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Shadmani A, Ercal O, Uzun S, Swarup A, Wu AY. Regenerated Corneal Epithelium Expresses More βIII-Tubulin After Chemical Injuries Compared to Mechanical Injuries. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2023; 12:12. [PMID: 38085248 PMCID: PMC10720757 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.12.12.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Defining the regenerative response following various types of corneal chemical and mechanical injuries is important for understanding the pathophysiology of the injury and evaluating the effectiveness of the therapies. This study characterizes corneal epithelial healing in a murine chemical and mechanical injury model. Methods Four groups of 10 mice each received complete corneolimbal injuries by AlgerBrush, AlgerBrush/thermal, NaOH (0.5 N), or ethanol. Slit-lamp and optical coherence tomography examinations were performed daily for 14 days. Corneal opacity (CO) and neovascularization (NV) were evaluated. The origin of the regenerated epithelium was illustrated by anti-cytokeratin 12 (K12) and anti-K13. The height of regenerated corneal epithelium and intraepithelial free nerve endings (FNEs) stained with anti-βIII-tubulin were measured. The amount of fibrosis was measured by anti-α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) monoclonal antibody in the different groups. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA and t-test. Results Corneal opacity and neovascularization were markedly higher in the NaOH and AlgerBrush/thermal groups. Molecular studies revealed the following: Regenerated corneal epithelium thickness was less than normal in all groups, the AlgerBrush group had the shortest height of the regenerated epithelium, βIII-tubulin was expressed in the entire height of corneal epithelium in all groups except in the AlgerBrush group, and K12 was replaced by K13 in all groups. Conclusions Corneal wound healing is more effective following chemical injuries in terms of epithelial thickness. Inflammation may play an important role in the outcome. Translational Relevance Inflammation following different injuries may be redirected to be more effective in corneal regeneration and clarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athar Shadmani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ozlem Ercal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Salih Uzun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aditi Swarup
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Albert Y. Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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2
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Shadmani A, Jarin T, Meng XQ, Rajaendran Y, Uzun S, Wu AY. Evaluation of the Algerbrush II rotating burr as a tool for inducing ocular surface failure in a mouse model. Mol Vis 2023; 29:256-265. [PMID: 38222449 PMCID: PMC10784216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The Algerbrush II has been widely used to induce corneal and limbal injuries in animal models. The extent of injury varies with the duration of exposure, pressure from the placement of the burr, and the size of the burr. However, no study has explored the correlation between the duration of exposure and the severity of injury in mouse model with corneal and limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) induced using the Algerbrush II. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the variations in the severity of corneal and limbal injury with different durations of the Algerbrush II application. Methods The entire cornea and limbus of C57BL/6 mice were injured for 30-45 s, 60-75 s, 90-120 s, and 3-4 min. Photography and slit-lamp examination was performed on days 0, 2, 4, and 7, followed by hematoxylin & eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, and immunohistochemical staining. Statistical analysis was performed using one way ANOVA analysis. Results A duration of 30-45 s of injury was found to be sufficient to induce superficial corneal and limbal epithelial debridement and re-epithelialization was completed in all eyes by day 7; however, clinical signs of LSCD were not observed in all mice. Increasing the exposure time to 90-120 s resulted in central 2+ corneal opacity with limbal and paracentral corneal neovascularization. All eyes injured for 3-4 min displayed clinical signs of LSCD, such as persistent epithelial defects on day 7 after the injury, central corneal neovascularization, and 2.2+ diffuse corneal opacity. Histological signs of LSCD, including goblet cell metaplasia and K13 expression on the corneal surface, were observed in all injured eyes. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the duration of injury is an important factor influencing the severity of LSCD in a murine model of injury. A 1-mm rotating burr was found to be more effective for keratectomy and pigment release, whereas a 0.5-mm burr was more suitable for corneal epithelial debridement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athar Shadmani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Trent Jarin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Xiang Qi Meng
- McGill University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yugendran Rajaendran
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Engineering and School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Salih Uzun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Albert Y. Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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3
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Chen B, Fang XW, Wu MN, Zhu SJ, Zheng B, Liu BQ, Wu T, Hong XQ, Wang JT, Yang WH. Artificial intelligence assisted pterygium diagnosis: current status and perspectives. Int J Ophthalmol 2023; 16:1386-1394. [PMID: 37724272 PMCID: PMC10475638 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2023.09.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Pterygium is a prevalent ocular disease that can cause discomfort and vision impairment. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective management. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has shown promising potential in assisting clinicians with pterygium diagnosis. This paper provides an overview of AI-assisted pterygium diagnosis, including the AI techniques used such as machine learning, deep learning, and computer vision. Furthermore, recent studies that have evaluated the diagnostic performance of AI-based systems for pterygium detection, classification and segmentation were summarized. The advantages and limitations of AI-assisted pterygium diagnosis and discuss potential future developments in this field were also analyzed. The review aims to provide insights into the current state-of-the-art of AI and its potential applications in pterygium diagnosis, which may facilitate the development of more efficient and accurate diagnostic tools for this common ocular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang Chen
- School of Information Engineering, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Smart Management and Application of Modern Agricultural Resources, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xin-Wen Fang
- School of Information Engineering, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Smart Management and Application of Modern Agricultural Resources, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mao-Nian Wu
- School of Information Engineering, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Smart Management and Application of Modern Agricultural Resources, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shao-Jun Zhu
- School of Information Engineering, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Smart Management and Application of Modern Agricultural Resources, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- School of Information Engineering, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Smart Management and Application of Modern Agricultural Resources, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bang-Quan Liu
- College of Digital Technology and Engineering, Ningbo University of Finance & Economics, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Huzhou Institute, Zhejiang University of Technology, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiang-Qian Hong
- Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518040, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian-Tao Wang
- Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518040, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei-Hua Yang
- Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518040, Guangdong Province, China
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Zhang J, Qin B, Liu B, Sun D, Liang C, Wang S, Yang M, Zhu R. Prevalence and associated factors for pterygium in a Chinese rural population with type 2 diabetes in a cross-sectional study: Jiangsu Diabetic Eye Disease Study (JDEDS). Int Ophthalmol 2023; 43:411-422. [PMID: 35947253 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-022-02438-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the pterygium prevalence and evaluate risk factors of pterygium in rural type 2 diabetic (D2M) patients aged 50 years and above in Funing Country, Jiangsu Province, China. METHODS A cross-sectional ophthalmic survey was conducted in type 2 diabetes mellitus (D2M) patients aged ≥ 50 years in Funing County, Jiangsu Province, China, which was named Jiangsu Diabetic Eye Disease Study (JDEDS). All participants underwent a comprehensive questionnaire and ocular examination. Pterygium was diagnosed by slit lamp examination. The risk factors associated with pterygium were evaluated with logistic regression models. RESULTS The prevalence of pterygium was 22.37% (n = 427) and 95% confidence interval (CI) (20.50-24.24%) in D2M patients aged 50 years and above in JDEDS. The prevalence of pterygium was 18.32% (95% CI 15.33-21.32%) in men and 24.43% (95% CI 22.06-26.80%) in women. Women had a higher prevalence than men (p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed, for male participants with D2M, pterygium was independently associated with increasing age [70-79 years: OR and 95% CI 2.49(1.20-5.18), p = 0.014; ≥ 80 years: 4.84(2.04-11.47), p < 0.001], while cigarette smoking was the protective factors, especially in current smoker [OR and 95% CI 0.79(0.67-0.92); p = 0.003]. For female participants with D2M, age [60-69 years OR and 95% CI 1.68(1.07-2.62), p = 0.023; 70-79 years: 2.62(1.69-4.06), p < 0.001; ≥ 80 years:3.24(1.70-5.90), p < 0.001], hypertension [OR and 95% CI 1.40(1.05-1.87), p = 0.024], BMI 24-27.9 [OR and 95% CI 1.20(1.00-1.44), p = 0.047], higher HbA1c [(5.6-7.9) % OR and 95% CI 1.42(1.10-1.82), p = 0.006; (8.0-9.9) %: 1.32(1.10-1.58), p = 0.003] were risk factors. CONCLUSIONS D2M patients aged over 50 years has a high prevalence of pterygium in JDEDS. The pterygium prevalence is higher in female D2M participants. Diabetes and related factors may be risk factors of pterygium in female D2M patients. Further studies are needed to explore the gender difference in the pathogenesis of pterygium in D2M subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Bai Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Bihong Liu
- Funing Shizhuang Eye Hospital, Yancheng, 224000, China
| | - Dajun Sun
- Funing Shizhuang Eye Hospital, Yancheng, 224000, China
| | - Congkai Liang
- Funing County Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Yancheng, 224000, China
| | - Shiyi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Rongrong Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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Omar AR, Ibrahim M, Jaafar H, Siti-Azrin AH, Zunaina E. Evaluation of Cyclooxygenase-2 and p53 Expression in Pterygium Tissue Following Preoperative Intralesional Ranibizumab Injection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:733523. [PMID: 35004714 PMCID: PMC8739785 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.733523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and p53 are the postulated aetiopathogenesis in pterygium. VEGF is responsible for the induction of COX-2 expression, whereas p53 plays an important role in the regulation of VEGF. This study aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemistry of COX-2 and p53 expressions from excised pterygium tissue from patients who received intralesional ranibizumab (anti-VEGF) injection 2 weeks prior to pterygium surgery. Materials and Methods: An interventional comparative study involving patients presenting with primary pterygium was conducted between September 2015 and November 2017. The patients were randomized into either the intervention or control group. Patients in the intervention group were injected with intralesional ranibizumab (0.5 mg/0.05 ml) 2 weeks prior to surgery. Both groups underwent pterygium excision followed by conjunctival autograft. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed to evaluate COX-2 and p53 expressions in the excised pterygium tissue. Results: A total of 50 patients (25 in both the intervention and control groups) were recruited. There were 34 (68%) patients with grade III pterygium and 16 (32%) patients with grade IV pterygium. There was statistically significant difference in reduction of COX-2 expression in the epithelial layer [84.0% (95% CI: 63.9, 95.5)] (p = 0.007) and stromal layer [84.0% (95% CI: 63.9, 95.5)] (p < 0.001) between intervention and control groups. There was no significant difference in the reduction of p53 expression between the two groups. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the possible use of intralesional anti-VEGF treatment prior to pterygium excision as a potential future modality of adjunctive therapy for pterygium surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Razif Omar
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Mohtar Ibrahim
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.,Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Hasnan Jaafar
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.,Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Ab Hamid Siti-Azrin
- Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Embong Zunaina
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.,Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
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6
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Alsarhani W, Alshahrani S, Showail M, Alhabdan N, Alsumari O, Almalki A, Alsarhani A, Alluhaidan A, Alqahtani B. Characteristics and recurrence of pterygium in Saudi Arabia: a single center study with a long follow-up. BMC Ophthalmol 2021; 21:207. [PMID: 33975560 PMCID: PMC8111970 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-021-01960-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study described the clinical features of patients with pterygium and analyzed the recurrence rate of conjunctival autografting alone, conjunctival autografting combined with intraoperative mitomycin C, and amniotic membrane grafting. Methods A retrospective cohort study of primary pterygium was conducted between January 2017 and February 2020. Factors associated with pterygium severity and recurrence were analyzed by univariate analysis and logistic regression models. Results The study included 292 patients with an average age of 53.3 ± 14.1 years, while the number of operated cases was 94. Pterygia involving the cornea were observed in 55 % of the cases. The overall rate of recurrence for the three procedures was 17 %. The average time of recurrence was 14.2 ± 11.9 months, with 37 % of the recurrences occurring after the first year. The only factor associated with a significant risk of recurrence was dry eye disease in both univariate (p = 0.021) and multivariate analysis (p = 0.026). The recurrence rates following conjunctival autografting with and without mitomycin C were 15.6 and 15.8 %, respectively. The recurrence rate following the amniotic membrane graft was twofold (OR= 2.02) (27 %) that following the conjunctival autograft (15.8 %). Conclusions The only factor associated with the recurrence of pterygium was dry eye disease. More than one-third of recurrences developed after the first year, which stresses the importance of a long follow-up. The recurrence rate in our study following conjunctival graft was slightly higher compared to the literature mainly due to differences in study areas, populations, and follow-up periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Alsarhani
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Ophthalmology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Showail
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf Alhabdan
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Alsumari
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Almalki
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Adel Alluhaidan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Alqahtani
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Cornea, Anterior Segment and Refractive Surgery Department, University of Ottawa Eye Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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7
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Qadi R, AlAmri A, Elnashar M, Sarriyah JF, Alghamdi AH, Fahad Alsolami K, Almalki AM, Alotaibi F. Prevalence of Pterygium and Associated Risk Factors in the High-Altitude Area of Ta'if City, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2021; 13:e12638. [PMID: 33489628 PMCID: PMC7805513 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.12638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pterygium is an important public health problem. The prevalence rates of this disease varies widely from 1.2% to 23.4%. Aim To determine the prevalence rates and the associated risk factors of pterygium in the high-altitude area - Ta’if city, Saudi Arabia. Material and method A cross-sectional study was carried out from September 2018 till September 2019 at the ophthalmology outpatient clinics of King Abdul-Aziz Specialist Hospital, Ta’if area. Results Prevalence rate of pterygium in the high-altitude area, Ta’if city, Saudi Arabia was 2.4%. It is significantly higher in older patients belonging to the age group of more than 40 years. As for gender, it was significantly higher in male patients compared to females (2.6% vs. 1.9%). Pterygium prevalence was significantly higher among patients with outdoor occupations compared to indoor occupations (2.9% vs. 2.1%), and among patients with sunlight exposure during daily activities for more than 5 hours (2.6% vs. 2%) (p =< 0.05). Conclusion The overall incidence of pterygium in Al-Ta’if area, Saudi Arabia, was 2.4% but still lower than overall worldwide incidence (10.2%). There was an increased incidence of pterygium with age, high-altitude areas, rural areas, outdoor occupations, which is directly proportional to dose of sunlight exposure. Furthermore, smoking might be reported as a protective factor against pterygium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruba Qadi
- Ophthalmology, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | - Ahmed AlAmri
- Ophthalmology, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Taif, SAU
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Faisal Alotaibi
- Ophthalmology, King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Taif, SAU
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Kassie Alemayehu T, Addis Y, Yenegeta Bizuneh Z, Mulusew Tegegne M, Alemayehu AM. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Pterygium Among Adults Living in Kolla Diba Town, Northwest Ethiopia. Clin Ophthalmol 2020; 14:245-255. [PMID: 32099312 PMCID: PMC6996295 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s239982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pterygium is a disfiguring disease that can potentially lead to blindness. It is more common in warm, windy and dry climates of tropical and sub-tropical regions of Africa. Globally, the prevalence ranging from 0.07% to 53%. Studies conducted on the prevalence of pterygium in developing countries were limited with a wider discrepancy between them. In this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of pterygium and its associated factors among adults in Kolla Diba town. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was done in Kolla Diba town from May 30-June 16, 2019. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 627 study participants. The basic ophthalmic examination was performed using portable slit lamp, 3x magnifying loop with torch light and a pretested structured questionnaire was completed. The data entered into EPI INFO version 7 and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis were employed. P-values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results A total of 605 study participants were involved with a response rate of 96.5%. Among them, 317 (52.4%) participants were males. The mean age of the respondents was 38.18 ± 15.56 with a range of (18–95) in years. The overall prevalence of pterygium was 112 (18.5% (95% CI (15.6–21.7)). Being widowed (AOR = 7.32 (95% CI: 2.88, 18.57)), outdoor occupation (AOR = 2.50 (95% CI: 1.46, 4.29)), sun exposure (AOR = 2.38 (95% CI: 1.28, 4.43)), wind exposure (AOR = 1.97 (95% CI: 1.04, 3.72)), alcohol drinking (AOR = 2.26 (95% CI: 1.48, 4.63)), and severe blepharitis (AOR = 2.45 (95% CI: 1.48, 4.05)) had statistically significant positive association with pterygium. Conclusion The prevalence of pterygium was relatively higher. Being widowed, outdoor occupation, sun exposure, wind exposure, alcohol drinking, and severe blepharitis were significantly associated with the development of pterygium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibebu Kassie Alemayehu
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar City, Ethiopia
| | - Yezinash Addis
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar City, Ethiopia
| | - Zewdu Yenegeta Bizuneh
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar City, Ethiopia
| | - Mebratu Mulusew Tegegne
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar City, Ethiopia
| | - Abiy Maru Alemayehu
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar City, Ethiopia
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Denis E, Pauline A, Charity Z, Pius M, Jacob N, Agaba CA. Pterygium in Uganda: A hospital-based study. COGENT MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/2331205x.2020.1724602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Erima Denis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Makerere University College of Health Science Uganda
| | - Ayebare Pauline
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mulago National Referral Hospital Uganda
| | - Zalwango Charity
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mulago National Referral Hospital Uganda
| | - Mwanja Pius
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mulago National Referral Hospital Uganda
| | - Ntende Jacob
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mulago National Referral Hospital Uganda
| | - C. Ateenyi Agaba
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mulago National Referral Hospital Uganda
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10
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Prevalence and risk factors of pterygium: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Surv Ophthalmol 2018; 63:719-735. [DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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11
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Lawan A, Hassan S, Ifeanyichukwu EP, Yahaya HB, Sani RY, Habib SG, Shuaib A, Eme O. The astigmatic effect of pterygium in a Tertiary Hospital in Kano, Nigeria. Ann Afr Med 2018; 17:7-10. [PMID: 29363629 PMCID: PMC5810095 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_13_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aims to determine the effect of pterygium excision on the degree of corneal induced astigmatism and visual acuity. Patients and Methods: This was a prospective interventional study conducted between September 2012 and June 2013. Consecutive patients with pterygium who met the inclusion criteria were recruited into the study. They had a basic eye examination, and those with existing comorbidity were excluded. Selected patients had pterygium excision using the bare sclera technique with intraoperative application of Mitomycin C. Detailed pre- and post-operative evaluation and refraction was done. Results: There were 45 eyes of 33 patients aged 28–75 years. The mean age was 56.12 + 12.38 years. Six eyes had Grade I, 29 eyes had Grade II and 10 eyes had Grade III pterygium. The mean value for preoperative astigmatism was 2.12 ± 1.09 diopter cylinder (DC) while that for postoperative astigmatism was 0.72 ± 0.50 DC (P = 0.000). Surgery was associated with statistically significant increase in postoperative visual acuity. (P = 0.000). Conclusion: This study has shown that the degree of pterygium-induced astigmatism reduces significantly following surgical excision. Pterygium excision was associated with improvement in visual acuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdu Lawan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences Bayero University Kano/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Sadiq Hassan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences Bayero University Kano/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | | | - Hadi Bala Yahaya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Murtala Mohammed Specialist Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Rabi Yahaya Sani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences Bayero University Kano/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Saudat Garba Habib
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences Bayero University Kano/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Abdulsalam Shuaib
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences Bayero University Kano/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Okpo Eme
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
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Hashemi H, Khabazkhoob M, Yekta A, Jafarzadehpour E, Ostadimoghaddam H, Kangari H. The prevalence and determinants of pterygium in rural areas. J Curr Ophthalmol 2016; 29:194-198. [PMID: 28913510 PMCID: PMC5587244 DOI: 10.1016/j.joco.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the prevalence of pterygium and its determinants in the underserved, rural population of Iran. Methods In this cross-sectional study of 3851 selected individuals, 86.5% participated in the study, and the prevalence of pterygium was evaluated in 3312 participants. A number of villages were selected from the north and south of Iran using multistage cluster sampling. Pterygium was diagnosed by the ophthalmologist using slit-lamp examination. Results The mean age of the study participants was 37.3 ± 21.4 years (2–93 years), and 56.3% (n = 1865) of them were women. The prevalence of pterygium was 13.11% [95%confidence interval (CI):11.75–14.47]. The prevalence of pterygium was 14.99 (95%CI:12.79–17.19) in men and 12.07 (95%CI:10.3–13.84) in women. Pterygium was not seen in children below the age of 5 years. The prevalence of pterygium increased linearly with age; the lowest and highest prevalence of pterygium was observed in the age group 5–20 years (0.19%) and 61–70 years (28.57%). Evaluation of the relationship between pterygium with age, sex, educational level, and place of living using a multiple model showed that age, living in the south of Iran, and low educational level were correlated with pterygium. Conclusion The prevalence of pterygium was significantly higher in Iranian villages when compared with the results of previous studies. This finding may represent the effect of a rural lifestyle and its risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Hashemi
- Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khabazkhoob
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbasali Yekta
- Department of Optometry, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Hadi Ostadimoghaddam
- Refractive Errors Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Haleh Kangari
- School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Pterygium is a fibrovascular growth of the bulbar conjunctiva that crosses the limbus and extends over the peripheral cornea, in some cases resulting in significant visual morbidity. When treatment is indicated, surgery is necessary, and several management options exist. These include excision, conjunctival autografting, and the use of adjuvant therapies. This paper reviews the incidence and prevalence of pterygia and also describes the various techniques currently used to treat this condition. These management options are compared to the use of dry amniotic membrane grafting (AMG), specifically with regard to recurrence rates, time to recurrence, safety and tolerability, as well as patient factors including cosmesis and quality of life. AMG has been used in the treatment of ocular surface disease due to a variety of benefits, including its anti-inflammatory properties, as well as its ability to promote epithelial growth and suppress transforming growth factor-β signaling and fibroblast proliferation. However, rates of recurrence for AMG following pterygium excision still surpass other commonly used techniques, including conjunctival and limbal autografting. Nevertheless, there are circumstances in which AMG may be most beneficial to the patient, such as when preexisting conjunctival scarring is present, when the conjunctiva must be spared for future glaucoma filtering surgery, or in cases of large or double-headed pterygia. Therefore, surgeons should be prepared to offer this procedure as an option to their patients for the treatment of pterygia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gelareh S Noureddin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sonia N Yeung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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