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New vision for improving oral hygiene status of visually impaired students aged from 9 to 17 years

Background:

Visually impaired patients are at a higher risk of developing periodontal disease because of greater difficulty in attaining good oral hygiene. This study aims to assess and compare the oral hygiene status of visually impaired students before and after oral health education interventions using special customized methods.

Methods:

The present study was a randomized control trial of 180 visually impaired students divided into three groups. Each group includes 60 students selected randomly from blind school. Oral health education was given using Braille in Group 1, Audio Tactile performance (ATP) technique in Group 2, and a combination of Braille and ATP technique in Group 3. Plaque index (PI) scores and gingival index (GI) scores were calculated and evaluated at baseline and after 3 months. Intergroup comparison and intragroup comparison of PI and GI at baseline and 3 months was by using one way ANOVA and Paired t test, respectively.

Results:

There was a highly significant difference seen for the intergroup comparison of post PI (P < 0.01) and post GI (P < 0.01) with least mean in Group 3. There was a statistically highly significant difference seen for the intra group comparison of pre and post PI and GI (P < 0.01) with lesser means in post as compared to pre in all three groups.

Conclusions:

Visually impaired children could maintain an acceptable level of oral hygiene when taught using combination of Braille and ATP technique.