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Paksoy T, Ustaoğlu G, Şehirli AÖ, Ünsal RBK, Sayıner S, Orhan K, Aycı NB, Çetinel Ş, Aksoy U. Evaluation of the oxytocin effect in a rat model with experimental periodontitis. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 395:1599-1608. [PMID: 36114855 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02293-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the inhibitory effects of oxytocin on the development of periodontitis based on its properties against bone loss and resorption. Thirty-two Wistar albino rats were divided into four equal groups: control, periodontitis + saline, periodontitis + 0.5 mg/kg/day oxytocin, and periodontitis + 1 mg/kg/day oxytocin. Periodontitis groups received 4.0 silk ligatures around their cervixes of the right and left mandibular incisors in an "8" shape, kept for 14 days. Animals in oxytocin groups were injected once every day during 14 days with oxytocin. The mandibles were fixed and scanned using microcomputed tomography to quantify bone resorption and volumetric measurements. Blood samples were collected to analyze the concentrations of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), receptor activator of nuclear factor-κΒ ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Histopathological evaluations were conducted to examine the gingiva and alveolar bone. Oxytocin prevented the development of periodontitis by decreasing ligament deteriorations and leukocytes in the gingival connective tissue and promoting reintegration with the alveolar bone. Bone resorption in all regions was less in the periodontitis + 1 mg/kg/day oxytocin group than in the periodontitis + saline group. Although TNF-α, IL-6, and RANKL values were lower in the periodontitis + 1 mg/kg/day oxytocin group, OPG was higher than that in the periodontitis + saline group. M-CSF, MMP-8, and MDA were lower in the oxytocin groups than in the periodontitis + saline group. Oxytocin may be an effective agent for periodontal diseases because it decreased bone resorption, oxidative stress, and inflammation in an experimental periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğçe Paksoy
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, İstanbul Atlas University, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Gülbahar Ustaoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Gülhane Faculty of Dentistry, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Özer Şehirli
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Revan Birke Koca Ünsal
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Kyrenia, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Serkan Sayıner
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Kaan Orhan
- Department of DentoMaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurdan Bülbül Aycı
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Şule Çetinel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Umut Aksoy
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Mersin 10, Turkey
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Bian Z, Xu F, Liu H, Du Y. Ursolic Acid Ameliorates the Injury of H9c2 Cells Caused by Hypoxia and Reoxygenation Through Mediating CXCL2/NF-κB Pathway. Int Heart J 2022; 63:755-762. [PMID: 35831147 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.21-807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) has been reported to possess several biological benefits, such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, antibacterial, and neuroprotective functions. This study detects the function and molecular mechanism of UA in H9c2 cells under hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R) conditions.Under H/R stimulation, the effects of UA on H9c2 cells were examined using ELISA and western blot assays. The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database was employed to analyze the target molecule of UA. Small interfering RNA was used to knock down CXCL2 expression, further exploring the function of CXCL2 in H/R-induced H9c2 cells. The genes related to the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway were assessed using western blot analysis.Significant effects of UA on H/R-induced H9c2 cell damage were observed, accompanied by reduced inflammation and oxidative stress injury. Additionally, the increased level of CXCL2 in H/R-induced H9c2 cells was reduced after UA stimulation. Moreover, CXCL2 knockdown strengthened the beneficial effect of UA on H/R-induced H9c2 cells. HY-18739, an activator of the NF-κB pathway, can increase CXCL2 expression. Moreover, the increased levels of p-P65 NF-κB and p-IκBα in H/R-induced H9c2 cells were remarkably attenuated by UA treatment.In summary, the results indicated that UA may alleviate the damage of H9c2 cells by targeting the CXCL2/NF-κB pathway under H/R conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongrui Bian
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University
| | - Yimeng Du
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University
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Momenabadi S, Vafaei AA, Zahedi Khorasani M, Vakili A. Pre-Ischemic Oxytocin Treatment Alleviated Neuronal Injury via Suppressing NF-κB, MMP-9, and Apoptosis Regulator Proteins in A Mice Model of Stroke. CELL JOURNAL 2022; 24:337-345. [PMID: 35892233 PMCID: PMC9315214 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2022.7884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to determine the effects of pre-ischemic administration of oxytocin (OXT) on neuronal injury and possible molecular mechanisms in a mice model of stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, stroke was induced in the mice by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 60 minutes and 24 hours of reperfusion. OXT was given as intranasal daily for 7 consecutive days before ischemic stroke. Neuronal damage, spatial memory, and the expression levels of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and apoptosis were assessed 24 hours after stroke. RESULTS Pre-ischemic treatment with OXT significantly reduced the infarct size (P<0.01); but did not recover the neurological and spatial memory dysfunction (P>0.05). Moreover, OXT treatment considerably decreased the expressions of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, and MMP-9 (P<0.001) and enhanced the level of BDNF protein. OXT treatment also significantly downregulated Bax expression and overexpressed Bcl-2 proteins. CONCLUSION The finding of this study indicated that administration of OXT before ischemia could limit brain injury by inhibiting MMP-9 expression, apoptosis, inflammatory signaling pathways, and an increase in the BDNF protein level. We suggested that OXT may be potentially useful in the prevention and/or reducing the risk of the cerebral stroke attack, and could be offered as a new prevention option in the clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahein Momenabadi
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Vafaei
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Zahedi Khorasani
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Abedin Vakili
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran,P.O.Box: 3513138111Department of PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineSemnan University of Medical SciencesSemnanIran
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Wei D, Li R, Si T, He H, Wu W. Screening and bioinformatics analysis of key biomarkers in acute myocardial infarction. Pteridines 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/pteridines-2020-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the most severe manifestation of coronary artery disease. Considerable efforts have been made to elucidate its etiology and pathology, but the genetic factors that play a decisive role in the occurrence of AMI are still unclear. To determine the molecular mechanism of the occurrence and development of AMI, four microarray datasets, namely, GSE29111, GSE48060, GSE66360, and GSE97320, were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We analyzed the four GEO datasets to obtain the differential expression genes (DEGs) of patients with AMI and patients with non-AMI and then performed gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, and Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. A total of 41 DEGs were identified, including 39 upregulated genes and 2 downregulated genes. The enriched functions and pathways of the DEGs included the inflammatory response, neutrophil chemotaxis, immune response, extracellular space, positive regulation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) transcription factor activity, response to lipopolysaccharide, receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) receptor binding, innate immune response, defense response to bacterium, and receptor activity. The cytoHubba plug-in in Cytoscape was used to select the most significant hub gene from the PPI network. Ten hub genes were identified, and GO enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were mainly enriched in inflammatory response, neutrophil chemotaxis, immune response, RAGE receptor binding, and extracellular region. In conclusion, this study integrated four datasets and used bioinformatics methods to analyze the gene chips of AMI samples and control samples and identified DEGs that may be involved in the occurrence and development of AMI. The study provides reliable molecular biomarkers for AMI screening, diagnosis, and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wei
- Department of Cardiovasology, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital , Liuzhou , Guangxi Province, 545001 , People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , Guangdong Province, 510405 , People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Si
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , Guangdong Province, 510405 , People’s Republic of China
| | - Hankang He
- Department of Cardiovasology, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital , Liuzhou , Guangxi Province, 545001 , People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Wu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , Guangdong Province, 510405 , People’s Republic of China
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The Effect of Oxytocin on Intracellular Ca 2+ Release in Cardiac Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 34550567 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1759-5_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Ca2+ signaling is vital for the proper functioning of all cells, including cells of the cardiovascular system. Membrane receptors for many hormones trigger intracellular Ca2+ signaling via the activation of phospholipase C and production of inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3). Several research groups have demonstrated the expression of oxytocin (OXT) and oxytocin receptors (OXTR) in the heart and suggested a cardioprotective role of OXT against several pathological conditions. Here we describe the protocol for measuring the effects of oxytocin on intracellular Ca2+ dynamics in newborn rat cardiac myocytes and cardiac fibroblasts maintained in short-term culture.
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Wang SC, Wang YF. Cardiovascular protective properties of oxytocin against COVID-19. Life Sci 2021; 270:119130. [PMID: 33513400 PMCID: PMC7837104 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 has become a worldwide pandemic; however, effective treatment for COVID-19 remains to be established. Along with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), new and old cardiovascular injuries are important causes of significant morbidity and mortality in COVID-19. Exploring new approaches managing cardiovascular complications is essential in controlling the disease progression and preventing long-term complications. Oxytocin (OXT), an immune-regulating neuropeptide, has recently emerged as a strong candidate for treatment and prevention of COVID-19 pandemic. OXT carries special functions in immunologic defense, homeostasis and surveillance. It suppresses neutrophil infiltration and inflammatory cytokine release, activates T-lymphocytes, and antagonizes negative effects of angiotensin II and other key pathological events of COVID-19. Additionally, OXT can promote γ-interferon expression to inhibit cathepsin L and increases superoxide dismutase expression to reduce heparin and heparan sulphate fragmentation. Through these mechanisms, OXT can block viral invasion, suppress cytokine storm, reverse lymphocytopenia, and prevent progression to ARDS and multiple organ failures. Importantly, besides prevention of metabolic disorders associated with atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus, OXT can protect the heart and vasculature through suppressing hypertension and brain-heart syndrome, and promoting regeneration of injured cardiomyocytes. Unlike other therapeutic agents, exogenous OXT can be used safely without the side-effects seen in remdesivir and corticosteroid. Importantly, OXT can be mobilized endogenously to prevent pathogenesis of COVID-19. This article summarizes our current understandings of cardiovascular pathogenesis caused by COVID-19, explores the protective potentials of OXT against COVID-19-associated cardiovascular diseases, and discusses challenges in applying OXT in treatment and prevention of COVID-19. Chemical compounds Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2); atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP); cathepsin L; heparan sulphate proteoglycans (HSPGs); interferon; interleukin; oxytocin; superoxide dismutase; transmembrane serine protease isoform 2 (TMPRSS2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephani C Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Yu-Feng Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Oxytocin ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury by inhibiting mast cell degranulation and inflammation in the rat heart. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 128:110358. [PMID: 32526456 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxytocin (OT) has shown a cardioprotective effect on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI). This study aimed to investigate whether the cardioprotective effect of OT is associated with the inhibition of mast cell degranulation and inflammation. METHODS The left anterior descending coronary artery of rats was ligated for 30 min and reperfused for 120 min to establish an ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury model. A preliminary experiment was conducted to evaluate the optimal dose of OT (0.01, 0.1, 1 μg/kg via intraperitoneal). The mast cell secretagogue compound 48/80 (C48/80) was used to promote the degranulation of mast cells with or without I/R injury, while rats were pretreated with OT to determine whether this compound suppresses mast cell degranulation. The expression of the inflammatory factors HMGB1 and NF-κB p65 was evaluated. A cell experiment was performed for verification. RESULTS C48/80 (0.5 mg/kg, intravenous) increased mast cell degranulation and tryptase release compared with I/R-treated alone (27.12 ± 3.52 % vs. 16.57 ± 2.23 %; 8.34 ± 1.66 ng/mL vs. 3.63 ± 0.63 ng/mL), but these effects could be decreased by OT (0.1 μg/kg, intraperitoneal) preconditioning (19.29 ± 0.74 %; 5.37 ± 0.73 ng/mL). Besides that, hemodynamic disorders, arrhythmias, cardiac edema, infarct size, histopathological damage, and the levels of cTnI, HMGB1 and NF-κB p65 were significantly increased in I/R-treated group compared with corresponding observations in the control group, and C48/80 exacerbated these injuries, but pretreatment with OT could ameliorate these effects. Furthermore, C48/80 (10 μg/mL) inhibited the viability and promoted the apoptosis of H9C2(2-1) and RBL-2H3 cells, and increased the release of cTnI and tryptase, all of which were reversed by prophylactic OT (0.01 ng/mL) treatment. CONCLUSION We concluded that OT pretreatment inhibits the degranulation of cardiac mast cells induced by I/R injury and downregulates the expression of the inflammatory factors HMGB1 and NF-κB p65.
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Arabacı Tamer S, Üçem S, Büke B, Güner M, Karaküçük AG, Yiğit N, Şirvancı S, Çevik Ö, Ercan F, Yeğen BÇ. Regular moderate exercise alleviates gastric oxidative damage in rats via the contribution of oxytocin receptors. J Physiol 2020; 598:2355-2370. [PMID: 32266969 DOI: 10.1113/jp279577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS A moderate level of exercise has beneficial effects for the prevention of gastric ulcers. Although regular aerobic exercise was shown to elevate serum oxytocin levels and exogenously administered oxytocin exerts an anti-ulcer activity, the role of endogenous oxytocin in the gastroprotective effects of exercise has not yet been elucidated. We showed that increased anxiety and oxidative gastric damage induced by gastric ulcers were reversed in pre-exercised rats, while reduced hypothalamic oxytocin expression and decreased myenteric oxytocin receptor expression due to gastric ulcers were abolished by exercise. We also reported that the blockade of oxytocin receptors exaggerated gastric damage in exercised rats with ulcers. Our data establish that endogenous oxytocin is the key mediator in the beneficial effects of regular physical activity in alleviating gastric injury. ABSTRACT Exercise increases serum oxytocin levels and exogenous oxytocin exerts an anti-ulcer activity; but the role of oxytocin in the protective effects of exercise against gastric ulcers has not yet been evaluated. This study was designed to investigate the impact of regular swimming exercise on oxidative gastric injury, and the role of oxytocin receptor activity in the anxiolytic and anti-inflammatory actions of exercise. Adult Wistar albino rats of both sexes performed swimming exercise (30 min/day, 5 days) or stayed sedentary. At the end of the 6-week exercise/sedentary protocol, rats were injected intraperitoneally with atosiban (0.1 mg/kg/day) or saline for 4 days. On the 5th day, under anaesthesia, acetic acid (ulcer) or saline (sham) was applied onto the gastric serosa and the treatments were continued. On the 9th day, anxiety levels were determined; gastric blood flow was measured, and blood, gastric and brain tissues were obtained. Induction of ulcers in sedentary rats increased anxiety and serum corticosterone levels; but reduced gastric blood flow and resulted in apoptosis and oxidative gastric damage with increased cytokine expressions. However, when ulcers were induced in pre-exercised rats, behavioural and biochemical alterations due to gastric damage were reversed. The inhibition of oxytocin receptors by atosiban exaggerated pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions and gastric lipid peroxidation in the stomachs of exercised rats with ulcers. When rats had regularly exercised prior to ulcer induction, reductions in the immunolabelling of hypothalamic oxytocin and myenteric oxytocin receptors were abolished, suggesting that exercise-induced alleviation of gastric injury may involve the reversal of down-regulated oxytocinergic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevil Arabacı Tamer
- Departments of Physiology and Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Selen Üçem
- Departments of Physiology and Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Berk Büke
- Departments of Physiology and Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Güner
- Departments of Physiology and Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Alp Giray Karaküçük
- Departments of Physiology and Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Niyazi Yiğit
- Departments of Physiology and Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Serap Şirvancı
- Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Özge Çevik
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Feriha Ercan
- Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Berrak Ç Yeğen
- Departments of Physiology and Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Angiogenic Potential of Bone Marrow Derived CD133 + and CD271 + Intramyocardial Stem Cell Trans- Plantation Post MI. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010078. [PMID: 31892273 PMCID: PMC7016579 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Bone marrow (BM)-derived stem cells with their various functions and characteristics have become a well-recognized source for the cell-based therapies. However, knowledge on their therapeutic potential and the shortage for a cross-link between distinct BM-derived stem cells, primed after the onset of myocardial infarction (MI), seems to be still rudimentary. Therefore, the post-examination of the therapeutic characteristics of such primed hematopoietic CD133+ and mesenchymal CD271+ stem cells was the object of the present study. Methods and Results: The effects of respective CD133+ and CD271+ mononuclear cells alone as well as in the co-culture model have been explored with focus on their angiogenic potential. The phenotypic analysis revealed a small percentage of isolated cells expressing both surface markers. Moreover, target stem cells isolated with our standardized immunomagnetic isolation procedure did not show any negative alterations following BM storage in regard to cell numbers and/or quality. In vitro network formation relied predominantly on CD271+ stem cells when compared with single CD133+ culture. Interestingly, CD133+ cells contributed in the tube formation, only if they were cultivated in combination with CD271+ cells. Additional to the in vitro examination, therapeutic effects of the primed stem cells were investigated 48 h post MI in a murine model. Hence, we have found a lower expression of transforming growth factor βeta 3 (TGFβ3) as well as an increase of the proangiogenic factors after CD133+ cell treatment in contrast to CD271+ cell treatment. On the other hand, the CD271+ cell therapy led to a lower expression of the inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion: The interactions between CD271+ and CD133+ subpopulations the extent to which the combination may enhance cardiac regeneration has still not been investigated so far. We expect that the multiple characteristics and various regenerative effects of CD271+ cells alone as well as in combination with CD133+ will result in an improved therapeutic impact on ischemic heart disease.
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Guo LY, Yang F, Peng LJ, Li YB, Wang AP. CXCL2, a new critical factor and therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. Clin Exp Hypertens 2019; 42:428-437. [PMID: 31752549 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2019.1693585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Ya Guo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Nanhua Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Fang Yang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, university of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Li-Jun Peng
- Medical Record Statistics Office and Library, The Pediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Bing Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
- National key Discipline of Human Anatomy, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Ping Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Nanhua Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
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Ali II, Al-Salam S, Howarth FC, Shmygol A. Oxytocin induces intracellular Ca 2+ release in cardiac fibroblasts from neonatal rats. Cell Calcium 2019; 84:102099. [PMID: 31614270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.102099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Pituitary neuropeptide oxytocin is increasingly recognised as a cardiovascular hormone, in addition to its many regulatory roles in other organ systems. Studies in atrial and ventricular myocytes from the neonatal and adult rats have identified synthesis of oxytocin and the expression of oxytocin receptors in these cells. In cardiac fibroblasts, the most populous non-myocyte cell type in mammalian heart, the oxytocin receptors have not been described before. In the present study, we have investigated the direct effects of oxytocin on intracellular Ca2+ dynamics in ventricular myocytes and fibroblasts from new born rats. In myocytes, oxytocin increased the frequency of spontaneous Ca2+ transients and decreased their amplitude. Our data suggest that oxytocin receptors are also present and functional in the majority of cardiac fibroblasts. We used selective oxytocin receptor inhibitor L-371,257 and a number of intracellular Ca 2+ release blockers to investigate the mechanism of oxytocin induced Ca2+ signalling in cardiac fibroblasts. Our findings suggest that oxytocin induces Ca2+ signals in cardiac fibroblasts by triggering endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release via inositol trisphosphate activated receptors. The functional significance of the oxytocin induced Ca2+ signalling in cardiac fibroblasts, especially for their activation into secretory active myofibroblasts, remains to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifrah I Ali
- Departments of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, PO Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Suhail Al-Salam
- Departments of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, PO Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Frank C Howarth
- Departments of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, PO Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anatoliy Shmygol
- Departments of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, PO Box 17666, United Arab Emirates.
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A DNA-based fluorescent reporter maps HOCl production in the maturing phagosome. Nat Chem Biol 2018; 15:1165-1172. [PMID: 30531966 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-018-0176-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Phagocytes destroy pathogens by trapping them in a transient organelle called the phagosome, where they are bombarded with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Imaging reactive species within the phagosome would directly reveal the chemical dynamics underlying pathogen destruction. Here we introduce a fluorescent, DNA-based combination reporter, cHOClate, which simultaneously images hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and pH quantitatively. Using cHOClate targeted to phagosomes in live cells, we successfully map phagosomal production of a specific ROS, HOCl, as a function of phagosome maturation. We found that phagosomal acidification was gradual in macrophages and upon completion, HOCl was released in a burst. This revealed that phagosome-lysosome fusion was essential not only for phagosome acidification, but also for providing the chloride necessary for myeloperoxidase activity. This method can be expanded to image several kinds of ROS and RNS and be readily applied to identify how resistant pathogens evade phagosomal killing.
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13
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Bulut EC, Abueid L, Ercan F, Süleymanoğlu S, Ağırbaşlı M, Yeğen BÇ. Treatment with oestrogen-receptor agonists or oxytocin in conjunction with exercise protects against myocardial infarction in ovariectomized rats. Exp Physiol 2018; 101:612-27. [PMID: 26958805 DOI: 10.1113/ep085708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Could the activation of oxytocin or oestrogen receptors be protective against myocardial injury after ovariectomy? If so, would exercising have an additional ameliorating effect? What is the main finding and its importance? The results revealed that when accompanied by exercise, both oestrogen receptor agonists and oxytocin improved cardiac dysfunction, inhibited the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduced myocardial injury in ovariectomized female rats, suggesting a new approach for protecting postmenopausal women against ischaemia-induced myocardial injury. To investigate the putative protective effects of oxytocin or oestrogen receptor agonists against myocardial injury of ovariectomized sedentary or exercised rats, female Sprague-Dawley rats assigned to sham-operated control and ovariectomized (OVX) groups were kept sedentary or undertook swimming exercise for 4 weeks and were treated with saline, an oestrogen receptor (ER) β (DPN) or ERα agonist (PPT) or oxytocin. Ovariectomy increased weight gain and anxiety in sedentary rats, whereas exercise prevented weight gain. When accompanied by exercise, both ER agonists and oxytocin inhibited weight gain and anxiety; oxytocin, in the absence or presence of exercise, increased the left ventricular diastolic dimensions and ejection fraction, whereas ER agonists also increased left ventricular diameter when given to exercised rats. Upon the induction of myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion in the OVX rats, plasma creatine kinase-(muscle-brain) was depressed by PPT and oxytocin, whereas DPN, PPT and OT reduced plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 concentrations. The increased tumour necrosis factor-α concentration in OVX rats was also suppressed by exercise or DPN, PPT or oxytocin treatments, whereas the interleukin-6 concentration was diminished by all the treatments when given in conjunction with exercise. Disorganization of cardiac muscle fibres was reduced in all exercised rats. Oestrogen receptor agonists, as well as oxytocin, in conjunction with exercise may be effective new therapeutics to protect against myocardial ischaemia in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erman Caner Bulut
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Leyla Abueid
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Feriha Ercan
- Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selami Süleymanoğlu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ağırbaşlı
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berrak Ç Yeğen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Yuan L, Liu S, Bai X, Gao Y, Liu G, Wang X, Liu D, Li T, Hao A, Wang Z. Oxytocin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in microglial cells and attenuates microglial activation in lipopolysaccharide-treated mice. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:77. [PMID: 27075756 PMCID: PMC4831099 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Overactivated microglia is involved in various kinds of neurodegenerative diseases. Suppression of microglial overactivation has emerged as a novel strategy for treatment of neuroinflammation-based neurodegeneration. In the current study, anti-inflammatory effects of oxytocin (OT), which is a highly conserved nonapeptide with hormone and neurotransmitter properties, were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Methods BV-2 cells and primary microglia were pre-treated with OT (0.1, 1, and 10 μM) for 2 h followed by LPS treatment (500 ng/ml); microglial activation and pro-inflammatory mediators were measured by Western blot, RT-PCR, and immunofluorescence. The MAPK and NF-κB pathway proteins were assessed by Western blot. The intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) was determined using Fluo2-/AM assay. Intranasal application of OT was pre-treated in BALB/C mice (adult male) followed by injected intraperitoneally with LPS (5 mg/kg). The effect of OT on LPS-induced microglial activation and pro-inflammatory mediators was measured by Western blot, RT-PCR, and immunofluorescence in vivo. Results Using the BV-2 microglial cell line and primary microglia, we found that OT pre-treatment significantly inhibited LPS-induced microglial activation and reduced subsequent release of pro-inflammatory factors. In addition, OT inhibited phosphorylation of ERK and p38 but not JNK MAPK in LPS-induced microglia. OT remarkably reduced the elevation of [Ca2+]i in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells. Furthermore, a systemic LPS-treated acute inflammation murine brain model was used to study the suppressive effects of OT against neuroinflammation in vivo. We found that pre-treatment with OT showed marked attenuation of microglial activation and pro-inflammatory factor levels. Conclusions Taken together, the present study demonstrated that OT possesses anti-neuroinflammatory activity and might serve as a potential therapeutic agent for treating neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yuan
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Bai
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangheng Liu
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueer Wang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Dexiang Liu
- Department of Medical Psychology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Aijun Hao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China.
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