Effect of Hope Therapy on the Mood Status of Patients with Diabetes

Sexual Orientation Concealment, Hope, and Depressive Symptoms Among Sexual Minority Women: The Moderating Role of Sexual Orientation

Sexual minority women (SMW) experience higher levels of depression compared to heterosexual women, and bisexual women show higher levels than lesbian women. Sexual orientation concealment is a risk factor for depressive symptoms among SMW. Hope is protective against depressive symptoms in diverse samples, but limited research in this area has centered on SMW. This study examined the role of hope and its components, agency and pathways, as moderators of the relation between sexual orientation concealment and depressive symptoms, and whether the moderating effects were conditional on sexual orientation. An international sample of 218 lesbian women aged 18 to 69 (M = 32.93 years, SD = 12.75) and 230 bisexual women aged 18 to 67 (M = 27.83 years, SD = 7.52) completed an online survey. Hope, agency, and pathways did not moderate the relation between sexual orientation concealment and depressive symptoms. The significant negative relations between hope and depressive symptoms, and between agency and depressive symptoms, were moderated by sexual orientation: the relations were stronger among lesbian women than bisexual women. Results suggest that increasing levels of hope and agency through clinical intervention may reduce depressive symptoms for both groups of women, with more pronounced effects among lesbian women.

Hope and Suicidal Ideation Among Older Adults Living in the Rural Mid-Hills of Nepal

OBJECTIVES

The current study investigated whether hope and its two components (agency and pathways) weakened the relations between perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, and fearlessness about death and suicidal ideation among older adults living in rural Nepal.

METHODS

A community sample of 300 people aged from 60 to 90 years (Mage = 67.07, SDage = 6.23) who resided in the rural mid-hills of Nepal completed standardized measures.

RESULTS

Hope and agency moderated the relationship between perceived burdensomeness and suicidal ideation and pathways moderated the relationship between thwarted belongingness and suicidal ideation.

CONCLUSIONS

Hope, and particularly agency, may play a protective role in reducing suicidal ideation among older Nepali adults living in rural areas who experience perceived burdensomeness. In contrast, pathways may be an additional risk factor for older adults experiencing unmet belongingness needs. Research is required to understand fearlessness about death and suicidality among older Nepali adults.

CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS

Increasing hope and particularly agency may be associated with a reduction in suicidal ideation among older Nepali adults who experience feelings of being a burden. However, increasing pathways may be associated with an increase in suicidal ideation among those who experience unmet belongingness needs. Research is needed to understand how to accurately assess suicide risk among Nepali older adults.

Hope therapy: Can it treat hopelessness and internal locus of control on diabetes mellitus patients?

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are always required to be able to control a healthy lifestyle throughout their life to avoid various diseases that can accompany the previous illness. However, psychological factors in the form of despair due to lack of hope make people with diabetes more depressed and less able to control behavior and maintain blood sugar stability, so an excellent internal locus of control is needed to be stronger. This study aimed to determine the effect of hope therapy in reducing hopelessness and increasing internal locus of control in people with DM. The research design used a experimental study with ten randomly selected respondents divided into two groups, namely the control group and the experimental group. Data retrieval using the locus of control scale and the beck hopelessness scale. Data analysis used non-parametric analysis, namely the Mann Whitney test, Wilcoxon test, and Spearman's Rank Correlation test. The results of the Mann-Whitney U test on the internal locus of control variable show a value of 0.000 and a p score of 0.008 (p <0.05), it can be concluded that there are differences in the internal locus of control in the experimental group compared to the internal locus of control in the control group. The hopelessness variable shows a value of 0.000 and a p score of 0.008 (p <0.05), this indicates that there is a difference in hopelessness in the experimental group and the control group. There is a decrease in hopelessness and an increase in internal locus of control in people with DM given hope therapy.

Hope therapy

Research over the past three decades has established that hope is related to positive outcomes. Hope therapy was originally developed to optimize successful goals pursuits by increasing hopeful thought. Here, we briefly review the current state of hope therapy research and offer directions for future investigations. We note that hope therapy has been adapted to be delivered in different formats, by providers from various professional backgrounds, and to participants presenting with a variety of chronic health conditions. We suggest there is a need to reach a consensus about what characterizes hope therapy. Further, we note the need for well-designed trials to test potential mechanisms of change. We believe that these future directions will result in a more efficacious hope therapy that can be widely disseminated.

Functional Impairment and Depressive Symptoms among Older Adults of Rural Nepal: The Moderating Role of Three Sources of Social Support

OBJECTIVES

This study aimed to determine whether social support from family, friends, and significant others moderated the relationship between functional impairment and depressive symptoms among Nepali older adults living in rural areas.

METHODS

The participants were 147 women (Mage = 66.71, SDage = 5.97) and 153 men (Mage = 67.41, SDage = 6.47) aged 60 years and older who lived in the rural mid-hills of Nepal. They completed the Karnofsky Performance Status Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form.

RESULTS

Only 6.3% participants experienced some degree of functional impairment. Almost half (44.33%) of participants had depressive symptoms. Social support from family and friends, but not significant others, moderated the relationship between functional impairment and depressive symptoms. Social support from family was protective for older adults with moderate to high levels of functional impairment. Social support from friends was protective at no to low levels of functional impairment.

CONCLUSIONS

Interventions aimed at increasing social support from family among Nepali older adults living in rural hilly areas may reduce depressive symptoms, particularly among those with high levels of functional impairment.

CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS

Family support is important to alleviate depressive symptoms among functionally impaired older adults.

The protective effect of grit on clinical nurses’ occupational psychological distress: Mediating and suppressing effects of Hope

As at a high-risk group of psychological distress, nurses generally experience varying degrees of stress, anxiety, and depression. This paper identifies the positive factors that may negatively regulate the psychological pain of clinical nurses and their mechanisms of action, providing reliable references for clinical nurse support management. The effects and mechanisms of hope and the two components of grit consistency of interest and perseverance of effort) on clinical nurses’ psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and stress) were observed in this study. A total of 635 Chinese clinical nurses (90.4% female) completed an anonymous questionnaire for the survey. As expected, hope, consistency of interest, and perseverance of effort were negatively correlated with the three indicators of psychological distress (r = −0.21 ~ −0.38, p < 0.01). Path analysis results showed that hope significantly mediated the negative effect of consistency of interest on psychological distress, with an effect of 12.96%. Hope also covered up the perseverance of effort on psychological distress, the effect of 110.63%. In the influence of consistency of interest and perseverance of effort on psychological distress, hope contributed a vital mediating. Based on these results, it can be concluded that grit and hope have protective effects on psychological distress in clinical nurses. Significantly increasing the level of hope or grit may effectively prevent and reduce psychological distress in clinical nurses.

Suicide Risk among Older Adults: The Moderating Role of Hope

OBJECTIVES

The current study investigated whether hope and its two components (agency and pathways) acted as protective factors by weakening the relations between perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, and acquired capability for suicide and suicide risk among older adults.

METHODS

A community sample of 594 older Australians aged from 60 to 95 years (Mage = 68.72, SDage = 6.67) completed the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised, Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire-Revised, Acquired Capability for Suicide Scale-Fearlessness about Death Scale, Adult Hope Scale, and Geriatric Depression Scale-short form.

RESULTS

After controlling for depressive symptoms and sociodemographic variables, hope and agency moderated the thwarted belongingness-suicide risk relation, and hope, agency, and pathways moderated the acquired capability for suicide-risk relation.

CONCLUSIONS

Hope may play an important role in reducing suicide risk among older adults experiencing thwarted belongingness and who have acquired the capability for suicide. Research is required to identify ways of reducing suicide risk among older adults who experience perceived burdensomeness.

CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS

Increasing hope may reduce suicide risk among older adults experiencing thwarted belongingness and who have acquired the capability for suicide.

The association between hope and quality of life in haemodialysis patients

Background:

Hope is important for patients with end-stage renal disease receiving haemodialysis (HD) and hope is associated with quality of life (QoL). Studies examining hope among the HD population are limited and, as far as the authors know, have not been undertaken in Jordan.

Aims:

To examine levels of hope and QoL and to examine the association between hope and QoL in HD patients in Jordan.

Methods:

A cross-sectional design was used. A convenience sample of 202 patients from six different dialysis centres was recruited. The World Health Organization QOL-BREF and the Herth Hope Index were used.

Findings:

Moderate levels of hope (M=32.3±4.1) were reported. Respondents reported low mean scores for the physical domain of QoL (M=48.3±21.1) but not for the psychological and social relationship domains. Higher hope scores were associated with better QoL.

Conclusion:

The findings suggest a positive relationship between the level of hope and QoL in people receiving HD. Encouraging hope while caring for HD patients in clinical settings may improve their QoL. Understanding the relationship between hope and QoL may help healthcare providers to improve the quality of care for patients and their families.

Hope-based interventions in chronic disease: an integrative review in the light of Nightingale

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the available evidence in the scientific literature about the strategies or interventions used to promote hope in people with chronic diseases. Method: An integrative literature review of literature published between 2009-2019, which was conducted in online browsers/databases: b-On, EBSCO, PubMed, Medline, ISI, SciELO, PsycINFO, Google Scholar. Forty-one studies were found, of which eight met the inclusion criteria. Results: Most studies used a quantitative approach. There was a predominance of studies from Asia and America, addressing patients with multiple sclerosis, diabetes, congestive heart failure, and cancer. Hope-based interventions were categorized by the hope attributes: experiential process, spiritual/transcendence process, rational thought process, and relational process. Conclusion: Hope-based interventions, in its essence, are good clinical practices in the physical, psychological, social and spiritual domains. This is congruent with the vision of nursing, first proposed by Florence Nightingale. There seem to be gaps in the literature regarding specific hope promoting interventions.

Hope Springs: Moderating the Link Between Racial Discrimination and Depressive Symptoms for African American Emerging Adults

To better understand the moderating effect of coping mechanisms (distraction and rumination) and internal assets (hope) on the relationship between perceived discrimination and depressive symptoms, a sample of 363 African American students (65.3% female; mean age = 20.25 years; SD = 2.39) from two large Midwestern universities were surveyed using self-report measures. Hierarchical multiple regressions were used to explore the relationships among the variables and depressive symptoms. Results indicated that discrimination (B = 0.10, p < .001) and ruminative coping (B = 1.05, p < .001) were positively related to depressive symptoms, while hope was negatively related to depression (B = −0.33, p < .001). Further, the relationship between discrimination and depressive symptoms was moderated by hope (B = 0.01, p = .02). The interaction between discrimination and depressive symptoms suggested that participants who reported low levels of hope also reported more depressive symptoms regardless of level of discrimination, compared with those who reported high hope. For these African American emerging adults, the results bring to light the potential of an internal asset that aids in reduction of depressive symptoms in response to constant, potential harm such as racial discrimination.