Co-occurrence of intraoral hemangioma and port wine stain: A rare case

Port-Wine Stains and Intraoral Hemangiomas: A Case Series

Port-wine stains (PWSs), also called port-wine birthmarks or nevus flammeus, are hamartomatous vascular capillary malformations that clinically appear as erythematous areas on the buccal mucosa, vermilion border of the lip, gingiva, or pink to port-wine-colored patches on skin since birth and persist throughout life. On the face, they occur in the area supplied by the trigeminal nerve. PWSs have structural abnormalities of the intradermal capillaries. PWSs on the skin and oral mucosa contain ectatic capillaries in the dermis and submucosa, respectively. PWSs occur anywhere, and the oral mucosa is no exception. PWSs on the facial skin lead to cosmetic disfigurement and create social stigma. Clinically, PWSs start as flat, pink, or red patches and may darken, thicken, and develop nodules over time. The diagnosis of PWSs is primarily clinical. PWSs are complex vascular malformations with significant clinical, psychosocial, and therapeutic challenges. This article enlightens a series of cases of PWSs on the facial skin and capillary hemangioma on the gingiva, buccal mucosa, and lip diagnosed by a diascopy test, etiopathogenesis, differential diagnosis, and management of PWSs.

Examination of oral hemangiomas by intraoral ultrasonography

OBJECTIVES

Oral hemangioma is a benign vascular tumor characterized by the presence of numerous blood vessels. We aimed to examine the clinical and ultrasonographic findings of patients diagnosed with oral hemangioma in our ultrasonography (USG) archive, retrospectively.

METHODS

This study was conducted by examining 20 patients diagnosed with oral hemangioma and underwent USG examination in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology of Atatürk University Faculty of Dentistry from 2016 to 2020. All patients had intraoral and radiographic examinations. Patients pre-diagnosed clinically oral hemangioma were evaluated as intraoral with USG. The intraoral USG examinations were performed using both the B-mode and the color Doppler mode.

RESULTS

The mean age of the patients was 42.4 ± 19.14 years; 16 patients were female and four were male. The lesions were mostly observed on the alveolar mucosa (30%), followed by the buccal mucosa (25%), the lower lip (15%), the mouth floor (15%), the tongue (15%). In intraoral USG examinations of all oral hemangiomas, we detected submucosal located, well-defined, lobulated, non-capsule, hypo-isoechoic, heterogeneous lesion areas. Additionally, while we detected only peripheral blood flow in 6 (30%) of 20 patients, we detected both internal and peripheral blood flow in 14 (70%).

CONCLUSIONS

In our study, the examination of the oral hemangiomas with the intraoral probe and the color Doppler mode was very helpful in the differential diagnosis. Although histopathology has an important place in definitive diagnosis, particularly intraoral USG can provide sufficient information for the diagnosis of oral hemangiomas.