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Noriega Muro ST, Cucina A. Periodontitis and alveolar resorption in human skeletal remains: The relationship between quantitative alveolar bone loss, occlusal wear, antemortem tooth loss, dental calculus and age at death in a low socioeconomic status, modern forensic human collection from Yucatan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PALEOPATHOLOGY 2024; 45:7-17. [PMID: 38447473 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper assesses the relationship between the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and alveolar crest and risk factors commonly associated with periodontitis. MATERIALS Eighty individuals between 28 and 92 years old with known biological sex and age were analyzed from a 20th century forensic human collection from Merida, Yucatan (Mexico). METHODS Macroscopic assessment, along with metric analysis, was employed using a probe. RESULTS Ante-mortem tooth loss was positively correlated with the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and alveolar crest, as was the presence of root calculus in females. CONCLUSIONS Cemento-enamel junction to alveolar crest distance is not a reliable indicator of periodontitis since it is not directly related to periodontitis-causing infectious pathogens, and since ante-mortem tooth loss can affect root exposure. SIGNIFICANCE This study demonstrates that a purely quantitative approach to diagnosing periodontitis in archaeological and forensic human remains can be misleading. LIMITATIONS The skeletal collection is only representative of the low socioeconomic class of Merida, and its female cohort is underrepresented. In addition, because the Xoclan collection is modern, limitations (particularly with respect to tooth wear) of the applicability of these interpretations to older archaeological remains exist. SUGGESTION FOR FURTHER RESEARCH A combination of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of alveolar bone is needed to reliably diagnose periodontitis in skeletal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Thamara Noriega Muro
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Calle 61A, N. 492A, Centro, Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97000, México
| | - Andrea Cucina
- Facultad de Ciencias Antropológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 1, Carretera Mérida-Tizimín, Cholul, Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97305, Mexico.
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Gupta S, Mukhiya S, Kafle A, Ghimire S, Acharya UK. Tooth Mobility among Patients visiting a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2023; 61:30-35. [PMID: 37203917 PMCID: PMC10089032 DOI: 10.31729/jnma.7945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that results in the destruction of supporting tissue and bone leading to tooth mobility. Tooth mobility if untreated can lead to tooth loss. However, very few studies exist for its assessment. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of tooth mobility among patients visiting a tertiary care centre. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals visiting a tertiary care dental hospital from 1st April to 30th June 2022 after obtaining ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 2202202202). Individuals more than 13 years who gave consent and fulfilled the study criteria were enrolled. Tooth mobility was assessed using Lindhe and Nyman's classification. Proforma also included demographics, simplified oral hygiene index, gingival index, body mass index, and smoking status. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results Among 163 patients, 65 (39.88%) patients (32.36-47.40, 95% Confidence Interval) had tooth mobility. Conclusions The prevalence of tooth mobility was higher than in studies done in similar settings. Keywords periodontitis; prevalence; tooth mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujaya Gupta
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Duwakot, Bhaktapur, Nepal
| | - Sangya Mukhiya
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Duwakot, Bhaktapur, Nepal
| | - Anuja Kafle
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Duwakot, Bhaktapur, Nepal
| | - Subina Ghimire
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Duwakot, Bhaktapur, Nepal
| | - Usha Kiran Acharya
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Duwakot, Bhaktapur, Nepal
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Dhami B, Thapaliya KB, Shrestha DK, Bhandari B, Gupta S. Periodontal Disease in Patients Visiting a Tertiary Care Dental Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2021; 59:384-391. [PMID: 34508519 PMCID: PMC8369601 DOI: 10.31729/jnma.6463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Periodontitis is chronic disease leading to tooth loss. Oral hygiene practices combined with regular dental examinations keep oral cavity disease free and maintain periodontal health. The primary objective was to find out the prevalence of periodontal disease of patients measured by the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index and Community Periodontal Index. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in department of Periodontics of a tertiary care dental hospital from April to June 2019 after obtaining ethical clearance and informed consent. Participants were recruited by convenience sampling and 183 sample size was calculated. Proforma included demographics, Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, Community Periodontal Index, body mass index, and smoking status. Data were entered in Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23 and descriptive statistics were presented as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Results: Prevalence of periodontal disease corresponding to loss of attachment 1, 2, 3, and 4 was found to in 104 (56.83%) participants. Simplified Oral Hygiene Index score was 1.67±0.89 with “fair” status in majority 114 (62.30%). Gingivitis (Community Periodontal Index 1, 2) was seen in 136 (74.32%). The mean age was 36.37±14.43 years of which 92 (50.27%) were female but smoking was more in males. Conclusions: This study suggests deteriorating periodontal health related to age, sex, oral hygiene,
smoking, and BMI. As updated information on oral and periodontal health in Nepal is limited, this assessment would help the national policy makers on oral health intervention measures to prevent periodontitis and develop future programs to improve oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhageshwar Dhami
- Department of Periodontics, Kantipur Dental College, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | | | | | - Sujaya Gupta
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Kathmandu Medical College, Bhaktapur, Nepal
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Dicembrini I, Serni L, Monami M, Caliri M, Barbato L, Cairo F, Mannucci E. Type 1 diabetes and periodontitis: prevalence and periodontal destruction-a systematic review. Acta Diabetol 2020; 57:1405-1412. [PMID: 32318875 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-020-01531-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Data about the association between periodontal disease or periodontitis (PD), diabetes and hyperglycemia have been reported mostly in patients with type 2 diabetes. Conversely, information about PD in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is relatively scarce. The aim of this meta-analysis is therefore: (1) to assess the prevalence and severity of PD in patients affected by T1DM in comparison with the general population and (2) to verify the association between severity of PD and glycemic control in type 1 diabetics. METHODS An electronic search was performed on MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Trials and EMBASE, up to October 31, 2019. Estimates of prevalence of PD in T1DM were calculated together with Mantel-Haenszel odds ratios (MH-OR) of the risk of PD associated with T1DM; weighed mean difference in CAL between T1DM and control and weighed mean difference in CAL in patients with T1DM and unsatisfactory glycemic control as compared with those in good glycemic control were also evaluated.. RESULTS The prevalence of PD in type 1 diabetes was 18.5 [8.0; 37.1] %; the MH-OR for PD is 2.51 (1.32;4.76) in T1DM patients versus general population (p = 0.005). The weighed mean difference in CAL depth between T1DM patients and controls is 0.506 [0.181; 0.832] mm (p < 0.005), and in T1DM patients with good glycemic control CAL depth is - 0.71 [- 1.00; - 0.42] mm less deep than in subjects with HbA1c > 7%. CONCLUSIONS The present data confirm that T1DM is a relevant risk factor for the development of PD. The proportion of patients affected by PD is more than doubled in subjects with T1DM in comparison with non-diabetic individual, and among patients with T1DM, PD seems to be more severe and the differences appear very wide between subjects in optimal and suboptimal glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Dicembrini
- Diabetes Unit, Careggi Teaching Hospital, Largo Brambilla 3, 50127, Florence, Italy
| | - Lapo Serni
- Research Unit in Periodontology and Periodontal Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Monami
- Diabetes Unit, Careggi Teaching Hospital, Largo Brambilla 3, 50127, Florence, Italy
| | - Mariasmeralda Caliri
- Diabetes Unit, Careggi Teaching Hospital, Largo Brambilla 3, 50127, Florence, Italy
| | - Luigi Barbato
- Research Unit in Periodontology and Periodontal Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Cairo
- Research Unit in Periodontology and Periodontal Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Edoardo Mannucci
- Diabetes Unit, Careggi Teaching Hospital, Largo Brambilla 3, 50127, Florence, Italy.
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Owczarek JE, Lion KM, Radwan‐Oczko M. The impact of stress, anxiety and depression on stomatognathic system of physiotherapy and dentistry first-year students. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01797. [PMID: 32862554 PMCID: PMC7559601 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is well proven that psychoemotional factors play causative role in development of many civilization diseases. Psychosocial stress is effecting with development of certain oral parafunctions like teeth grinding, bruxism, or cheeks biting. Eventually, all of those parafunctional activities may cause increase of masticatory muscles tone and provoke its intensification. Literature indicates that students must cope with greater level of stressful situations than the average representative of the society. METHODS The research group comprised Ist-year physiotherapy and dentistry students from University School of Physical Education in Wroclaw and Wroclaw Medical University. The study consisted the following: psychological and health questionnaires, and stomatological examination with masseter muscles' electromyography. RESULTS In intraoral examination, symptoms of parafunctions were more frequently observed in physiotherapy students. The mean tone of masseters was higher also among physiotherapy students. The level of perceived stress was high in both groups, and the experienced borderline and incorrect results in Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were more frequently observed in dentistry students. The mean tone of masseter muscle was rising with the level of anxiety in physiotherapy group. Among dentistry, the tendency for rise of masseter muscle tone together with level of anxiety and depression was observed. CONCLUSIONS Physiotherapy and dentistry beginners differ between each other's by prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and oral parafunction symptoms. The level of perceived stress is high in both groups. The level of experienced anxiety and depression is higher in dentistry group. In both study groups, there is significant growth and tendency for simultaneous rise of masseter muscle tone accordingly to stress, anxiety, and depression indicators.
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Armitage GC. A brief history of periodontics in the United States of America: Pioneers and thought-leaders of the past, and current challenges. Periodontol 2000 2019; 82:12-25. [PMID: 31850629 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This paper summarizes historical events in periodontology in the United States over the past 200 years. The contributions of some of the key thought-leaders of the past are highlighted. Throughout the 20th century, the evolution of thought, leading to the views currently held regarding the pathogenesis and treatment of periodontal diseases, was significantly influenced by: (1) major changes in health-care education; (2) the emergence of periodontics as a specialty of dentistry; (3) the publication of peer-reviewed journals with an emphasis on periodontology; (4) formation of the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR); and (5) expansion of periodontal research programs by the NIDCR. The two major future challenges facing periodontal research are development of a better understanding of the ecological complexities of host-microbial interactions in periodontal health and disease, and identification of the relevant mechanisms involved in the predictable regeneration of damaged periodontal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary C Armitage
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Uwitonze AM, Uwambaye P, Isyagi M, Mumena CH, Hudder A, Haq A, Nessa K, Razzaque MS. Periodontal diseases and adverse pregnancy outcomes: Is there a role for vitamin D? J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 180:65-72. [PMID: 29341890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown a relationship between maternal periodontal diseases (PDs) and premature delivery. PDs are commonly encountered oral diseases which cause progressive damage to the periodontal ligament and alveolar bones, leading to loss of teeth and oral disabilities. PDs also adversely affect general health by worsening of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Moreover, maternal PDs are thought to be related to increasing the frequency of preterm-birth with low birth weight (PBLBW) in new-borns. Prematurity and immaturity are the leading causes of prenatal and infant mortality and is a major public health problem around the world. Inflamed periodontal tissues generate significantly high levels of proinflammatory cytokines that may have systemic effects on the host mother and the fetus. In addition, the bacteria that cause PDs produce endotoxins which can harm the fetus. Furthermore, studies have shown that microorganisms causing PDs can get access to the bloodstream, invading uterine tissues, to induce PBLBW. Another likely mechanism that connects PDs with adverse pregnancy outcome is maternal vitamin D status. A role of inadequate vitamin D status in the genesis of PDs has been reported. Administration of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy could reduce the risk of maternal infections and adverse pregnancy outcomes. As maternal PDs are significant risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcome, preventive antenatal care for pregnant women in collaboration with the obstetric and dental professions are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Marie Uwitonze
- Department of Preventive & Community Dentistry, University of Rwanda College of Medicine & Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Peace Uwambaye
- Department of Preventive & Community Dentistry, University of Rwanda College of Medicine & Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Moses Isyagi
- Department of Preventive & Community Dentistry, University of Rwanda College of Medicine & Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Chrispinus H Mumena
- Department of Preventive & Community Dentistry, University of Rwanda College of Medicine & Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Alice Hudder
- Department of Biochemistry, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, USA
| | - Afrozul Haq
- Department of Food Technology, School of Interdisciplinary Sciences & Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Kamrun Nessa
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed S Razzaque
- Department of Preventive & Community Dentistry, University of Rwanda College of Medicine & Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, Kigali, Rwanda; Department of Applied Oral Sciences, Forsyth Institute, Harvard School of Dental Medicine Affiliate, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, USA.
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Prevalence and Determinants of Chronic periodontitis in HIV positive patients in Nigeria. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(14)60578-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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