1
|
Alnjadat R, Momani EA, Etoom M, Hamdan F, ALrub SA. Level of adherence to diet and physical activity among menopausal women and influencing factors in Jordan: a descriptive cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1333102. [PMID: 38371235 PMCID: PMC10869606 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1333102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background During menopause, a woman's lifestyle may change significantly, which will have implications on her quality of life. Women will experience menopause for more than a third of their life; therefore, maintaining good health during this period is crucial. A healthy diet and physical activity can help women maintain their health during menopause. Hence, assessing adherence to a healthy diet and physical activity among menopausal women is important. Purpose This study aims to assess the degree of adherence to a healthy diet and physical activity of menopausal women in Jordan and determine the most influential factors. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional design was used in this study, and an online self-administered questionnaire was sent to 299 menopausal women selected through simple random sampling. A valid and reliable questionnaire was used to assess the menopausal women's adherence to a healthy diet and physical activity. The questionnaire consisted of 14 items covering two domains: 12 questions for the diet domain and two questions for the physical activity domain. Descriptive statistics were obtained, mean weight and body mass index (BMI) were calculated, and stepwise regression was conducted for the data analysis. Results The overall degree of adherence to a healthy diet and physical activity of the women was moderate (49.25, SD = 7.17). Most of the participants reported eating refined food items once a month or less (n = 188, 62.9%) and not exercising weekly (n = 119, 39.8%), and only a few reported eating refined food items at least once a day (n = 5, 1.7%) and exercising 5-6 times a week (n = 15, 5%). The regression analysis showed that age (B = 0.145, p = 0.014), having two children (B = 0.123, p = 0.034) and completing primary or secondary education (B = 0.120, p = 0.038) were statistically significant and the strongest predictors of adherence. The predictors accounted for 68% of the variance in adherence to a healthy diet and physical activity (R2 = 0.068, F [343.54] = 7.123, p = 0.000). Conclusion The majority of the middle-aged menopausal women in this study showed moderate adherence to a healthy diet and physical activity. Age, having two children and completing primary or secondary education were associated with degree of adherence to a healthy diet and physical activity. Therefore, healthcare intervention, such as physical activity and dietary control programs, should target women in this age group and stage in life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafi Alnjadat
- Department of Applied Health Sciences, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Harinarayan CV, Akhila H, Shanthisree E. Modern India and Dietary Calcium Deficiency-Half a Century Nutrition Data-Retrospect-Introspect and the Road Ahead. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:583654. [PMID: 33889131 PMCID: PMC8056136 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.583654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium and vitamin D are inseparable nutrients required for bone health. In the past half a century, the dietary calcium intake of rural, tribal, and urban India has declined. Though India is the largest producer of milk and cereals, the major source of calcium in India is through non-dairy products. The highest intake of cereals and lowest intake of milk & milk products was observed in rural and tribal subjects whereas, the intake of cereals, milk & milk products were similar in both urban and metropolitan subjects. One of the reasons for lower calcium intake was the proportion of calcium derived from dairy sources. Over the past half a century, the average 30-day consumption of cereals in the rural and urban population has declined by 30%. The Per Capita Cereal Consumption (PCCC)has declined despite sustained raise in Monthly Per capita Consumption Expenditure (MPCE) in both rural and urban households. The cereal consumption was the highest in the lowest income group, despite spending smaller portion of their income, as cereals were supplied through public distribution system (PDS). About 85% of the Indian population are vitamin D deficient despite abundant sunlight. Dietary calcium deficiency can cause secondary vitamin D deficiency. Though India as a nation is the largest producer of milk, there is profound shortage of calcium intake in the diet with all negative consequences on bone health. There is a decline in dietary calcium in the background of upward revision of RDI/RDA. There is a gap in the production-consumption-supply chain with respect to dietary calcium. To achieve a strong bone health across India, it is imperative to have population based strategies addressing different segments including supplementing dietary/supplemental calcium in ICDS, mid-day-meals scheme, public distribution system, educational strategies. Other measures like mass food fortification, biofortification, bioaddition, leveraging digital technologies, investments from corporate sector are some measures which can address this problem. India is a vast country with diverse social, cultural and dietary habits. No single measure can address this problem and requires a multi-pronged strategic approach to tackle the dietary calcium deficiency to achieve strong bone health while solving the problem of nutritional deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chittari Venkata Harinarayan
- Institute of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Thyroid and Osteoporosis Disorders, Sakra World Hospitals, Bangalore, India
- Department of Medicine & Endocrinology, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences University, Chennai, India
| | - Harinarayan Akhila
- IT Industry—Digital Transformation, Information Services Group (ISG), Bangalore, India
| | - Edara Shanthisree
- Institute of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Thyroid and Osteoporosis Disorders, Sakra World Hospitals, Bangalore, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Anupama DS, Norohna JA, Acharya KK, Ravishankar, George A. Effect of exercise on bone mineral density and quality of life among postmenopausal women with osteoporosis without fracture: A systematic review. Int J Orthop Trauma Nurs 2020; 39:100796. [PMID: 33041224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijotn.2020.100796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a progressive disease commonly seen in postmenopausal women which is characterized by decreased bone mass. This is becoming an important public health issue in India. This review aimed to evaluate the effect of exercise on quality of life and bone health status among postmenopausal osteoporotic women. METHODS We searched the following databases: Pubmed-Medline, Proquest, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane Central and PEDro. The review included randomized controlled trials that examined the use of exercise aimed at improving bone mineral density and quality of life in postmenopausal osteoporotic women without a history of fracture. Risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. RESULTS This review suggests exercise is effective in improving the bone mineral density and quality of life of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. The exercise interventions included in the studies were heterogeneous and included: Tai Chi, high intensity aerobic exercises, Modified Eight Section Brocade exercises, progressive slow loading low impact exercises, pilates and closed kinetic exercises. Four studies had a small sample size and in three studies, interventions were for a shorter duration. Meta-analysis could not be performed as the studies were not homogenous. CONCLUSION There is a need to conduct more experimental trials with robust research methods so that a high risk of bias can be avoided. The available evidence supports the positive effects of exercises on postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D S Anupama
- Manipal College of Nursing, MAHE, Manipal, India
| | - Judith A Norohna
- Department of OBG nursing, Manipal college of Nursing, MAHE, Manipal, India.
| | | | - Ravishankar
- Department of Statistics, Prasanna School of Public Health, MAHE, Manipal, India
| | - Anice George
- Manipal College of Nursing, MAHE, Manipal, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Meeta M, Harinarayan CV, Marwah R, Sahay R, Kalra S, Babhulkar S. Clinical Practice Guidelines on Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: *An Executive Summary and Recommendations - Update 2019-2020. J Midlife Health 2020; 11:96-112. [PMID: 33281419 PMCID: PMC7688018 DOI: 10.4103/jmh.jmh_143_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Meeta Meeta
- Co-Director, Chief Consultant Tanvir Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Raman Marwah
- Scientific Advisor, Senior Consultant Endocrinology, International Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Sahay
- Professor, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Sushrut Babhulkar
- Consultant, Trauma and Joint Replacement Surgeon, Sushrut Hospital and Post-Graduate Institute of Orthopaedic, Nagpur, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kapoor N, Cherian KE, Sajith KG, Thomas M, Eapen CE, Thomas N, Paul TV. Renal Tubular Function, Bone Health and Body Composition in Wilson's Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study from India. Calcif Tissue Int 2019; 105:459-465. [PMID: 31317233 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-019-00588-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is limited literature from India with regard to the prevalence and magnitude of renal tubular and bone manifestations in Wilson's disease (WD). Thus, we studied the prevalence of renal tubular acidosis among Indian patients with WD and also evaluated bone health and body composition in them. It was a cross-sectional study conducted at a south Indian tertiary care center. Twenty-five consecutive patients with WD aged more than 12 years attending the hepatology and neurology departments and 50 age, sex and BMI-matched controls were recruited. After clinical assessment, they underwent biochemical testing to assess renal tubular dysfunction. Bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition were assessed using a dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanner. Fifty-six percent (14/25) of patients with WD had renal tubular acidosis (RTA). Of them, 24% were diagnosed to have distal RTA. RTA was more common in hepatic WD patients who had prolonged duration of illness. Patients with WD had significantly lower BMD as compared to control subjects (p < 0.05). Low BMI, low IGF-1 and a shorter duration of therapy were key determinants of low bone mass in them (p < 0.05). Patients with WD had significantly more body fat (p = 0.01) and lower lean muscle mass (p = 0.03) when compared to age, sex and BMI-matched controls. In conclusion, renal tubular acidosis was common in patients with Wilson's disease. These patients had a lower bone mineral density, higher body fat percentage and lower lean muscle mass as compared to controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Kapoor
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632004, India
| | - Kripa Elizabeth Cherian
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632004, India
| | | | - Maya Thomas
- Department of Neurology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | | | - Nihal Thomas
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632004, India
| | - Thomas V Paul
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632004, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Harinarayan CV, Akhila H. Modern India and the Tale of Twin Nutrient Deficiency-Calcium and Vitamin D-Nutrition Trend Data 50 Years-Retrospect, Introspect, and Prospect. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:493. [PMID: 31447775 PMCID: PMC6696513 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D and calcium are essential nutrients for bone health, to achieve peak bone mass and to preserve bone as age advances. A deficiency in these nutrients casts a long shadow in later life in the form of short/long latency diseases-rickets/osteomalacia/osteoporosis. There is scant review available about the trend of these nutrients in India. For over past half a century, the intake of dietary calcium, milk, milk products, and cereals has declined drastically in the background of upward revision of RDA/RDI in modern India. This is attributed to changing lifestyle, inadequate milk consumption across various socio-economic strata, and shift in dietary intake from cereals to rice and wheat. There is a clear rural-urban divide in consumption of milk, milk products and cereals, a change in dietary habits which magnify the calcium and vitamin D deficiency. Revisiting of RDA guidelines for calcium along with public health measures is required to tackle the morbidity arising due to the deficiency in these nutrients. Any measure to addresses this issue in isolation, without achieving the desired benefits, is a disservice to the population. Population based educational strategies, government measures, leveraging technology, adequate sun exposure and food fortification help in tackling the twin nutrient deficiencies in this diverse country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chittari Venkata Harinarayan
- Institute of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Thyroid and Osteoporosis Disorders, Sakra World Hospitals, Bengaluru, India
- Department of Medicine & Endocrinology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences University, Saveetha Medical College, Chennai, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dietary Calcium Intake and Physical Activity Levels Among Urban South Indian Type 2 Diabetic Patients. TOP CLIN NUTR 2019. [DOI: 10.1097/tin.0000000000000166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
8
|
Liu H, Hall JJ, Xu X, Mishra GD, Byles JE. Differences in food and nutrient intakes between Australian- and Asian-born women living in Australia: Results from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. Nutr Diet 2018; 75:142-150. [PMID: 29282841 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine differences in food and nutrient intakes between Australian- and Asian-born women living in Australia. METHODS Data were obtained from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, including 6461 women born in Australia or Asia who completed food frequency questionnaires in 2001 and 2013. Diet was assessed using the Dietary Questionnaire for Epidemiological Studies version 2. Longitudinal generalised estimating-equation modelling was performed to determine the effect of country of birth and survey year on fruit and vegetable intake. RESULTS Asian-born women ate more cereals, soybeans and fish but less vegetables, legumes, dairy, meat and meat products than Australian-born women both in 2001 and in 2013. Asian-born women ate less cereals, rice and noodles, meat and its products (P < 0.05) in 2013 than in 2001. The earlier people came to Australia, the less their rice and noodle intake per day. However, the reverse was demonstrated regarding vegetable intake. Asian-born women had a lower daily intake of fat, calcium, zinc, thiamin, riboflavin, folate and retinol compared with those born in Australia. CONCLUSIONS Asian-born women living in Australia show different food and nutrient intakes from Australian-born women, although their diets tend to deviate from typical Asian characteristics and approach a Western diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huaqing Liu
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - John J Hall
- School of Public Health & Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xiaoyue Xu
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gita D Mishra
- School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Julie E Byles
- Priority Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, School of Medicine and Public Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Raj JP, Venkatachalam S, Shekoba M, Norris JJ, Amaravati RS. Dietary calcium intake and physical activity levels among people living in Karnataka, India - An observational hospital-based study. J Family Med Prim Care 2018; 7:1411-1416. [PMID: 30613534 PMCID: PMC6293932 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_153_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Calcium is the most abundant mineral in our body with varied functions, and its dietary deficiency leads to osteoporosis. Various studies have shown that adequate dietary calcium intake (DCI) and moderately increased physical activity if maintained for long term prevent osteoporosis. The data regarding DCI of people living in Karnataka, south India, are limited. Thus, we aimed to assess DCI, physical activity, and their predictors among people living in Karnataka. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was done among 250 inpatients and normal relatives of orthopedics department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Multistage random sampling was performed. DCI and physical activity were measured using validated questionnaires. Results: The mean (standard deviation) DCI was 499.94 (251.5). The prevalence [95 confidence interval (CI)] of poor intakers of DCI [DCI < Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)] was 76.6% (70.9, 81.7). However, only 43.52% of all participants with poor DCI were on supplements. Male gender [2.189 (1.125, 4.257)], elderly [1.988 (1.067, 3.705)], and low knowledge score [1.240 (1.093, 1.407)] were significant predictors of low DCI. The proportion (95 CI) of patients who were categorized as having low physical activity (LPA) was 44.0% (37.8, 50.4). The predictors for LPA [adjusted odds ratio (95 CI)] were marital status, being single [1.853 (1.047, 3.282)], and low socioeconomic status class [1.209 (1.002, 1.458)]. Conclusion: DCI was below the RDA for three-fourths of our patients with nearly half of them being physically inactive, indicating the need for better education regarding DCI and improving physical activity, all of which can prevent osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Pradeep Raj
- Department of Pharmacology, St. John's Medical College, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Shreeraam Venkatachalam
- Department of Orthopaedics, St. John's Medical College, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahesh Shekoba
- Department of Orthopaedics, St. John's Medical College, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Joshua Jonathan Norris
- III MBBS Part I Medical Student, St. John's Medical College, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajkumar S Amaravati
- Department of Orthopaedics, St. John's Medical College, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Affiliation(s)
- Kripa Elizabeth Cherian
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nitin Kapoor
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thomas Vizhalil Paul
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ranasinghe C, Shettigar PG, Garg M. Dietary Intake, Physical Activity and Body Mass Index among Postmenopausal Women. J Midlife Health 2017; 8:163-169. [PMID: 29307977 PMCID: PMC5753496 DOI: 10.4103/jmh.jmh_33_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Context: Nutrition plays a vital role in the quality of life in postmenopausal women. Aim: The aim is to determine the dietary intake, physical activity, and assess the body mass index (BMI) among postmenopausal women. Settings and Design: A community-based sample survey. Materials and Methods: The present study included 140 postmenopausal women (40–70 years) from Udupi, Manipal areas of Karnataka. The study was carried out between July and December 2013. Sociodemographic data were collected using a questionnaire. Anthropometric data included height, weight, waist, and hip circumference. Dietary intake was determined using 24 h dietary recall. Physical activity information was collected. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 software. Paired t-test was performed to determine the dietary adequacy. Results: Obesity was 42.1% among the study participants. Increased WHR and waist circumference were 82.1% and 77.1%. Mean daily intake of calcium and saturated fatty acids were significantly higher than recommended dietary allowance (RDA) (P < 0.001). Mean intake of energy, protein, carbohydrate, mono and poly unsaturated fatty acid, fiber and sodium were significantly lower than RDA (P < 0.001). Average daily intake of cereals, pulses, roots and tubers, meat and products, fats and oils, green leafy, and other vegetables were significantly (P < 0.001) lower than RDA. Intake of fruits, milk and milk products, and sugar was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than RDA. Only 37.1% of women performed moderate or active exercises regularly. Conclusions: Even though, nutrient and food group deficiencies were observed among postmenopausal women physical inactivity and effects of menopausal transition instigate increased BMI imposing a need to educate on nutrition and physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaya Ranasinghe
- Department of Allied Hospitality Studies, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Pallavi G Shettigar
- Department of Allied Hospitality Studies, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Meenakshi Garg
- Department of Allied Hospitality Studies, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shetty S, Kapoor N, Dian Bondu J, Antonisamy B, Thomas N, Paul TV. Bone turnover markers and bone mineral density in healthy mother-daughter pairs from South India. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2016; 85:725-732. [PMID: 27497063 DOI: 10.1111/cen.13173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Bone turnover markers (BTMs) provide important insights into the dynamics of bone remodelling and are subjected to preanalytical and ethnic variations in addition to influence of genetic and environmental factors. AIM/OBJECTIVES To derive ethnicity specific reference range for BTMs and to study their correlation with Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in a cohort of healthy postmenopausal women and their premenopausal daughters and to look at the impact of maternal bone mineral status on daughters bone health. MATERIAL AND METHODS This community based cross sectional study included 300 subjects (150 mother-daughter pairs). Demographic details were collected. Fasting blood and a second void morning urine samples were obtained for measurement of BTMs (sCTX, sPTNP1, sOC and urine DPD respectively) and bone mineral parameters. BMD was measured by DXA scan. RESULTS Osteoporosis was seen in 44·7% of the postmenopausal women. Ethnicity specific reference ranges of BTMs were derived for the study population. Significant inverse correlation was found between all BTMs (except urine DPD) and BMD(P < 0·05). Daughters of mothers with osteoporosis at spine and femoral neck had lower BMD, compared to daughters of mothers without osteoporosis(P = 0·03 & 0·05). CONCLUSION Apart from deriving the ethnicity specific reference range for BTMs and finding a significant inverse correlation between BTM and BMD, this study found significantly lower BMD in daughters of mothers with osteoporosis at spine and femoral neck implicating the probable interplay of genetic, epigenetic and similar environmental factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahana Shetty
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Nitin Kapoor
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Joseph Dian Bondu
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | | | - Nihal Thomas
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Thomas Vizhalil Paul
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
| |
Collapse
|