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Lee K, Kwon CI, Yeniova AÖ, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Smith L, Lee SW, Rahmati M, Shin JY, Shin JI, Cho W, Yon DK. Global prevalence of functional dyspepsia according to Rome criteria, 1990-2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4172. [PMID: 38378941 PMCID: PMC10879214 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54716-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Although functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common functional gastroduodenal disorder with a high socioeconomic burden, little is known about its global prevalence. Thus, we performed a comprehensive study to estimate long-term trends in the prevalence of FD. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Google Scholar from 1990 to 2022 for population-based studies that reported the prevalence of FD in adults (≥ 18 years old) according to Rome I, II, III, or IV criteria. The prevalence of FD was extracted from included studies to obtain pooled prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and 95% prediction intervals. Subgroup analysis was performed according to certain characteristics, including geographic region. A total of 44 studies met the eligibility criteria, including 256,915 participants from 40 countries across six continents. The overall global pooled prevalence of FD was 8.4% (95% CI 7.4-.9.5). The prevalence was the highest in Rome I (11.9%; 95% CI 5.1-25.4) and lowest in Rome IV (6.8%; 95% CI 5.8-7.9). Developing countries showed a higher prevalence than developed countries (9.1% versus 8.0%), and prevalence was higher in women, irrespective of the definition used (9.0% versus 7.0%). The pooled prevalence gradually decreased from 1990 to 2020 (12.4% [8.2-18.3] in 1990-2002 versus 7.3% [6.1-8.7] in 2013-2020). The prevalence of FD differs by country, economic status, geographical region, and sex, and the global prevalence has been gradually declining. Despite the heterogeneity of sample population, our study estimates the current global burden of FD and provides information to heath care policy decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwanjoo Lee
- Digestive Disease Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Chang-Il Kwon
- Digestive Disease Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Abdullah Özgür Yeniova
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Louis Jacob
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Lariboisière-Fernand Widal Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Seung Won Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Masoud Rahmati
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ju-Young Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Wonyoung Cho
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
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Liu YL, Xu JJ, Han LR, Liu XF, Lin MH, Wang Y, Xiao Z, Huang YK, Ren P, Huang X. Meranzin Hydrate Improves Depression-Like Behaviors and Hypomotility via Ghrelin and Neurocircuitry. Chin J Integr Med 2022; 29:490-499. [PMID: 35881212 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-3308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether meranzin hydrate (MH) can alleviate depression-like behavior and hypomotility similar to Chaihu Shugan Powder (CSP), and further explore the potential common mechanisms. METHODS Totally 120 Spraque-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5-8 groups including sham, vehicle, fluoxetine (20 mg/kg), mosapride (10 mg/kg), CSP (30 g/kg), MH (9.18 mg/kg), [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6 (Dlys, 0.5 mg/kg), and MH+Dlys groups by a random number table, 8 rats in each group. And 32 mice were randomly divided into wild-type, MH (18 mg/kg), growth hormone secretagogue receptor-knockout (GHSR-KO), and GHSR+MH groups, 8 mice in each group. The forced swimming test (FST), open field test (OFT), tail suspension test (TST), gastric emptying (GE) test, and intestinal transit (IT) test were used to assess antidepressant and prokinetic (AP) effects after drug single administration for 30 min with absorbable identification in rats and mice, respectively. The protein expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) in the hippocampus of rats were evaluated by Western blot. The differences in functional brain changes were determined via 7.0 T functional magnetic resonance imaging-blood oxygen level-dependent (fMRI-BOLD). RESULTS MH treatment improved depression-like behavior (FST, OFT) and hypomotility (GE, IT) in the acute forced swimming (FS) rats (all P<0.05), and the effects are similar to the parent formula CSP. The ghrelin antagonist [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6 inhibited the effect of MH on FST and GE (P<0.05). Similarly, MH treatment also alleviated depression-like behavior (FST, TST) in the wild-type mice, however, no effects were found in the GHSR KO mice. Additionally, administration of MH significantly stimulated BDNF and p-mTOR protein expressions in the hippocampus (both P<0.01), which were also prevented by [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6 (P<0.01). Besides, 3 main BOLD foci following acute FS rats implicated activity in hippocampus-thalamus-basal ganglia (HTB) circuits. The [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6 synchronously inhibited BOLD HTB foci. As expected, prokinetic mosapride only had effects on the thalamus and basal ganglia, but not on the hippocampus. Within the HTB, the hippocampus is implicated in depression and FD. CONCLUSIONS MH accounts for part of AP effects of parent formula CSP in acute FS rats, mainly via ghrelin-related shared regulation coupled to BOLD signals in brain areas. This novel functionally connection of HTB following acute stress, treatment, and regulation highlights anti-depression unified theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Lin Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.,School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Jian-Jun Xu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lin-Ran Han
- Department of Outpatient, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Shangdong Province, 221000, China
| | - Xiang-Fei Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Mu-Hai Lin
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhe Xiao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yun-Ke Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Ping Ren
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Wang J, He P, Deng T, Xu X, Zou D, Wang Y, Zeng W, Zhao M, Wang W, Lin H, Deng M, Kuang L, Chen D, Yang M. The difference of disrupted rhythms of life, work and entertainment between patients with FGIDs and healthy people and their associations with psychological disorders under COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022; 68:628-638. [PMID: 33557677 DOI: 10.1177/0020764021992835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the differences in disrupted rhythms between healthy people and patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) and their associations with mood disorders during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS The rhythm scales were composed of subscales 1 and 2 for the assessment of life-work and entertainment rhythms, respectively; Zung's Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to assess mood disorders. RESULTS A total of 671 patients with FGIDs and 4373 healthy people successfully participated. The scores of subscales 1 and 2 for patients with FGIDs were significantly higher than those for healthy people (p < .005). The SAS and SDS scores, their prevalence rates were significantly higher than those for the healthy group (all p < .001). Health status, current occupation, life-work rhythm, SDS, and SAS were independent related factors of FGIDs. The score of life-work-entertainment rhythm was significantly positively correlated with SDS and SAS (both p < .001). CONCLUSION Disrupted rhythms in patients with FGIDs under the COVID-19 pandemic were more frequently and significantly positively associated with mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Army Medical Center of PLA, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ping He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Tianwei Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Three Gorges Hospital of Chongqing University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Duowu Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yanjun Wang
- Army Medical Center of PLA, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Zeng
- Army Medical Center of PLA, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Mei Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wo Wang
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Statistics, Army Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Mingming Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Li Kuang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- Army Medical Center of PLA, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Min Yang
- Army Medical Center of PLA, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
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Chen F, Yang J, Zhang H, Shen L, Wang JQ, Jin T, Yu XY. The role of amygdala neuropsin/serpinb6 pathway in the regulation of gastric hypersensitivity and anxiety by electroacupuncture. J Dig Dis 2022; 23:149-156. [PMID: 35179294 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the neuropsin pathway in the amygdala and stomach may participate in the development of anxiety-related gastric hypersensitivity, and whether electroacupuncture (EA) at the Zusanli acupoint could improve this condition by regulating such pathway in the rat model of functional dyspepsia (FD). METHODS A total of 48 SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, FD model group and FD + EA group (stimulation at Zusanli acupoint for 30 min daily for 7 consecutive days). Abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) score and open field test were used to evaluate visceral hypersensitivity and anxiety-like disorder, respectively. Electrical activity in the amygdala nucleus in each group was recorded by extracellular electrophysiology. Neuropsin and serpinb6 protein expressions in the amygdala and stomach were detected by Western blot. RESULTS AWR score in the FD group increased but did not differ after EA therapy than that in the contro group. Both the center square entries and center entries ratio in the FD group were lower than those in the control and FD + EA groups. The total number and frequency of amygdala nucleus discharges induced by gastric distension in the FD group were significantly higher than those in the control and FD + EA groups. Expression of neuropsin increased and that of serpinb6 decreased in the gastric mucosa and amygdale in the FD group, while no change was observed in gastric mucosa after EA therapy. CONCLUSION EA stimulation at the Zusanli acupoint may improve visceral hypersensitivity and anxiety in FD rats through the neuropsin/serpinb6 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lei Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jia Qi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Tian Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiao Yun Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Impact of Best-Fitted Control Selection on Effect Size: An Example in Functional GI Disorder Case-Control Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph181910296. [PMID: 34639595 PMCID: PMC8508498 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effect sizes are the most useful quantities for communicating the practical significance of results and helping to facilitate cumulative science. We hypothesize that the selection of the best-fitted controls can significantly affect the estimated effect sizes in case-control studies. Therefore, we decided to exemplify and clarify this effect on effect size using a large data set. The objective of this study was to investigate the association among variables in functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) and mental health problems, common ailments that reduce the quality of life of a large proportion of the community worldwide. METHOD In this methodological study, we constitute case and control groups in our study framework using the Epidemiology of Psychological, Alimentary Health and Nutrition (SEPAHAN) dataset of 4763 participants. We devised four definitions for control in this extensive database of FGID patients and analyzed the effect of these definitions on the odds ratio (OR): 1. conventional control: without target disorder/syndrome (sample size 4040); 2. without any positive criteria: criterion-free control (sample size 1053); 3. syndrome-free control: without any disorder/syndrome (sample size 847); 4. symptom-free control: without any symptoms (sample size 204). We considered a fixed case group that included 723 patients with a Rome III-based definition of functional dyspepsia. Psychological distress, anxiety, and depression were considered as dependent variables in the analysis. Logistic regression was used for association analysis, and the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) for OR were reported as the effect size. RESULTS The estimated ORs indicate that the strength of the association in the first case-control group is the lowest, and the fourth case-control group, including controls with completely asymptomatic people, is the highest. Ascending effect sizes were obtained in the conventional, criterion-free, syndrome-free, and symptom-free control groups. These results are consistent for all three psychological disorders, psychological distress, anxiety, and depression. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that a precise definition of the control is mandatory in every case-control study and affects the estimated effect size. In clinical settings, the selection of symptomatic controls using the conventional definition could significantly diminish the effect size.
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Lee KJ. The Usefulness of Symptom-based Subtypes of Functional Dyspepsia for Predicting Underlying Pathophysiologic Mechanisms and Choosing Appropriate Therapeutic Agents. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021; 27:326-336. [PMID: 34210898 PMCID: PMC8266502 DOI: 10.5056/jnm21042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional dyspepsia (FD) is considered to be a heterogeneous disorder with different pathophysiological mechanisms or pathogenetic factors. In addition to traditional mechanisms, novel concepts regarding pathophysiologic mechanisms of FD have been proposed. Candidates of therapeutic agents based on novel concepts have also been suggested. FD is a symptom complex and currently diagnosed by symptom-based Rome criteria. In the Rome criteria, symptom-based subtypes of FD including postprandial distress syndrome and epigastric pain syndrome are recommended to be used, based on the assumption that each subtype is more homogenous in terms of underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms than FD as a whole. In this review, the usefulness of symptombased subtypes of FD for predicting underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms and choosing appropriate therapeutic agents was evaluated. Although several classic pathophysiologic mechanisms are suggested to be associated with individual dyspeptic symptoms, symptom-based subtypes of FD are not specific for a certain pathogenetic factor or pathophysiologic mechanism, and may be frequently associated with multiple pathophysiologic abnormalities. Novel concepts on the pathophysiology of FD show complex interactions between pathophysiologic mechanisms and pathogenetic factors, and prediction of underlying mechanisms of individual patients simply by the symptom pattern or symptom-based subtypes may not be accurate in a considerable proportion of cases. Therefore, subtyping by the Rome criteria appears to have limited value to guide therapeutic strategy, suggesting that the addition of objective parameters or subclassification reflecting physiologic or pathologic tests may be necessary for the targeted therapeutic approaches, particularly when therapeutic agents targeting novel mechanisms are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Jae Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Hu X, Zhang S, Wu L, Fan Y, Wang Q, Chen X, Zhang L, Tian Y. Impaired pain empathic abilities among patients with functional dyspepsia. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2021; 26:153-165. [PMID: 33730969 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2021.1897558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brain structure or functioning abnormality in regions such as insula and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is associated with functional dyspepsia (FD) and pain empathy, but the relationship between FD and pain empathy remains unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the pain empathic abilities of FD patients and healthy controls (HCs) and investigate the association of pain empathy with clinical characteristics and quality of life of FD patients. METHODS Pain empathic abilities was measured in 30 FD patients and 30 HCs using a validated pain empathy paradigm. Demographic characteristics, Helicobacter pylori status, duration, dyspeptic symptom score and Nepean Dyspepsia Life Quality Index (NDLQI) were obtained from all patients. RESULTS FD patients scored higher than HCs when rating painful pictures, but the accuracy for painful pictures was significantly lower than HCs. Pearson correlation analysis showed significant negative correlation between NDLQI and pain rating scores for painful pictures. When sex, age, educational level, the number of complaints, duration, H. pylori infection and NDLQI were included in multiple linear regression analysis, NDLQI was independently associated with pain ratings. CONCLUSIONS FD patients showed abnormally enhanced pain empathic abilities, which may be associated with the severity of symptoms and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangpeng Hu
- Digestive Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenshen Zhang
- Digestive Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Wu
- Digestive Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinguang Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of public health of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Wang
- Digestive Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- Digestive Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijiu Zhang
- Digestive Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanghua Tian
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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Chisty A. Update on Indigestion. Med Clin North Am 2021; 105:19-30. [PMID: 33246519 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dyspepsia affects a large percentage of the general population and can lead to lost work productivity and reduced quality of life. Patients with dyspepsia younger than 60 should not routinely undergo endoscopy but instead should pursue Helicobacter pylori test-and-treat approach. For patients 60 and older, endoscopy should be performed. Patients without any identifiable cause for their symptoms are diagnosed with functional dyspepsia. Guideline-based treatment includes H pylori eradication and proton pump inhibitor use. If acid suppression is not adequate, treatment with a tricyclic antidepressant followed by a prokinetic agent and psychological therapy are considered. Complementary therapies are not recommended due to limited evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia Chisty
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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Huang ZP, Wang K, Duan YH, Yang G. Correlation between lifestyle and social factors in functional dyspepsia among college freshmen. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520939702. [PMID: 32862752 PMCID: PMC7457664 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520939702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to examine the relationship between the prevalence of functional
dyspepsia (FD) and lifestyle habits, to identify social factors that may
contribute to psychosocial disorders. Methods We enrolled 759 university freshmen in this study, who were categorized into
the FD group and healthy group. All participants completed the validated
Self-Rating Depression Scale and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale questionnaires,
to assess lifestyle and social factors among participants. Results The proportion of participants with FD was 16.86%, and 67.97% were women.
Diet irregularities and sleep impairment may have an effect on FD. Tea
consumption may play a role in preventing FD. Participants with FD were more
likely to have mood disorders than healthy participants. Most participants
with FD who had mood disorders experienced mild anxiety or depression.
Participants’ main sources of stress arose from daily life, development,
social life, life events, and participants’ daily schedule. Conclusion Sex and lifestyle habits, including sleeping patterns and dietary habits, can
have an impact on FD. Social stress and mood disorders also have an effect
on FD. FD may be prevented by adjusting lifestyle habits and psychological
counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Peng Huang
- Guangzhou Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Teaching and Research Section of Internal Medicine, College of Clinical Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi Province, China
| | - Yu-Hang Duan
- Department of Stomatology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi Province, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi Province, China
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Sharbafchi MR, Tabatabaiyan S, Haghighatdoost F, Afshar H, Keshteli AH, Feizi A, Moghtadaee K, Roohafza HR, Adibi P. Personality traits are related to functional dyspepsia in a large sample of Iranian adults. J Psychosom Res 2020; 129:109912. [PMID: 31901580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.109912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Few studies have evaluated the association of personality traits with functional dyspepsia (FD). In the present study, we aimed to explore the relationship between different personality traits and FD in a sample of Iranian adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 4763 adults. FD was evaluated using a modified and validated Persian version of the Rome III questionnaire for the diagnosis of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Personality traits were assessed using the five-factor model. Logistic regression was used for data analysis. RESULTS After controlling for various potential confounders, neuroticism (OR = 1.043; 95% CI: 1.028, 1.059), agreeableness (OR = 0.965; 95% CI: 0.952, 0.978), extraversion (OR = 0.985; 95% CI: 0.970, 0.990), openness (OR = 0.981; 95% CI: 0.966, 0.996), and conscientious (OR = 0.980; 95% CI: 0.968, 0.991) scores were associated with risk of FD. Similar significant associations were observed in stratified analyses by sex, except for openness which tended to decrease the risk of FD marginally in women (OR = 0.983, 95% CI: 0.966, 1.001) and in men (OR = 0.979, 95% CI: 0.955, 1.003) after adjusting for multiple confounding variables. CONCLUSION Our study showed that the higher scores of extraversion, conscientiousness, openness, and agreeableness are independently associated with a lower risk of FD in Iranian general population while higher scores of neuroticism increase the risk of FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Sharbafchi
- Psychosomatic Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sara Tabatabaiyan
- Psychosomatic Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Haghighatdoost
- Psychosomatic Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Afshar
- Psychosomatic Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Gastroentrology and Hepatology Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Awat Feizi
- Psychosomatic Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Gastroentrology and Hepatology Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Kamal Moghtadaee
- Psychosomatic Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Roohafza
- Psychosomatic Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Peyman Adibi
- Gastroentrology and Hepatology Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Oh JH, Kwon JG, Jung HK, Tae CH, Song KH, Kang SJ, Kim SE, Jung K, Kim JS, Park JK, Bang KB, Baeg MK, Shin JE, Shin CM, Lee JY, Lim HC. Clinical Practice Guidelines for Functional Dyspepsia in Korea. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2020; 26:29-50. [PMID: 31917913 PMCID: PMC6955183 DOI: 10.5056/jnm19209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a chronic upper gastrointestinal (GI) symptom complex that routine diagnostic work-up, such as endoscopy, blood laboratory analysis, or radiological examination, fails to identify a cause. It is highly prevalent in the World population, and its response to the various available therapeutic strategies is only modest because of the heterogenous nature of its pathogenesis. Therefore, FD represents a heavy medical burden for healthcare systems. We constituted a guideline development committee to review the existing guidelines on the management of functional dyspepsia. This committee drafted statements and conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of various studies, guidelines, and randomized control trials. External review was also conducted by selected experts. These clinical practice guidelines for FD were developed based on evidence recently accumulated with the revised version of FD guidelines released in 2011 by the Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility. These guidelines apply to adults with chronic symptoms of FD and include the diagnostic role of endoscopy, Helicobacter pylori screening, and systematic review and meta-analyses of the various treatment options for FD (proton pump inhibitors, H.pylori eradication, and tricyclic antidepressants), especially according to the FD subtype. The purpose of these new guidelines is to aid the understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of FD, and the targets of the guidelines are clinicians, healthcare workers at the forefront of patient care, patients, and medical students. The guidelines will continue to be revised and updated periodically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joong Goo Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chung Hyun Tae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Ho Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung Joo Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Kyoungwon Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Joon Sung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Kyu Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Universityof Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Ki Bae Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea
| | - Myong Ki Baeg
- Department of Internal Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea
| | - Cheol Min Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Ju Yup Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyun Chul Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
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12
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The association between functional dyspepsia and depression: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 31:911-918. [PMID: 31162150 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Concomitant functional dyspepsia (FD) and psychosocial stressors have been reported; however, the association between FD and depression remains controversial and no quantitative meta-analysis exists. Published articles were identified through a comprehensive review of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to the 8 July 2018. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals and subgroup analyses were calculated using a random-effects model. Findings for a total of 59 029 individuals were pooled across 23 studies and examined. Our analyses showed a positive association between FD and depression, with an OR of 2.28 (95% confidence interval: 2.02-3.81; I=100%). In the subgroup analysis, FD patients in Europe (OR=6.19) were more likely to have depression compared with Asians (OR=2.47); the overall significance results decreased the most in subgroup which the overall significance of the subgroup analyses results decreased the most in studies that adjusted for BMI (OR=1.42). Our meta-analysis showed a positive association between FD and depression. Further large-scale prospective cohort studies are needed to investigate the causality between FD and depression.
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13
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Gene Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Functional Dyspepsia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2019; 2019:3420548. [PMID: 31178907 PMCID: PMC6501140 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3420548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common chronic gastrointestinal disorder with a complex, undefined mechanism. Clustering of patients with FD in families highlights the role of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of FD. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the associations between specific gene polymorphisms and FD susceptibility. PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and HuGE database were searched. An additive model was adopted to determine whether previous studied genes are associated with FD susceptibility. Carriers of minor allele in GNB3 825C>T (OR = 1.15, 95% CI 0.99-1.34, P = 0.07), SCL6A4 5HTTLPR (OR = 0.92, 95% CI 0.75-1.12, P = 0.40), and CCK-1R 779T>C (OR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.72-1.03, P = 0.09) genes failed to demonstrate susceptibility to FD. In a subgroup analysis, only minor allele (T) in GNB3 825C>T was associated with an increased susceptibility to the epigastric pain syndrome subtype (OR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.10-1.63, P = 0.003). Our meta-analysis based on available studies using an additive model failed to show that GNB3, SCL6A4, and CCK-1R polymorphisms are associated with FD susceptibility.
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14
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Xiong Y, Xing H, Hu L, Xie J, Liu Y, Hu D. Effects of comfort care on symptoms, gastric motility, and mental state of patients with functional dyspepsia. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16110. [PMID: 31232957 PMCID: PMC6636950 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common upper gastrointestinal disorder globally, but the current treatments for FD are still unsatisfactory. This study was aimed at investigating the effects of comfort care on symptoms, gastric motility, and mental state of patients with FD.One hundred consecutive patients with FD treated at the Wuhan Union Hospital (Wuhan, China) between 03/2016 and 02/2018 were randomized to routine nursing and comfort care on the basis of routine nursing (50 patients/group), all for 8 weeks. The primary endpoint was FD symptom score. The secondary endpoint included gastric emptying rate, gastric motility parameters, and depression and anxiety scores. The endpoints were assessed at baseline and after 8 weeks.There were no significant differences between the 2 groups for gender, age, body mass index, types of FD, and course of disease (P > .05). The symptom score in the comfort care group at week 8 was lower than in the routine nursing group (8.3 ± 2.4 vs 10.2 ± 2.4, P < .001). The gastric emptying rate in the comfort care group at week 8 was higher than in the routine nursing group (28.6 ± 5.1 vs 24.3 ± 5.5, P < .001). The fasting and postprandial dominant frequencies of electrogastrogram in the comfort care group at week 8 were higher than in the routine nursing group (1.9 ± 0.9 vs 1.8 ± 1.0, P = .004; 3.1 ± 1.0 vs 2.1 ± 0.9, P < .001). The postprandial dominant power of electrogastrogram in the comfort care group at week 8 was higher than in the routine nursing group (55.7 ± 11.5 vs 42.3 ± 12.5, P < .001). The cases of abnormal electrogastrogram rhythm in the comfort care group at week 8 were significantly less than in the routine nursing group (P = .003). The self-rating depression scale and self-rating anxiety scale in the comfort care group at week 8 were significantly lower than in the routine nursing group (42.5 ± 6.9 vs 47.3 ± 6.4, P = .001; 41.1 ± 7.2 vs 46.3 ± 6.9, P < .001).Comfort care reduces the symptoms of patients with FD, increases gastric emptying rate, improves gastric motility, relieves patient's depression and anxiety, and promotes the rehabilitation of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui Xing
- Department of Laboratory Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Deying Hu
- Department of Nursing, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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15
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Suzuki H, Ataka K, Asakawa A, Cheng KC, Ushikai M, Iwai H, Yagi T, Arai T, Yahiro K, Yamamoto K, Yokoyama Y, Kojima M, Yada T, Hirayama T, Nakamura N, Inui A. Helicobacter pylori Vacuolating Cytotoxin A Causes Anorexia and Anxiety via Hypothalamic Urocortin 1 in Mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6011. [PMID: 30979915 PMCID: PMC6461611 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42163-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection is related to the pathogenesis of chronic gastric disorders and extragastric diseases. Here, we examined the anorexigenic and anxiogenic effects of Hp vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) through activation of hypothalamic urocortin1 (Ucn1). VacA was detected in the hypothalamus after peripheral administration and increased Ucn1 mRNA expression and c-Fos-positive cells in the hypothalamus but not in the nucleus tractus solitarius. c-Fos and Ucn1-double positive cells were detected. CRF1 and CRF2 receptor antagonists suppressed VacA-induced anxiety and anorexia, respectively. VacA activated single paraventricular nucleus neurons and A7r5 cells; this activation was inhibited by phospholipase C (PLC) and protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors. VacA causes anorexia and anxiety through the intracellular PLC-PKC pathway, migrates across the blood-brain barrier, and activates the Ucn1-CRF receptor axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Suzuki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan. .,Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Koji Ataka
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences of Herbal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihiro Asakawa
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kai-Chun Cheng
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Miharu Ushikai
- Department of Hygiene and Health Promotion Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Haruki Iwai
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takakazu Yagi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Arai
- Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kinnosuke Yahiro
- Department of Molecular Infectiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Yamamoto
- Quality Control Department, Yoshitomi Plant, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Factory Ltd., Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshito Yokoyama
- Discovery Technology Laboratories, Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masayasu Kojima
- Molecular Genetics, Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Yada
- Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Toshiya Hirayama
- Department of Bacteriology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Norifumi Nakamura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akio Inui
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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16
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Xie WG, Lv BJ, Li WW, Shou YE, Tang ZX. Association between psycho-psychological factors and functional dyspepsia in elderly patients: Effect on activity of daily living score. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2018; 26:2002-2007. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v26.i34.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To analyze the association between psycho-psychological factors and functional dyspepsia (FD) in elderly patients and the effect on patients' activity of daily living (ADL) score.
METHODS Sixty elderly psychiatric patients with FD admitted to Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital from August 2016 to September 2017 were selected as a study group, and 60 patients with FD with good mental status were selected as a control group. Psycho-psychological status and gastric function indexes were tested in both groups. The self-rating anxiety scale, self-rating depression scale, 24 h heart rate variability and water stress test were also used to assess the patients in the two groups.
RESULTS The self-rating anxiety scale and self-rating depression scale scores of elderly patients in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and the number of patients with anxiety and depression in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The initial sensation and maximum tolerance of the water load test in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and the time to semi-emptying of gastric solids in the study group was significantly longer than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). ADL scores of elderly patients in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group before and after treatment (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION Psycho-psychological status of patients is closely related to the development and progression of FD, and may cause damage to the gastric sensory function and motor function of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Gen Xie
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bai-Jun Lv
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei-Wei Li
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yue-Er Shou
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhi Xian Tang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Koduru P, Irani M, Quigley EMM. Definition, Pathogenesis, and Management of That Cursed Dyspepsia. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 16:467-479. [PMID: 28899670 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dyspepsia is an umbrella term used to encompass a number of symptoms thought to originate from the upper gastrointestinal tract. These symptoms are relatively nonspecific; not surprisingly, therefore, a myriad of conditions may present with any one or a combination of these symptoms. Therein lays the clinician's first challenge: detecting the minority who may have a potentially life-threatening disorder, such as gastric cancer, from a population whose symptoms are, for the most part, considered functional in origin. The second challenge lies in the definition and management of those individuals with functional dyspepsia (FD); the major focus of this review. The Rome process has addressed the issue of FD definition and a look back at the evolution of Rome criteria for this disorder illustrates the complexities that have so frustrated us. There has been no shortage of hypotheses to explain symptom pathogenesis in FD; initially focused on gastric sensorimotor dysfunction, these have now strayed well into the duodenum and have come to entertain such factors as immune responses and the microbiome. FD has proven to be an equally challenging area for therapeutics; while the staple approaches of acid suppression and eradication of Helicobacter pylori have some limited efficacy in select populations, strategies to ameliorate symptoms in the majority of sufferers based on presumed pathophysiology have largely foundered. Lacking a validated biomarker(s) FD continues to be an elusive target and is likely to remain so until we can better define the various phenotypes that it must surely contain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramoda Koduru
- Lynda K and David M Underwood Center for Digestive Disorders, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas
| | - Malcolm Irani
- Lynda K and David M Underwood Center for Digestive Disorders, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas
| | - Eamonn M M Quigley
- Lynda K and David M Underwood Center for Digestive Disorders, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas.
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18
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Zhang X, Han L, Liu J, Xu Q, Guo Y, Zheng W, Wang J, Huang X, Ren P. Pharmacokinetic Study of 7 Compounds Following Oral Administration of Fructus Aurantii to Depressive Rats. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:131. [PMID: 29556193 PMCID: PMC5845165 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the pharmacokinetics of multi-components (naringenin, nobiletin, meranzin hydrate, narirutin, naringin, hesperidin, and neohesperidin) were investigated in acute depressive rats following oral administration of Fructus Aurantii (Zhi-Qiao, ZQ) extract (20 g/kg). A rapid and reliable liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was established to quantitatively or qualitatively analyze the 7 absorbed ingredients in the plasma, hippocampus and cortex of acute depressive rats. Biological samples were separated on a 300SB-C18 column, and the 7 compounds were detected with sequential positive and negative ionization modes. Our results confirmed that ZQ has antidepressant effects by decreasing the immobility time. In addition, this validated method showed good linearity (r ≥ 0.9987), and the lower limits of quantification were 2.73–16.38 ng/mL for the 7 analytes. This method successfully determined the pharmacokinetics of the 7 compounds and separated two pairs of isomers in plasma of acute depressive rats following oral administration of ZQ extracts. The 7 active ingredients were also identified as marked compounds in target tissues and should be further examined in pharmacokinetic studies with acute depressive rats. So, pharmacokinetic compounds were precisely linked with the antidepressant effect of ZQ in our study. This relationship is well-understood and contributes to the application of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhua Zhang
- Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen University Hospital, Xiamen, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Linran Han
- Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiuyue Xu
- Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxin Guo
- Clinical Pharmaceutics Room, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wan Zheng
- Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xi Huang
- Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ping Ren
- Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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