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Piyush G, Kalyan SS, Aparna UP, Khyati G, Basawaraj B. Effects of novel additives on the mechanical and Biological properties of glass ionomer cement: An in vitro study. JOURNAL OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS 2024; 27:503-507. [PMID: 38939535 PMCID: PMC11205172 DOI: 10.4103/jcde.jcde_81_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Aim To evaluate the efficacy of incorporated novel additives in Glass Ionomer Cement to ameliorate biocompatibility and mechanical properties. Introduction Though Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) has multiple advantages, it is not strong enough for medical applications, and its biocompatibility is questionable. To improve biocompatibility and its mechanical properties, a study was performed to investigate the potential benefits of adding graphene, carbon nanotubes, hydroxyapatite, and bioactive glass to GIC. The objective was to enhance both the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of GIC. Material and Method Modified Glass Ionomer Cement was prepared by creating five groups. Hydroxyapatite, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, graphene, and bioactive glass were incorporated in a 10:1 weight ratio, respectively. Group 5 was designated as the control group and used Fuji Type II GIC. After preparing 90 samples, they were kept in deionized water for a day and then evaluated their compressive strength, microhardness, and diametral tensile strength, and also checked their in vitro cytotoxicity by direct contact with L929 mammalian fibroblast cells. Statistical Analysis The data were examined using mean and standard deviation descriptive statistics. The comparative evaluation was done via Tukey HSD test and one-way ANOVA using S.P.S.S. software. Result It showed that Group 3 had better results in compressive strength (144.478+- 3.989), diametral tensile strength (20.29+- 0.8601), and microhardness (131+-3.536) when compared with other groups while in the biocompatibility (viability %) Group 1 [82.55], Group 3 [76.49], Group 4 [87.63], while Group 2[58.02]. Conclusion Group 3 has better physical properties in microhardness, diametral tensile strength, and compressive strength, than the other groups. In Biocompatibility, Group 1, Group 3, Group 4, and Group 5 were noncytotoxic at the same time multi-walled carbon nanotubes group (Group 2) had cytotoxic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gupta Piyush
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, BhaBha Dental College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - S. Sai Kalyan
- Director, Prevest Research Institute, Prevest Denpro Limited, Jammu, India
| | - U. Palekar Aparna
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Rural Dental College, PIMS loni, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gupta Khyati
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Sharad Pawar Dental College, DMIHER, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Biradar Basawaraj
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Rural Dental College, PIMS loni, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
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Vilela HS, Resende MCA, Trinca RB, Scaramucci T, Sakae LO, Braga RR. Glass ionomer cement with calcium-releasing particles: Effect on dentin mineral content and mechanical properties. Dent Mater 2024; 40:236-243. [PMID: 37981512 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to evaluate the effect a glass ionomer cement (GIC) containing hydroxyapatite (HAp) or calcium silicate (CaSi) particles on mineral content and mechanical properties of demineralized dentin. Ion release and compressive strength (CS) of the cements were also evaluated. METHODS GIC (Fuji 9 Gold Label, GC), GIC+ 5%HAp and GIC+ 5%CaSi (by mass) were evaluated. Ion release was determined by induced coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (Ca2+/Sr2+) or ion-specific electrode (F-) (n = 3). A composite (Filtek Z250, 3 M ESPE) was used as control in remineralization tests. Demineralized dentin discs were kept in contact with materials in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 °C for eight weeks. Mineral:matrix ratio (MMR) was determined by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy (n = 5). Dentin hardness (H) and elastic modulus (E) were determined by nanoindentation (n = 10). CS was tested after 24 h and 7d in deionized water (n = 12). Data were analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Ca2+ and Sr2+ release was higher for the modified materials (p < 0.05). Only GIC+ 5%HAp showed higher F- release than the control (p < 0.05). All groups showed statistically significant increases in MMR, with no differences among them after 8 weeks (p > 0.05). No differences in dentin H or E were observed among groups (p > 0.05). HAp-modified GIC showed increased initial CS, while adding CaSi had the opposite effect (p < 0.05). After 7 days, GIC+ 5%CaSi presented lower CS in relation to control and GIC+ 5%HAp (p < 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE GIC modification with HAp or CaSi affected CS and increased ion release; however, none of the groups showed evidence of dentin remineralization in comparison to the negative control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handially S Vilela
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana C A Resende
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael B Trinca
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Taís Scaramucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leticia O Sakae
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto R Braga
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Vilela HS, Trinca RB, Alves TVM, Scaramucci T, Sakae LO, Mariano FS, Giannini M, Silva FRO, Braga RR. Effect of a calcium silicate cement and experimental glass ionomer cements containing calcium orthophosphate particles on demineralized dentin. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:97. [PMID: 38225525 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05489-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aims to evaluate the effect of a glass ionomer cement (GIC; Fuji 9 Gold Label, GC) with added calcium orthophosphate particles and a calcium silicate cement (CSC; Biodentine, Septodont) regarding ion release, degradation in water, mineral content, and mechanical properties of demineralized dentin samples. METHODS GIC, GIC + 5% DCPD (dicalcium phosphate dihydrate), GIC + 15% DCPD, GIC + 5% β-TCP (tricalcium phosphate), GIC + 15% β-TCP (by mass), and CSC were evaluated for Ca2+/Sr2+/F- release in water for 56 days. Cement mass loss was evaluated after 7-day immersion in water. Partially demineralized dentin disks were kept in contact with materials while immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 °C for 56 days. The "mineral-to-matrix ratio" (MMR) was determined by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Dentin hardness and elastic modulus were obtained by nanoindentation. Samples were observed under scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Data were analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Ca2+ release from CSC and GIC (μg/cm2) were 4737.0 ± 735.9 and 13.6 ± 1.6, respectively. In relation to the unmodified GIC, the addition of DCPD or β-TCP increased ion release (p < 0.001). Only the dentin disks in contact with CSC presented higher MMR (p < 0.05) and mechanical properties than those restored with a resin composite used as control (p < 0.05). Mass loss was similar for GIC and CSC; however, the addition of DCPD or β-TCP increased GIC degradation (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Despite the increase in ion release, the additional Ca2+ sources did not impart remineralizing capability to GIC. Both unmodified GIC and CSC showed similar degradation in water. CLINICAL RELEVANCE CSC was able to promote dentin remineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handially S Vilela
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Rafael B Trinca
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Tarsila V M Alves
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Tais Scaramucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leticia O Sakae
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávia S Mariano
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Giannini
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávia R O Silva
- Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto R Braga
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
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Sharafeddin F, Ghodrati P. Evaluation of the Effect of Nanographene Oxide on Microleakage of Conventional and Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer. Int J Dent 2023; 2023:8853495. [PMID: 38021348 PMCID: PMC10653959 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8853495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives One of the important features of the restorative materials is the ability to seal and prevent the microleakage. Glass ionomer cement (GIC) still exhibits some microleakage despite establishing a chemical bond to the tooth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nanographene oxide (nGO) on the microleakage of conventional (CGIC) and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC). Methods Thirty intact extracted molars were used. Class V cavities were prepared on their buccal and lingual surfaces. The samples randomly divided into two main groups of CGIC and RMGIC; each of them was randomly subdivided into three subgroups, including the group without nGO (control), the group with 1% nGO, and the group with 2% nGO. After restoring the cavities, they were subjected to thermocycling (1,000 cycles at 5/55°C). Two percent basic fuchsin solution was used to perform the microleakage test, and then the sectioned samples were examined by a stereomicroscope 40x. Kruskal-Wallis test, Dunn's test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze the data (P < 0.05). Results Group CGIC + 1% nGO at the gingival margin and group RMGIC + 1% nGO at both gingival and occlusal margins had significantly less microleakage than their control groups (P=0.008, P=0.002, P=0.023, respectively). Also, in these two groups, there were no significant differences between the microleakage of the occlusal and gingival margins (P=0.132, P=0.511, respectively), while in all other groups, the gingival microleakage was significantly higher than that of occlusal microleakage. Conclusions The addition of 1% nGO significantly reduced the gingival microleakage of CGIC and the occlusal and the gingival microleakage of RMGIC, while the addition of 2% nGO did not cause a significant reduction in microleakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farahnaz Sharafeddin
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parisa Ghodrati
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Ghodrati P, Sharafeddin F. Evaluation of the effect of nano-graphene oxide on shear bond strength of conventional and resin-modified glass ionomer cement. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:851-858. [PMID: 37737558 PMCID: PMC10582219 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recently, nano-graphene oxide (nGO), a material with unique mechanical properties, has been introduced to improve the properties of glass ionomer cement (GIC). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of adding nGO on the shear bond strength (SBS) of conventional (CGIC) and resin-modified GIC (RMGIC). METHODS Sixty intact molars were mounted and their occlusal surface was cut at a depth of 1 mm below the dentinoenamel junction. 1 wt.% and 2 wt.% of nGO (US Research Nanomaterials, Inc.) were added to CGIC and RMGIC (GC Corporation). The samples were randomly divided into six groups (n = 10), including 1: CGIC, 2: CGIC + 1% GO, 3: CGIC + 2% GO, 4: RMGIC, 5: RMGIC + 1% GO, and 6: RMGIC + 2% GO. Plastic molds were placed on the surface of the dentin pretreated with 10% polyacrylic acid (GC Corporation) and filled with prepared cement according to the manufacturer's instruction. After 24 h of storage in an incubator, the SBS test was done by the universal testing machine. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey tests (p < .05). RESULTS In the group of CGIC, mean SBS was significantly lower than all other study groups (p < .001), and groups 5 (RMGIC + 1% GO) and 6 (RMGIC + 2% GO) showed significantly higher values compared to all other study groups (p < .001). However, the difference between groups 2 and 3, as well as the difference between groups 5 and 6, was not significant (p = .999 andp = .994, respectively). RMGI groups had significantly higher SBS than their corresponding CGIC groups. CONCLUSIONS The addition of 1% and 2% nGO significantly increased the SBS of CGIC and RMGIC to the dentin, which can be considered as a promising point for wider clinical application of this material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Ghodrati
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Biomaterials Research Center, School of DentistryShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Farahnaz Sharafeddin
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of DentistryShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
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Evaluation of the Effect of Nanoparticle Graphene Oxide on Flexural Strength of Glass Ionomer Cements. Int J Dent 2023; 2023:8183167. [PMID: 36756382 PMCID: PMC9902112 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8183167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Glass ionomer (GIC) is a widely used restorative material in dentistry, but it has relatively weak mechanical properties. In this research, the effect of graphene oxide (GO) on the flexural strength of GIC was investigated. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, 60 GIC samples in 6 groups of 10 were prepared, including Group 1: control conventional glass ionomer (CGIC), Group 2: CGIC + 1% wt of GO, Group 3: CGIC + 2% wt of GO, Group 4: control resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI), Group 5: RMGI + 1% wt of GO, and Group 6: RMGI + 2% wt of GO. The samples were kept for 24 hours. The flexural strength of the samples was measured by using a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and posthoc Tukey test. (P < 0.05). Results In the RMGI groups, the mean flexural strength value of the RMGI + 2% GO group was significantly higher than that of the RMGI control group (P=0.027). In the comparison of RMGI groups with their corresponding CGIC groups, the mean flexural strength values of all RMGI groups were significantly more than CGIC groups (P < 0.001). RMGI + 1% GO was not significantly different from control RMGI and RMGI + 2% GO (P=0.802, P=0.395, respectively). There was no significant difference between CGIC groups. Conclusion Adding 2% by weight of GO to RMGI increases the flexural strength of RMGI, which could be of great importance in clinical practice in order to reinforce the mechanical properties of this dental material. The flexural strength of RMGI is higher than that of CGIC.
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Ghashami M, Nouri F, Heidari S, Mohammadpour M, Mirzadeh M, Asgari N. Comparative evaluation of net setting time and radiopacity in Fuji II (GC-Japan) restorative glass ionomer and Iranian glass ionomer. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2022; 19:109. [PMID: 36605139 PMCID: PMC9807932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Comparing the net setting time and radiopacity of an Iranian glass ionomer cement (GIC) and Fuji II (GC, Japan) according to ISO 9917-1:2007 standard. Materials and Methods In this experimental/in vitro study, for both tests, we prepared 20 samples of Fuji II glass ionomer (self-cure restorative glass ionomer, batch number: 1608031, GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) and Iranian glass ionomer (Ava Tajhiz Dandan-Iran) at P/L of 2/7:1. Then, to determine the net setting time, we prepared a metal mold with dimensions of 10 mm in length, 8 mm in width, and 5 mm in height. Ninety seconds after mixing, the surface of the sample was subjected to the indenter, and the net setting time was recorded as the time elapsed between the end of the mixing and the time needle stopped making a complete circular indentation. To determine radiopacity, the specimens were poured into a mold with a diameter of 15 mm and thickness of 1 mm. Samples and a step wedge were irradiated with X-rays. Particle size analysis and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis were also done for both cements. Test results were investigated with SPSS and through independent t-test (P < 0.05). Results The mean value of net setting time for Fuji II was 4.83 min and for the Iranian Glass ionomer was 3.83 min (P < 0.05). The mean value of radiopacity for Fuji II was 2.3 mmAL and for Iranian Glass ionomer was 1.9 mmAl (P < 0.05). Conclusion Net setting time and radiopacity of the glass ionomers were within the range of ISO 9917-1:2007. If all properties of the Iranian cement are set appropriately in future investigations, we propose to use it instead of Fuji II GIC. This has the additional benefit of being cost-efficient as Iranian cement costs less than Fuji II cement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fahimeh Nouri
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Dental Caries Prevention Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran,Address for correspondence: Dr. Fahimeh Nouri, Department of Operative Dentistry, Dental Caries Prevention Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. E-mail:
| | | | - Mahdis Mohammadpour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Monirsadat Mirzadeh
- Department of Community Medicine, Metabolic Disease Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Nayereh Asgari
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University of Qazvin, Qazvin, Iran
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Sharafeddin F, Moraveji P. Comparison the Effect of Bromelain Enzyme, Phosphoric Acid, and Polyacrylic Acid Treatment on Microleakage of Composite and Glass Ionomer Restorations. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (SHIRAZ, IRAN) 2022; 23:175-182. [PMID: 36380843 PMCID: PMC9652053 DOI: 10.30476/dentjods.2021.88737.1355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Statement of the Problem Resin modified glass-ionomer cement (RMGIC) shows low microleakage values. Bromelain enzyme is a deproteinizing agent with an anti-inflammatory effect in human body.Efective cavity treatment is an important factor in reduction of microleakage. Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the deproteinizing aspect of 10% bromelain enzyme on the microleakage of RMGIC and composite restorations. Materials and Method In this experimental study, 40 non-carious extracted human molar teeth were categorized in eight experimental groups (n=5). Standard class V cavities were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces of the teeth (n=10). The specimen were classified as Group 1, in which 20% polyacrylic acid (PAA) was applied on the teeth then treated with 10% bromelain enzyme; Group 2: 10% bromelain enzyme was applied; Group 3: 10% bromelain enzyme was applied and then treated with polyacrylic acid; Group 4: 20% polyacrylic acid was applied. Groups1 to 4 were restored with RMGIC (Fuji II LC, GC, Japan). Group 5: etched by 37% phosphoric acid and then treated by 10% bromelain; Group 6: 10% bromelain enzyme was applied without etching; Group 7: teeth were deproteinized with 10% bromelain enzyme and then etched with 37% phosphoric acid; and Group 8: cavities were etched with 37% phosphoric acid. In the groups 5 to 8, Adper single bond (3M, ESPE, USA) and filled with composite resin Z350 (3M, ESPE, USA). After thermocycling, the teeth were sectioned. Microleakage scores were measured using stereomicroscope (40×). Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used for data analysis. (p< 0.05). Results Statistical analysis did not show any significant difference in occlusal and gingival margin microleakage in glass ionomer groups (1-4) (occlusal p= 0.218, gingival p= 0.192). Kruskal-Wallis revealed significant difference in occlusal and gingival margin microleakage of Groups 5 to 8 (occlusal p= 0.006 and gingival p= 0.00). Group 5 demonstrated the lowest occlusal microleakage (occlusal mean=0.00). Conclusion Applying bromelain or polyacrylic acid did not affect the microleakage of glass ionomer filling. Due to the antinflamatory effects of bromelain, we suggest using it instead of PAA. Pretreatment of 10% bromelain enzyme after phosphoric acid significantly decreased microleakage in the occlusal and gingival margin of composite filling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farahnaz Sharafeddin
- Dept. of Operative Dentistry, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Paniz Moraveji
- Undergraduate Student, Dept. of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Malik Z, Qasim Butt D, Qasim Butt Z, Muhammad N, Kaleem M, Liaqat S, Adnan Khan M, Samad Khan A. Evolution of Anticariogenic Resin‐Modified Glass Ionomer Cements. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.202100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuleikha Malik
- National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Department of Dental Materials Rawalpindi Pakistan
| | - Danial Qasim Butt
- Dental College HITEC-IMS Department of Oral Pathology Taxila Cantt Pakistan
| | - Zainab Qasim Butt
- National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Department of Dental Materials Rawalpindi Pakistan
| | - Nawshad Muhammad
- Khyber Medical University Department of Dental Materials Institute of Basic Medical Sciences 25100 Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kaleem
- National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Department of Dental Materials Rawalpindi Pakistan
| | - Saad Liaqat
- Khyber Medical University Department of Dental Materials Institute of Basic Medical Sciences 25100 Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Khan
- Khyber Medical University Department of Dental Materials Institute of Basic Medical Sciences 25100 Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Abdul Samad Khan
- Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Department of Restorative Dental Sciences College of Dentistry Dammam Saudi Arabia
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Sharafeddin F, Alavi AA, Siabani S, Safari M. Comparison of Shear Bond Strength of Three Types of Glass Ionomer Cements Containing Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles to Deep and Superficial Dentin. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (SHIRAZ, IRAN) 2020; 21:132-140. [PMID: 32582829 PMCID: PMC7280551 DOI: 10.30476/dentjods.2019.77762.0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Statement of the Problem The clinical success of glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorations depends on the strength of its bonding to dentin, yet the bond strength of nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) added GIC to dentin needs to be investigated. Purpose This study aimed to assess if the type of GIC containing nHAp and dentin depth could affect the shear bond strength (SBS). Materials and Method In this experimental study, 60 freshly extracted intact third molars were randomly divided into two main groups of flat occlusal dentin with different cuts as superficial (S); just below the dentinoenamel junction (DEJ) and deep (D); 2mm below DEJ. After conditioning with 20% polyacrylic acid, each group were randomly assigned to the tested GIC (n=10) subgroups as (1) Fuji IX Extra+nHAp, (2) Fuji II LC+nHAp and (3) Zirconomer+nHAp. Plastic tubes were placed on the pre-treated surfaces and filled with one of the GIC, then stored in an incubator at 37 oC and 100% humidity for 24hr. The specimens were thermocycled at5/55 oC for 500 cycles and subjected to SBS test using a universal testing machine (1 mm/min). The data analyzed by Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis test (p< 0.05). Results The means of SBS of Fuji II LC+nHAp was significantly higher than Fuji IX+nHAp and Zirconomer+nHAp both in superficial and deep dentin (p< 0.05). The means of SBS of Fuji IX Extra+nHAp and Zirconomer+nHAp subgroups in superficial dentin were higher than deep dentin, this differences was statistically significant (p= 0.0001 and p= 0.009, respectively). Conclusion It can conclude that SBS was influenced by type of GIC and depth of dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farahnaz Sharafeddin
- Dept. of Operative Dentistry, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medial Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Alavi
- Dept. of Operative Dentistry, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medial Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saba Siabani
- Postgraduate Student, Dept. of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mina Safari
- Postgraduate Student, Dept. of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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