLs, respectively. In the chemoenzymatic synthesis section, the synthesis of ganglioside GM1 by multistep one-pot multienzyme method and the total synthesis of highly complex ganglioside LLG-5 using a water-soluble lactosyl ceramide as a key substrate for enzymatic sialylation are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromune Ando
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Naoko Komura
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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Biricioiu MR, Sarbu M, Ica R, Vukelić Ž, Kalanj-Bognar S, Zamfir AD. Advances in Mass Spectrometry of Gangliosides Expressed in Brain Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1335. [PMID: 38279335 PMCID: PMC10816113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides are highly abundant in the human brain where they are involved in major biological events. In brain cancers, alterations of ganglioside pattern occur, some of which being correlated with neoplastic transformation, while others with tumor proliferation. Of all techniques, mass spectrometry (MS) has proven to be one of the most effective in gangliosidomics, due to its ability to characterize heterogeneous mixtures and discover species with biomarker value. This review highlights the most significant achievements of MS in the analysis of gangliosides in human brain cancers. The first part presents the latest state of MS development in the discovery of ganglioside markers in primary brain tumors, with a particular emphasis on the ion mobility separation (IMS) MS and its contribution to the elucidation of the gangliosidome associated with aggressive tumors. The second part is focused on MS of gangliosides in brain metastases, highlighting the ability of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-MS, microfluidics-MS and tandem MS to decipher and structurally characterize species involved in the metastatic process. In the end, several conclusions and perspectives are presented, among which the need for development of reliable software and a user-friendly structural database as a search platform in brain tumor diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Roxana Biricioiu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300224 Timisoara, Romania; (M.R.B.); (M.S.); (R.I.)
- Faculty of Physics, West University of Timisoara, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mirela Sarbu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300224 Timisoara, Romania; (M.R.B.); (M.S.); (R.I.)
| | - Raluca Ica
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300224 Timisoara, Romania; (M.R.B.); (M.S.); (R.I.)
| | - Željka Vukelić
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Svjetlana Kalanj-Bognar
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Alina D. Zamfir
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300224 Timisoara, Romania; (M.R.B.); (M.S.); (R.I.)
- Department of Technical and Natural Sciences, “Aurel Vlaicu” University of Arad, 310330 Arad, Romania
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Girych M, Kulig W, Enkavi G, Vattulainen I. How Neuromembrane Lipids Modulate Membrane Proteins: Insights from G-Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) and Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs). Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2023; 15:a041419. [PMID: 37487628 PMCID: PMC10547395 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Lipids play a diverse and critical role in cellular processes in all tissues. The unique lipid composition of nerve membranes is particularly interesting because it contains, among other things, polyunsaturated lipids, such as docosahexaenoic acid, which the body only gets through the diet. The crucial role of lipids in neurological processes, especially in receptor-mediated cell signaling, is emphasized by the fact that in many neuropathological diseases there are significant deviations in the lipid composition of nerve membranes compared to healthy individuals. The lipid composition of neuromembranes can significantly affect the function of receptors by regulating the physical properties of the membrane or by affecting specific interactions between receptors and lipids. In addition, it is worth noting that the ligand-binding pocket of many receptors is located inside the cell membrane, due to which lipids can even modulate the binding of ligands to their receptors. These mechanisms highlight the importance of lipids in the regulation of membrane receptor activation and function. In this article, we focus on two major protein families: G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and discuss how lipids affect their function in neuronal membranes, elucidating the basic mechanisms underlying neuronal function and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykhailo Girych
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Waldemar Kulig
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Giray Enkavi
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilpo Vattulainen
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Cheng YJ, Fan F, Zhang Z, Zhang HJ. Lipid metabolism in malignant tumor brain metastasis: reprogramming and therapeutic potential. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:861-878. [PMID: 37668244 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2255377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brain metastasis is a highly traumatic event in the progression of malignant tumors, often symbolizing higher mortality. Metabolic alterations are hallmarks of cancer, and the mask of lipid metabolic program rearrangement in cancer progression is gradually being unraveled. AREAS COVERED In this work, we reviewed clinical and fundamental studies related to lipid expression and activity changes in brain metastases originating from lung, breast, and cutaneous melanomas, respectively. Novel roles of lipid metabolic reprogramming in the development of brain metastasis from malignant tumors were identified and its potential as a therapeutic target was evaluated. Published literature and clinical studies in databases consisting of PubMed, Embase, Scopus and www.ClinicalTrials.gov from 1990 to 2022 were searched. EXPERT OPINION Lipid metabolic reprogramming in brain metastasis is involved in de novo lipid synthesis within low lipid availability environments, regulation of lipid uptake and storage, metabolic interactions between brain tumors and the brain microenvironment, and membrane lipid remodeling, in addition to being a second messenger for signal transduction. Although some lipid metabolism modulators work efficiently in preclinical models, there is still a long way to go from laboratory to clinic. This area of research holds assurance for the organ-targeted treatment of brain metastases through drug-regulated metabolic targets and dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jie Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Fan
- Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Jun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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McCombe PA, Hardy TA, Nona RJ, Greer JM. Sex differences in Guillain Barré syndrome, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy and experimental autoimmune neuritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1038411. [PMID: 36569912 PMCID: PMC9780466 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1038411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Guillain Barré syndrome (GBS) and its variants, and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP and its variants, are regarded as immune mediated neuropathies. Unlike in many autoimmune disorders, GBS and CIDP are more common in males than females. Sex is not a clear predictor of outcome. Experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) is an animal model of these diseases, but there are no studies of the effects of sex in EAN. The pathogenesis of GBS and CIDP involves immune response to non-protein antigens, antigen presentation through non-conventional T cells and, in CIDP with nodopathy, IgG4 antibody responses to antigens. There are some reported sex differences in some of these elements of the immune system and we speculate that these sex differences could contribute to the male predominance of these diseases, and suggest that sex differences in peripheral nerves is a topic worthy of further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela A. McCombe
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,*Correspondence: Pamela A. McCombe,
| | - Todd A. Hardy
- Department of Neurology, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Brain & Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert J. Nona
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Judith M. Greer
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Lunghi G, Fazzari M, Ciampa MG, Mauri L, Di Biase E, Chiricozzi E, Sonnino S. Regulation of signal transduction by gangliosides in lipid rafts: focus on GM3-IR and GM1-TrkA interactions. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:3124-3132. [PMID: 36331354 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between gangliosides and proteins belonging to the same or different lipid domains and their influence on physiological and pathological states have been analysed in detail. A well-known factor impacting on lipid-protein interactions and their biological outcomes is the dynamic composition of plasma membrane. This review focuses on GM1 and GM3 gangliosides because they are an integral part of protein-receptor complexes and dysregulation of their concentration shows a direct correlation with the onset of pathological conditions. We first discuss the interaction between GM3 and insulin receptor in relation to insulin responses, with an increase in GM3 correlating with the onset of metabolic dysfunction. Next, we describe the case of the GM1-TrkA interaction, relevant to nerve-cell differentiation and homeostasis as deficiency in plasma-membrane GM1 is known to promote neurodegeneration. These two examples highlight the fact that interactions between gangliosides and receptor proteins within the plasma membrane are crucial in controlling cell signalling and pathophysiological cellular states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lunghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Fazzari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Ciampa
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
| | - Erika Di Biase
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
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