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Naser AY, Al-shehri H. Admissions Due to Perinatal Respiratory and Cardiovascular Disorders in England. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:199-207. [PMID: 36714239 PMCID: PMC9879026 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s396406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to look into the rates of perinatal admissions for respiratory, cardiac, and cardiovascular diseases in England. Methods This ecological study was conducted in England. The Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) database in England provided the study with the publicly accessible data. The data set for this study was considered between April 01, 2012 and April 01, 2020. The HES database contains information on patients' admissions to hospitals, notably for those hospitalised with perinatal cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. We used the chi-squared test to assess the difference between the hospital admission rates between 2012 and 2020. Results An increase of 15.6% was observed in hospital admissions rate during the study period [from 10,940.37 (95% CI 10,865.99-11,014.75) in 2012 to 12,649.00 (95% CI 12,565.03-12,732.98) in 2020 per 100,000 people, p<0.05]. Intrauterine hypoxia, chest congestion and breathing-related respiratory distress of newborns, and other perinatal respiratory disorders accounted for 35.5%, 29.8%, and 21.3%, respectively. Males contributed for more than half of them (56.7%). The rate of hospital admission among males increased by 15.1% [from 12,227.79 (95% CI 12,118.83-12,336.74) in 2012 to 14,074.77 (95% CI 13,952.11-14,197.43) in 2020 per 100,000 persons, p<0.05]. The rate of hospital admission among females increased by 17.4% [from 9,646.15 (95% CI 9,545.31-9,747.00) in 2012 to 11,324.20 (95% CI 11,209.47-11,438.92) in 2020 per 100,000 persons, p<0.05]. Conclusion The study's findings show that the most common causes of hospital admissions for respiratory and cardiovascular disorders were intrauterine hypoxia, neonatal respiratory distress, and other perinatal respiratory issues, which were detected particularly during the perinatal period. Further research is warranted to identify risk factors of hospital admissions for respiratory and cardiovascular disorders during the perinatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Y Naser
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan,Correspondence: Abdallah Y Naser, Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan, Tel +962795285555, Email
| | - Hassan Al-shehri
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Ethnobotanical Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Different Rheum Species (Polygonaceae): A Review. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1308:309-352. [PMID: 33861453 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-64872-5_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Today, there is an increased tendency to use herbal remedies. Rhubarb refers to several species of the genus Rheum L. in the Polygonaceae family. This species-rich genus is mainly distributed in Asian countries. Several medicinal effects have been attributed to the Rheum spp. in the traditional and modern medicine such as healing lungs, liver, kidney, womb and bladder diseases, cancer, diabetes, insect bites, relapsing fevers, diarrhea and constipation. Various in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies have investigated the therapeutic effect of extracts, fractions and pure compounds isolated from different species of this genus. Considering the positive findings, several pharmaceutical formulations containing rhubarb extract like capsules, drops, mouthwashes and different topical formulations are now present in the market. However, there are other traditional therapeutic effects of rhubarb that have not been studied yet and it is of great importance to perform confirmatory experiments or clinical investigations. The current review summarizes general information regarding botany, phytochemistry, ethnobotany and pharmacological aspects of Rheum spp. It is hoped that the present review could motivate subsequent research on the other medicinal properties of these plants that have been neglected until today.
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Bano S, Akhtar S, Khan U. Pediatric congenital heart diseases: Patterns of presentation to the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital. Pak J Med Sci 2020; 36:333-337. [PMID: 32292429 PMCID: PMC7150392 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.36.3.1592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To observe presentation of Pediatric congenital cardiac defects to the Emergency Department (ED) of a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of patients under the age of 16 years with congenital cardiac defects presenting to the Emergency Department of Aga Khan University Hospital over a period of eighteen months, from January 2012 to June 2013. Study population was divided into two groups; first group constituted children with undiagnosed congenital cardiac defects, whereas second group constituted children with diagnosed congenial cardiac defects presented to ED. In previously diagnose cases each visit was counted as a separate encounter. Results: Out of 133 children, 44 (33.5%) were diagnosed congenital cardiac disease for the first time (Group-1) in ED, while 89 (66.5%) children were diagnosed cases of congenital heart disease (Group-2). Among Group-1; main reasons for ED visits were cyanosis, cardiac failure, murmur evaluation and cardiogenic shock where as in Group-2; main presentations were cardiac failure, hyper cyanotic spells, gastroenteritis, lower respiratory tract infection, and post-operative issues. There were total 13 deaths. Conclusion: High index of suspicion is necessary for early diagnosis and management of children with congenital heart disease in the pediatric emergency department.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surraiya Bano
- Dr. Surraiya Bano, MBBS, MCPS, FCPS (Peds). Department of Emergency Medicine, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saleem Akhtar
- Dr. Saleem Akhtar, MBBS, MCPS, FCPS (Peds), FCPS (Peds Cardiology) Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Khan
- Dr. Uzma Khan, MBBS. Department of Emergency Medicine, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
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Meng X, Ma J, Kang SY, Jung HW, Park YK. Jowiseungki decoction affects diabetic nephropathy in mice through renal injury inhibition as evidenced by network pharmacology and gut microbiota analyses. Chin Med 2020; 15:24. [PMID: 32190104 PMCID: PMC7066842 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00306-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Jowiseungki decoction (JSD) is a prescription commonly used for the treatment of diabetic complications or diabetic nephropathy (DN) in traditional medicine clinics. However, the underlying therapeutic mechanisms of JSD are still unclear. Methods Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN mice were administered 100 and 500 mg/kg JSD for 4 weeks, and the therapeutic mechanisms and targets of JSD were analyzed by network pharmacology and gut microbiota analyses. Results JSD significantly decreased the increase in food and water intake, urine volume, fasting blood glucose, serum glucose and triglyceride levels, and urinary albumin excretion. JSD administration significantly increased the decrease in insulin secretion and creatinine clearance and reduced the structural damage to the kidney tissues. Moreover, JSD administration significantly inhibited the expression of protein kinase C-alpha (PKC-α), transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the kidney tissues of DN mice, while it significantly increased the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), and protein kinase B (Akt). In the network pharmacological analysis, JSD obviously influenced phosphatase binding, protein serine/threonine kinase, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-related signaling pathways. Our data suggest that JSD can improve symptoms in STZ-induced DN mice through the inhibition of kidney dysfunction, in particular, by regulating the PKCα/PI3K/Akt and NF-κB/α-SMA signaling pathways. Gut microbiota analysis can help to discover the pharmaco-mechanisms of the influence of JSD on bacterial diversity and flora structures in DN. Conclusion JSD can improve the symptoms of DN, and the underlying mechanism of this effect is renal protection through the inhibition of fibrosis and inflammation. JSD can also change bacterial diversity and community structures in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Meng
- 1Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066 Korea.,Experimental Teaching Center, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619 China
| | - Junnan Ma
- 1Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066 Korea
| | - Seok Yong Kang
- 1Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066 Korea
| | - Hyo Won Jung
- 1Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066 Korea
| | - Yong-Ki Park
- 1Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066 Korea
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Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Patients with Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease are Optimal Candidate for Cardiac Tissue Engineering. Biomaterials 2020; 230:119574. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Shojaei Shad F, Haghighi MJ. Study of the effect of the essential oil (extract) of rhubarb stem (shoot) on glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting blood glucose levels in patients with type II diabetes. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2018; 8:24. [PMID: 30474605 PMCID: PMC6254143 DOI: 10.1051/bmdcn/2018080424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a serious chronic disease that can damage the heart, arteries, eyes, kidneys and nerves, leading to death and early disability. Before the discovery of insulin as well as common anti-diabetes drugs, patients with diabetes were treated with medicinal herbs and traditional treatments. One of these effective medicinal herbs is Rhubarb. Rhubarb is prescribed in traditional medicine for various patients, including patients with diabetes. But its effect has not been scientifically reported so far. PURPOSE This study was conducted with the aim to determine the effectiveness of Rhubarb stem extract on HbA1C and fasting blood glucose in patients with type II diabetes. METHOD In this experimental study, 80 patients with type II diabetes mellitus in Zabol diabetes center, aged 30-60 years old with fasting blood glucose greater than 140 mg/d/ were selected. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups (n = 40) of treatment with capsules of Rhubarb stem and placebo after matching the oral medications. The patients in both groups were studied for fasting blood glucose and HbA1C before and after 1 month of conducting the study. RESULTS The mean FBS and HbA1C in rhubarb group before the intervention were 288.80 ± 94.49 and 9.62 ± 1.58, respectively, and after the intervention were 226.42 ± 88.89 and 7.83 ± 1.50, respectively. According to the statistical paired f-test and Wilcoxon test a significant reduction was found in FBS and HbA1C with rhubarb intervention (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION In diabetes mellitus, as many factors affect the level of blood glucose, they also contribute to reducing blood glucose level and preventing complications. Therefore, considering the positive effects of rhubarb, it can be recommended to use rhubarb extract as an additional treatment to reduce blood glucose level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Shojaei Shad
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Maryam Jahantigh Haghighi
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
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Bello Valls ML, Salih HG, El Dadah OM, Alghamdi AA, Alhabshan F, Ismail SR, Yelbuz TM, Kabbani MS. Cardiac recovery and outcome of neonates and infants presenting with severe aortic coarctation and depressed cardiac function. Egypt Heart J 2018; 70:255-260. [PMID: 30591739 PMCID: PMC6303275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehj.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Coarctation of the aorta represents 5–8% of all congenital heart diseases. Children with severe coarctation of the aorta may present with significant depression of myocardial function. The aim of this study is to identify short and midterm outcomes of neonates and infants with isolated coarctation of the aorta and depressed left ventricular systolic function with regard to recovery of their cardiac function. Methods All patients with isolated coarctation of the aorta who underwent surgical repair between December 2002 and December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed in a cohort study. The patients were divided into 2 groups: (1) Patients with depressed left ventricle systolic function who were found to have an ejection fraction and fractional shortening less than 55% and 25%, respectively, (2) Patients with coarctation of the aorta and normal left ventricle systolic function (Control Group). We reviewed both groups after surgery and compared them in terms of their cardiac function recovery. Results 58 patients were included. 25 patients (43%) depressed left ventricle systolic function group, 33 patients (57%) Control Group. There were statistically significant differences in ejection fraction and fractional shortening (p < 0.0001) between the two groups before surgery. Follow-up demonstrated improvement and recovery of ventricular function in most of the patients, six months after surgery there was no more statistical difference between the groups in terms of cardiac function. Conclusion Majority of the patients with isolated coarctation of the aorta and depressed left ventricle systolic function showed improvement of ventricular function within 4 weeks after surgery, except for patients with residual coarctation of the aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria L. Bello Valls
- Section of Pediatric Cardiology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author at: Department of Cardiac Sciences, Section of Pediatric Cardiology (MC: 1420), King Abdulaziz Medical City, PO Box 22490, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hiba G. Salih
- Section of Pediatric Cardiology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M. El Dadah
- Section of Pediatric Cardiology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. Alghamdi
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alhabshan
- Section of Pediatric Cardiology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameh R. Ismail
- Section of Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talat M. Yelbuz
- Section of Pediatric Cardiology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Kabbani
- Section of Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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