Cincotta MC, Walker RH. Recent advances in non-Huntington's disease choreas.
Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024;
122:106045. [PMID:
38378310 DOI:
10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.106045]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Chorea is primarily due to an imbalance of basal ganglia output pathways, often due to dysfunction or degeneration of the caudate nucleus and putamen, and can be due to many causes.
METHODS
We reviewed the recent literature to identify newly-recognized causes of chorea, including auto-immune, metabolic, and genetic. We also focused upon developments in mechanisms relating to underlying pathophysiology of certain genetic choreas and advances in therapeutics.
RESULTS
Novel autoantibodies continue to be identified as causes of chorea. Both COVID-19 infection and vaccination are reported to result rarely in chorea, although in some cases causality is not clearly established. Advances in genetic testing continue to find more causes of chorea, and to expand the phenotype of known genetic disorders. Deep brain stimulation can be successful in certain circumstances.
CONCLUSION
Our understanding of mechanisms underlying this movement disorder continues to advance, however much remains to be elucidated.
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