A comparative evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy and flow characteristics of two epoxy resin-based sealers-AH plus and Perma Evolution: An in vitro study

In vitro assessment of antibacterial activity in four endodontic sealers against Staphylococcus aureus and Kocuria rhizophila using agar diffusion test

In this in vitro study, we assessed the antibacterial efficacy of four endodontic sealers-resin AH26, EndoRez, calcium hydroxide (Apexit), and pure zinc oxide-against Enterococcus faecalis. The agar diffusion test was employed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of the sealers in vitro, with distilled water serving as a control. The sealers were prepared following the manufacturer's instructions and placed in wells of 50 agar plates, each inoculated with 15 samples of Kocuria rhizophila and Staphylococcus aureus. Inhibition zones were assessed after 72, 120, and 168 hours of anaerobic incubation at 37°C for 196 hours. Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman tests were used for data analysis. Positive control plates exhibited bacterial growth in all specified periods. AH26 demonstrated significantly higher antibacterial effectiveness against both bacterium types compared to the other sealers (P<0.01). Pure zinc oxide exhibited moderate antibacterial activity, while Apexit and EndoRez showed the lowest activity against S. aureus and no activity against K. rhizophila. AH26 had the highest antibacterial effect, and EndoRez had the lowest (P<0.05). In terms of inhibiting bacterial growth, the effectiveness of root canal sealers was ranked as follows: AH26 > Pure Zinc Oxide >Apexit/EndoRez.

Effect of final irrigating solutions on penetration depth of resin-based sealers into dentinal tubules

Background:

The goal of root canal therapy depends on chemomechanical debridement and three-dimensional filling of the root canal system.[1]

Aim:

The aim of this study is to assess the effect of NaOCl + Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and Twin Kleen as a final irrigating solution on the depth of penetration of AH Plus and Perma Evolution sealers into the dentinal tubules.

Materials and Methods:

Forty mandibular premolars were decoronated and instrumented up to size 30. Moreover, randomly assigned into two groups based on final rinse Group A (n = 20): 5.25% NaOCl + 17% EDTA. Group B (n = 20): Twin Kleen solution. Resin sealers were labeled with few grains of fluorescent rhodamine B dye and subdivided into two subgroups, Subgroup A1and B1 (n¹= 10): AH Plus; Subgroup A2 and B2 (n²= 10): Perma Evolution and obturated. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to examine the sections taken 2, 5, and 8 mm from the apex. Images were exported to Image J software to determine the sealer penetration depth.

Statistical Analysis:

Independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's HSD post hoc test.

Results:

Maximum depth of sealer penetration was seen in Twin Kleen in all sections. Perma Evolution showed highest sealer penetration at the middle and apical third region of root canal for both groups.

Conclusions:

Final irrigation with Twin Kleen produced highest sealer penetration than with EDTA.

To compare and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of three different root canal sealers: An In Vitro Study

AIM OF THE STUDY

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the antimicrobial activity of three different root canal sealers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In this study, the antimicrobial activity of three different root canal sealers were compared against two strains of bacteria Enterococcus faecalis which is known to be common isolates of necrotic pulp and endodontic lesions. This test was done at various time intervals (1, 6, 15, and 60 min) using agar diffusion test and direct contact test.

RESULTS

Bioceramic showed the best antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis among the three groups of sealers used. Moreover, the results were statistically analyzed.

CONCLUSION

Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that Bioceramic sealer showed the best antimicrobial activity followed by MTA Fillapex and Apexit.