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Dasukil S, Verma S, Jena AK, Mohapatra M. Frequency of concomitant injuries in maxillofacial trauma in a tertiary health care centre in India: A 5-year retrospective study. Chin J Traumatol 2024:S1008-1275(24)00035-X. [PMID: 38616471 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Road traffic accidents (RTA), assaults, falls, and sports-related injuries are the leading causes of maxillofacial trauma. Due to quite different geographical environment and fast urbanization, the use of various protective equipment is restricted in India. Thus, compared to other countries, there might be a significant difference in the pattern and frequency of associated injuries among subjects with maxillofacial trauma. The present study was conducted to identify the causes and pattern of various maxillofacial fractures and the frequency of other related injuries among subjects with maxillofacial trauma. METHODS This is a cross-sectional retrospective study recording 2617 subjects with maxillofacial trauma. The patient demographics, causes of trauma, types of maxillofacial injury, and associated soft and hard tissue injuries were recorded. The types of maxillofacial and associated injuries were diagnosed from details of clinical examinations and the interpretation of various radiographs available in the file. The associated injuries were divided into head injury, other bony injuries, and soft tissue and vital structure injuries. Descriptive statistics and the test of proportion were used. A p value < 0.05 was considered as a level of significance. RESULTS The maxillofacial injuries were significantly common in patients aged 16 - 45 years (66.7%) than in patients aged ≤ 15 and > 46 years (33.3%) (p < 0.001). The RTA was the most common cause of maxillofacial injury (n = 2139, 81.7%), followed by fall (n = 206, 7.9%), other causes of injury (n = 178, 6.8%), and assaults (n = 94, 3.6%). The maxillofacial injury by 2-wheel vehicle accidents was significantly higher than that by 4-wheel vehicle and other vehicle accidents (p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between alcohol and RTA (p < 0.001). The head injury (n = 931, 61.1%) was the most common associated injury, followed by soft tissue and vital structures injuries (n = 328, 21.5%) and other bone injuries (n = 264, 17.3%). DISCUSSION Head injury was the most common associated injury followed by soft tissue and vital structures and bone injuries among subjects with maxillofacial trauma. Clavicle fracture and injury to the lower extremities were the most common hard and soft tissue-associated injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saubhik Dasukil
- Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| | - Shiwangi Verma
- Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Jena
- Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Mounabati Mohapatra
- Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Sohail A, Chishti FUDA, Manzar S, Zahid N, Ahmad F, Rafiq T. Can dynamic elastic therapy be established as the standard protocol of closed reduction for moderately displaced extracapsular condylar fractures? Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024; 28:385-391. [PMID: 37185928 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-023-01154-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted with the aim to establish standard technique of closed reduction (CR) and compare functional outcomes in patients of moderately displaced unilateral extracapsular condylar fractures. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study is a retrospective randomized controlled trial, conducted at a tertiary care hospital setting from August, 2013 to November, 2018. Patients of unilateral extracapsular condylar fractures with ramus shortening < 7mm and deviation < 35° were divided in two groups by drawing lots and were treated by dynamic elastic therapy and maxillomandibular fixation (MMF). Mean and standard deviation were calculated for quantitative variables, and one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson's Chi-square test were used to determine significance of outcomes between two modalities of CR. P value < 0.05 was taken as significant. RESULTS The numbers of patients treated by dynamic elastic therapy and MMF were 76 (38 in each group). Out of which 48 (63.15%) were male and 28 (36.84%) were female. The ratio of male to female was 1.7:1. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of age was 32 ± 9.57 years. In patients treated by dynamic elastic therapy, the mean ± SD (at 6-month follow-up) of loss of ramus height (LRH), maximum incisal opening (MIO) and opening deviation were 4.6mm ± 1.08mm, 40.4mm ± 1.57mm and 1.1mm ± 0.87mm respectively. Whereas, LRH, MIO and opening deviation were 4.6mm ± 0.85mm, 40.4mm ± 2.37mm and 0.8mm ± 0.63mm respectively by MMF therapy. One-way ANOVA was statistically insignificant (P value > 0.05) for above mentioned outcomes. Pre-traumatic occlusion was achieved in 89.47% of patients by MMF and in 86.84% patients by dynamic elastic therapy. Pearson's Chi-square test was statistically insignificant (p value < 0.05) for occlusion. CONCLUSION Parallel results were obtained for both modalities; thus, the technique as dynamic elastic therapy, which promotes early mobilization and functional rehabilitation, can be favored as standard technique of closed reduction for moderately displaced extracapsular condylar fractures. This technique eases patients' stress associated with MMF and prevents ankylosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqib Sohail
- Dental College, Lahore Medical & Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Saadia Manzar
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Rashid Latif Dental College/Rashid Latif Medical Complex, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Nighat Zahid
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Lahore Medical & Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fareed Ahmad
- Department of Oral Medicine, CMH Lahore Medical College & Institute of Dentistry, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Rafiq
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Lahore Medical & Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
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Grippaudo C, Lo Giudice A, Saponaro G, Todaro M, Moro A, D’Addona A. The Use of a CAD/CAM Thermoformed Splints System in Closed Reduction of Condylar Fractures. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1023. [PMID: 37760125 PMCID: PMC10525750 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10091023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Mandibular fractures are very common. Common indications of closed treatment for mandibular fractures are non-displaced or minimally displaced simple fractures in adult compliant patients with good dentition, the absence of occlusal disruption, and fractures in growing children. In closed treatment, the mandible is maintained in centric occlusion with a maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) with orthodontic elastics. Many methods of MMF have been described, often using orthodontic appliances. In recent years, CAD-CAM technology has improved many procedures used in maxillofacial surgery and orthodontics. The device we present is manufactured following a digital workflow, and was designed specifically for MMF. (2) Materials: Two patients with mandibular fractures were treated with an MMF method whose procedure comprised scanning of the dental arches, followed by construction of thermoformed splints on which buttons for the elastics and retention holes are made. The splints were fixed on the dental arches with composite resin at the level of the holes, and were kept in place for the period of healing of the fracture, with the intermaxillary elastics hooked to the buttons. (3) Results: The application time of the splints was very quick. The splints remained stable for the necessary time, without causing particular discomfort to the patients. (4) Conclusions: From our experience, this technique has proved to be reliable and reproducible and could represent a valid tool in the closed treatment of mandibular fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Grippaudo
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, UOC di Chirurgia Odontostomatologica e Implantologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Odontoiatria e Protesi Dentaria, Dipartimento Universitario Testa Collo ed Organi di Senso, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonino Lo Giudice
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Gianmarco Saponaro
- Odontoiatria e Protesi Dentaria, Dipartimento Universitario Testa Collo ed Organi di Senso, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.T.); (A.M.)
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, UOC di Chirurgia Maxillo Facciale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Todaro
- Odontoiatria e Protesi Dentaria, Dipartimento Universitario Testa Collo ed Organi di Senso, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.T.); (A.M.)
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, UOC di Chirurgia Maxillo Facciale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Moro
- Odontoiatria e Protesi Dentaria, Dipartimento Universitario Testa Collo ed Organi di Senso, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.T.); (A.M.)
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, UOC di Chirurgia Maxillo Facciale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio D’Addona
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, UOC di Chirurgia Odontostomatologica e Implantologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Odontoiatria e Protesi Dentaria, Dipartimento Universitario Testa Collo ed Organi di Senso, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.T.); (A.M.)
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Mashalkar NS, Shetty N, Ellur S. Descriptive and Surgical Analysis of 196 Cases of Traumatic Maxillofacial Fractures: An experience of 6 years. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RECENT SURGICAL AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1761506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Aims To analyze the etiology, anatomical pattern, and management of upper, midface, and lower face fractures pertaining to our demography and compare our results with other regions and worldwide.
Materials and methods A 6-year retrospective record analysis from 2013 to 2018 of eligible patients' data was recorded with a prepared proforma. Demographic parameters including age, sex, etiology, anatomical site, closed or open, displaced or un displaced fracture, type of treatment, associated with head injury, and implants used were evaluated.Inclusion criteria were all patients with facial bone fractures irrespective of age and gender.Exclusion criteria were patients with pure soft tissue injury of the face and with facial burns.
Results Most were involved with multiple facial bone fractures. Out of 196, 72 patients (pts) had involvement of mandible fractures, 79 had involvement of the maxilla, 65 zygoma, 68 nasal bone, 42 orbital wall, 21 frontal bone with processes, and 7 NOE involvement. The most frequent etiologic factor was detected to be road traffic accidents (RTA; 162 ,83%), due to falling (24, 12%), and assault (10, 5%).In total, 173 were male (88%) and the rest 23 were female (12%). The mean age was found to be 29 years. Twelve patients (6.1%) were less than 14 years of age. Most RTAs had occurred in young adults from 16 to 30 years of age group. We analyzed individual bone fracture involvement and compared it with other geographical locations.
Conclusions Most facial fractures are combined involving multiple bones in young adults with RTA as the most common etiology. There was a balance seen in managing the facial fractures between conservative and operative methods. These data provide us the information in evaluation of the preventive measures to be taken and give the direction of focusing the clinical and research priority in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra S. Mashalkar
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, St. John's Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Naren Shetty
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, St. John's Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sunderraj Ellur
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, St. John's Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Yehorov R, Yakovenko L, Primak I. Paediatric Mandibular Fracture Management - A Seven Year Retrospective Study. Ann Maxillofac Surg 2023; 13:44-48. [PMID: 37711520 PMCID: PMC10499298 DOI: 10.4103/ams.ams_158_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mandibular fractures are one of the most frequent and complex types of traumatic injuries of the maxillofacial region in children. Given significant long-term sequelae of inappropriate healing, adequate diagnosis and choice of management, which takes into account the patient's age and fracture characteristics, are paramount. Methods The data for this study were obtained from the medical records of patients treated in the Department of Surgical Dentistry and Paediatric Maxillofacial Surgery of the Bogomolets National Medical University from 2014 to 2020. Age, gender, fracture pattern and surgical treatment methods performed in these patients were recorded and analysed. Results A total of 302 children with 376 traumatic fractures of the mandible were managed during the study period. The largest number of fractures was found in the condylar processes region, 42%, and in the body of the mandible, 40%. The majority of patients were males and in the 13-17 age group (147 [49%] cases). Tigerstedt's maxillary-mandibular fixation splint was used in the majority of cases, alone or in the combination with open or internal fixation. Discussion Whilst the most common type of immobilisation in children in our series was Tigerstedt's maxillary-mandibular fixation splint, its use is limited to the variable bite period. Alternative fixation options are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rostyslav Yehorov
- Department of Surgical Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery of Childhood, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Lyudmila Yakovenko
- Department of Surgical Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery of Childhood, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Irina Primak
- Department of Surgical Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery of Childhood, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Age distribution of mandibular fractures and concomitant injuries. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00238-022-01967-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Shunmugavelu K, Saluja J, Bambawale A, Priyadharsana PS, Ganesh C, Karunajothi E. Prevalence and pattern of mandibular fractures: A retrospective study in India. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2022; 14:S140-S142. [PMID: 36110603 PMCID: PMC9469289 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_713_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Malhotra VL, Sharma A, Tanwar R, Dhiman M, Shyam R, Kaur D. A retrospective analysis of mandibular fractures in Mewat, India. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 47:365-372. [PMID: 34713811 PMCID: PMC8564085 DOI: 10.5125/jkaoms.2021.47.5.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Mandibular fractures vary significantly with respect to epidemiological and demographic parameters among populations. To date, no study has evaluated these aspects of mandibular fractures in Nuh, Mewat, Haryana, India. To retrospectively analyze the incidence, age and sex distributions, etiology, anatomic distribution, occlusal status, treatment modality provided, and their correlation in patients who suffered isolated mandibular fractures. Materials and Methods The records of maxillofacial injury patients who reported to the Department of Dentistry, SHKM Government Medical College from January 2013 to December 2019, were retrieved from our database, and necessary information was collected. The data collected were analyzed statistically using IBM SPSS ver. 21. Results Totals of 146 patients and 211 fractures were analyzed. There were 127 males and 19 females with an age range of 3-70 years (mean age, 26 years). Road traffic accident (RTA) was the most common cause of fracture (64.4%), followed by fall (19.9%), assault (15.1%), and sports injury (0.7%). Of all patients, 42.5% had bilateral fractures, 31.5% had left side fracture, 21.2% had right side fracture, 3.4% sustained midline symphyseal fracture, and 1.4% had symphyseal fracture along one side of the mandible. Site distribution was as follows parasymphysis (34.6%), angle (23.7%), condyle (20.4%), body (12.8%), symphysis (4.3%), ramus 2.4%, and dentoalveolar 1.9%. The most common facture combination was angle with parasymphysis (17.8%). Occlusion was disrupted in 69.2% patients. Closed reduction was the predominant treatment modality. Conclusion The data obtained from retrospective analyses of maxillofacial trauma increase the understanding of variables and their outcomes among populations. The results of the present study are comparable to those of the literature in some aspects and different in others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Laxmy Malhotra
- Department of Dentistry, SHKM Government Medical College, Nalhar, Nuh, Mewat, India
| | - Amita Sharma
- Department of Dentistry, SHKM Government Medical College, Nalhar, Nuh, Mewat, India
| | - Rajiv Tanwar
- Department of Dentistry, SHKM Government Medical College, Nalhar, Nuh, Mewat, India
| | - Meenu Dhiman
- Department of Dentistry, SHKM Government Medical College, Nalhar, Nuh, Mewat, India
| | - Radhey Shyam
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Depinder Kaur
- Department of Anaesthesia, SHKM Government Medical College, Nalhar, Nuh, Mewat, India
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Jia Y, Xie L, Tang Z, Wang D, Hu Y, Zhang G, Chen Y, Gao Q. Parathyroid hormone promotes cartilage healing after free reduction of mandibular condylar fractures by upregulating Sox9. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:2249-2258. [PMID: 34233524 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211027114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
After high fractures of the mandibular condyle, the insufficient blood supply to the condyle often leads to poor bone and cartilage repair ability and poor clinical outcome. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) can promote the bone formation and mineralization of mandibular fracture, but its effects on cartilage healing after the free reduction and internal fixation of high fractures of the mandibular condyle are unknown. In this study, a rabbit model of free reduction and internal fixation of high fractures of the mandibular condyle was established, and the effects and mechanisms of PTH on condylar cartilage healing were explored. Forty-eight specific-pathogen-free (SPF) grade rabbits were randomly divided into two groups. In the experimental group, PTH was injected subcutaneously at 20 µg/kg (PTH (1-34)) every other day, and in the control group, PTH was replaced with 1 ml saline. The healing cartilages were assessed at postoperative days 7, 14, 21, and 28. Observation of gross specimens, hematoxylin eosin staining and Safranin O/fast green staining found that every-other-day subcutaneous injection of PTH at 20 µg/kg promoted healing of condylar cartilage and subchondral osteogenesis in the fracture site. Immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction showed that PTH significantly upregulated the chondrogenic genes Sox9 and Col2a1 in the cartilage fracture site within 7-21 postoperative days in the experimental group than those in the control group, while it downregulated the cartilage inflammation gene matrix metalloproteinase-13 and chondrocyte terminal differentiation gene ColX. In summary, exogenous PTH can stimulate the formation of cartilage matrix by triggering Sox9 expression at the early stage of cartilage healing, and it provides a potential therapeutic protocol for high fractures of the mandibular condyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Jia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Liuqin Xie
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Zhenglong Tang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Dongxiang Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Department of Oral Histopathology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Guoxing Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Youli Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Qiong Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
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Mandibular Fractures Epidemiology and Treatment Plans in the Center of Italy: A Retrospective Study. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 32:e346-e349. [PMID: 33170830 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The epidemiology of maxillofacial fractures is variable in different geographic regions. Economic and social conditions, laws and types of behavior can be considered the most important factors influencing these differences.Mandibular fractures were first cited in 1650 BC in an Egyptian papyrus. Today, these fractures are one of the most prevalent facial skeletal injuries.A 4-year retrospective study was performed and the trauma - related data were collected from medical and radiological archives. The analysis comprised patients admitted for mandibular fracture at Sapienza University of Rome - Policlinico Umberto I between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2019. The data include age, sex, etiology, anatomical sites of the fractures, eventual maxillofacial associated fractures and treatment.We collected 172 patients, 138 males (80.2%) and 34 females (19.8%) with 270 mandibular fractures. The average age was 35.4 years. The youngest and oldest patients were aged 6 and 90 years, respectively. The age group 20 to 29 years was the most represented with 52 patients (30.2% of the total sample). Assaults were the most common etiology (n = 53, 30.8%), followed by falls (n = 45, 26.2%). The condyle was the most involved region (n = 86, 32%), followed by parasymphysis region (n = 72, 26.6%) and angle (n = 62, 23%).154 patients (89.5%) reported only mandibular fractures. Eighteen patients (10.5%) had other associated maxillofacial fractures; the most frequently encountered maxillofacial fractures associated with mandibular fractures were the zygomatic complex fractures (n = 9, 5.2%). Open reduction and internal fixation was the most preferred surgical treatment (n = 115, 66.9%).This study showed that mandibular fractures predominate in 20 to 29 years group and in the male sex. Assaults are the most frequent cause. The prevalent fracturing site is condylar process. Orbital - maxillary - zygomatic complex fractures were the most common associated maxillofacial fractures and open reduction and internal fixation was the preferred surgical strategy.The results of this analysis agree to other studies and provide important clinical information that will help in study of these injuries.
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Virtual Surgical Planning and Three-Dimensional Printing to Aid the Anatomical Reduction of an Old Malunited Fracture of the Mandible. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 32:e647-e649. [PMID: 33852522 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Mandible fracture is a common injury in maxillofacial surgery. It causes not only maxillofacial dysfunction but also facial deformities. Malunited fractures of the mandible have been a vast challenge in clinical treatment due to the misalignment of the broken ends and the occurrence of occlusal disorders. This case report describes using virtual surgical planning and three-dimensional printing to treat a patient with malunited fracture of the mandible. Failing to perform mandibular surgery due to severe brain trauma after the car accident, the patient got malunited healing of mandible. The authors applied virtual surgical planning to perform preoperative analysis and surgical design on this patient, three-dimensional printing to fabricate occlusal plate, and models of the preoperative and postoperative mandible to guide the operation. Finally, the authors achieved the reduction and reconstruction of the mandible with satisfactory clinical results.
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Devarakonda V, Navakoti P, Sungal RP, Sakleshpur Mruthyunjaya C, Karanam AK, Sanobar A. Trends in mandibular fracture patterns in central Telangana - A retrospective overview and analysis. Dent Traumatol 2021; 37:436-439. [PMID: 33427375 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Socio-economic, environmental and cultural influences may lead to discrepancies in the distribution and occurrence of orofacial injuries. The aim of this study was to analyze the patient demographics and current patterns of mandibular fractures within a geographic population. MATERIAL AND METHODS The medical records of patients with facial trauma treated over a period of 3 years were retrieved and reviewed. Their data were analyzed based on the following parameters-age, gender, mechanism of trauma, seasonal variation, drug/alcohol abuse at the time of trauma, number, and anatomic location of fractures. RESULTS Of all the patients with maxillofacial injuries, 56% had mandibular fractures and 80% of these were sustained in road traffic accidents. Nearly 44% of patients had multiple mandibular fractures giving an average of about 1.6 fractures per mandible. Alcohol abuse was seen in 39% of patients. Seasonal influence indicated that the monsoon season had the highest incidence of trauma. CONCLUSION Fracture patterns vary according to the etiology of the fracture and direction of the impact force. This information can help in the diagnosis and as a guide to future funding of preventive public health programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Visalakshi Devarakonda
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Government Dental College & Hospital, Hyderabad, India
| | - Prasad Navakoti
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Government Dental College & Hospital, Hyderabad, India
| | | | | | - Anil Kumar Karanam
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Government Dental College & Hospital, Kadapa, India
| | - Arshiya Sanobar
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Government Dental College & Hospital, Hyderabad, India
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