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Tippareddy C, Martinez OM, Benza AR, Bera K, Ramaiya N, Tirumani SH. From guidelines to radiology practice: navigating the 2023 ASCO guidelines for advanced gastroesophageal cancer and beyond. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2024:10.1007/s00261-024-04499-y. [PMID: 39123051 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-024-04499-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) updated the guidelines for the treatment of advanced gastroesophageal (GE) cancer in 2023, signifying a major shift towards targeted therapeutics and precision medicine. This article serves as an imaging-based review of recent developments in the care of patients with GE cancer. We cover the epidemiology, the developing treatment paradigms, and the imaging assessment of GE malignancy. In addition, this review aims to familiarize radiologists with the unique adverse effects pertaining to therapeutics, surgeries, radiation therapies, and associated imaging corollaries. A case-based approach will be used to both explore the efficacy of modern treatments and demonstrate their adverse effects, such as chemotherapy-associated pneumonitis, radiation esophagitis, and anastomotic failure. With this comprehensive exploration of gastroesophageal cancer, radiologists will be equipped with the essential tools to inform the treatment decisions made by medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, and surgical oncologists in the new era of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charit Tippareddy
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, 1110 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | | | - Andrew R Benza
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, 1110 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kaustav Bera
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, 1110 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nikhil Ramaiya
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, 1110 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sree Harsha Tirumani
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, 1110 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
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2
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Qureshi Z, Jamil A, Fatima E, Altaf F, Siddique R, Shah S. Pembrolizumab in combination with trastuzumab for treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric or gastro-esophageal junction cancer. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:4647-4656. [PMID: 39118760 PMCID: PMC11305801 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000002305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gastric cancer remains a challenging malignancy with a high global mortality rate. Recent advances in targeted therapy and immunotherapy have shown promise in improving patient outcomes. This paper reviews the impact of incorporating targeted agents such as trastuzumab and immunotherapeutic agents like pembrolizumab into standard chemotherapy regimens for gastric cancer treatment. Methods A comprehensive analysis was conducted on pivotal clinical trials, including KEYNOTE-590, KEYNOTE-811, and ToGA, focusing on their methodologies, patient populations, treatment regimens, and outcome measures. The review also explored emerging research avenues in precision medicine, particularly genomic sequencing and biomarker identification. Aim To assess the efficacy and survival benefits of adding trastuzumab and pembrolizumab to standard chemotherapy in the treatment of gastric cancer and to outline future directions in gastric cancer research. Results Including trastuzumab and pembrolizumab in treatment regimens for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive and PD-L1-expressing gastric cancers significantly improved progression-free and overall survival rates compared to chemotherapy alone. These findings highlight the potential of personalized therapy in enhancing treatment outcomes. Furthermore, ongoing research into the gastric cancer microenvironment and the role of the microbiome suggests novel targets for future therapeutic interventions. Conclusion The integration of targeted and immunotherapeutic agents with traditional chemotherapy represents a pivotal shift in gastric cancer treatment, moving towards more personalized and effective regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaheer Qureshi
- The Frank H. Netter M.D. School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University, Bridgeport, CT
| | - Abdur Jamil
- Department of Medicine, Samaritan Medical Centre, Watertown, NY
| | - Eeshal Fatima
- Department of Medicine, Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faryal Altaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai/BronxCare Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Shivendra Shah
- Department of Medicine, Nepalgunj Medical College, Chisapani, Nepal
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3
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Janiczek-Polewska M, Kolenda T, Poter P, Kozłowska-Masłoń J, Jagiełło I, Regulska K, Malicki J, Marszałek A. Diagnostic Potential of miR-143-5p, miR-143-3p, miR-551b-5p, and miR-574-3p in Chemoresistance of Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Preliminary Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8057. [PMID: 39125625 PMCID: PMC11311514 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in the world. Although the incidence is decreasing in developed countries, the treatment results are still unsatisfactory. The standard treatment for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) is gastrectomy with perioperative chemotherapy. The association of selected microRNAs (miRNAs) with chemoresistance was assessed using archival material of patients with LAGC. Histological material was obtained from each patient via a biopsy performed during gastroscopy and then after surgery, which was preceded by four cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) according to the FLOT or FLO regimen. The expression of selected miRNAs in the tissue material was assessed, including miRNA-21-3p, miRNA-21-5p, miRNA-106a-5p, miRNA-122-3p, miRNA-122-5p, miRNA-143-3p, miRNA-143-5p, miRNA-203a-3p, miRNA-203-5p, miRNA-551b-3p, miRNA-551b-5p, and miRNA-574-3p. miRNA expression was assessed using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The response to NAC was assessed using computed tomography of the abdomen and chest and histopathology after gastrectomy. The statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism 9. The significance limit was set at p < 0.05. We showed that the expression of miR-143-3p, miR-143-5p, and miR-574-3p before surgery, and miR-143-5p and miR-574-3p after surgery, decreased in patients with GC. The expression of miR-143-3p, miR-143-5p, miR-203a-3p, and miR-551b-5p decreased in several patients who responded to NAC. The miRNA most commonly expressed in these cases was miRNA-551b-5p. Moreover, it showed expression in a patient whose response to chemotherapy was inconsistent between the histopathological results and computed tomography. The expression of miR-143-3p, miR-143-5p, miR-203a-3p, and miR-551b-5p in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPET) samples can help differentiate between the responders and non-responders to NAC in LAGC. miR-143-3p, miR-143-5p, and miR-574-3p expression may be used as a potential diagnostic tool in GC patients. The presence of miR-551b-5p may support the correct assessment of a response to NAC in GC via CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlena Janiczek-Polewska
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Electroradiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kolenda
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
- Research and Implementation Unit, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Paulina Poter
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Kozłowska-Masłoń
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
- Research and Implementation Unit, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland;
- Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Inga Jagiełło
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Regulska
- Research and Implementation Unit, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland;
- Pharmacy, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Collegium Pharmaceuticum, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Julian Malicki
- Department of Electroradiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Marszałek
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
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Hnatyszyn A, Szalata M, Zielińska A, Wielgus K, Danielewski M, Hnatyszyn PT, Pławski A, Walkowiak J, Słomski R. Mutations in Helicobacter pylori infected patients with chronic gastritis, intestinal type of gastric cancer and familial gastric cancer. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2024; 22:9. [PMID: 38867324 PMCID: PMC11167877 DOI: 10.1186/s13053-024-00282-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of sequential changes of mucous leading to gastric cancer and familial cases of gastric cancer of intestinal type is widely connected with Helicobacter pylori infections. In this study we analysed variants of genes involved in cancerogenesis and inflammatory processes of intestines in patients infected with H.pylori. Our goal was to test whether mutations in these genes predestinate to development of gastric cancer, and whether there is a genetic factor that makes it more likely for infections with H.pylori to cause gastric cancer. As infections with H. pylori are relatively common, discovering such genetic predispositions could be used for establishing risk-groups and for planning treatments. METHODS Our studies cover analysis of variants in genes involved in cancerogenesis: TP53 (rs11540652, rs587782329, COSM10771), MSH2 (rs193922376), MLH1 (rs63750217), and inflammatory processes of intestine: NOD2 (rs2066847, rs2066842), IL1A (rs1800587) and IL1B (rs1143634) from H.pylori-infected patients. RESULTS Mutations were more common in the group of patients with gastric cancer of intestinal type and familial cases of gastric cancer in comparison with patients with chronic gastritis, chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia or gastric cancer (p-value = 0.00824), with the prevalence of p53 mutations in patients with familial gastric cancer vs. patients with other changes of mucosa (p-value = 0.000049). Additionally, gastric cancer patients have mainly genotype TT or CT of the rs2066842 variant of the NOD2 gene. CONCLUSIONS The lack of statistically significant changes of other interleukin genes involved in inflammatory processes may suggest the presence of H.pylori infection as a potential trigger for the development of the inflammatory process of the mucosa, leading through microbiota dysbiosis to the development of enteric gastric cancer. Mutations in analysed genes correlated with more severe mucosal changes, with a much more frequent presence of TP53 gene mutations, with a limited presence of other mutations in the familial history of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Hnatyszyn
- Independent Public Health Care Centre in Nowa Sol, Multispecialty Hospital, Chalubinskiego 7, Nowa Sol, 67-100, Poland
| | - Marlena Szalata
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, Poznań, 60-632, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Zielińska
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants National Research Institute, Wojska Polskiego 71B, Poznań, 60-630, Poland
| | - Karolina Wielgus
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, Poznań, 60-572, Poland
| | - Mikołaj Danielewski
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, Poznań, 60-572, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej Pławski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, Poznań, 60-479, Poland
- Department of General, Endocrinological Surgery and Gastrointestinal Oncology, Institute of Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, Poznań, 60-355, Poland
| | - Jarosław Walkowiak
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, Poznań, 60-572, Poland
| | - Ryszard Słomski
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants National Research Institute, Wojska Polskiego 71B, Poznań, 60-630, Poland.
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, Poznań, 60-479, Poland.
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Xie K, Lin B, Sun X, Zhu P, Liu C, Liu G, Cao X, Pan J, Qiu S, Yuan X, Liang M, Jiang J, Yuan L. Identification and classification of the genomes of novel microviruses in poultry slaughterhouse. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1393153. [PMID: 38756731 PMCID: PMC11096546 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1393153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Microviridae is a family of phages with circular ssDNA genomes and they are widely found in various environments and organisms. In this study, virome techniques were employed to explore potential members of Microviridae in a poultry slaughterhouse, leading to the identification of 98 novel and complete microvirus genomes. Using a similarity clustering network classification approach, these viruses were found to belong to at least 6 new subfamilies within Microviridae and 3 higher-level taxonomic units. Genome size, GC content and genome structure of these new taxa showed evident regularities, validating the rationality of our classification method. Our method can divide microviruses into about 45 additional detailed clusters, which may serve as a new standard for classifying Microviridae members. Furthermore, by addressing the scarcity of host information for microviruses, the current study significantly broadened their host range and discovered over 20 possible new hosts, including important pathogenic bacteria such as Helicobacter pylori and Vibrio cholerae, as well as different taxa demonstrated different host specificities. The findings of this study effectively expand the diversity of the Microviridae family, providing new insights for their classification and identification. Additionally, it offers a novel perspective for monitoring and controlling pathogenic microorganisms in poultry slaughterhouse environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keming Xie
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Benfu Lin
- Huadu District Animal Health Supervision Institution, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinyu Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xudong Cao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jingqi Pan
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Suiping Qiu
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoqi Yuan
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengshi Liang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingzhe Jiang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lihong Yuan
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Mei L, Feng J, Zhao L, Zheng X, Li X. Nomogram for predicting survival of patients with gastric cancer and multiple primary malignancies: a real-world retrospective analysis using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231187944. [PMID: 37572023 PMCID: PMC10423457 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231187944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gastric cancer combined with multiple primary malignancies (GCM) is increasingly common. This study investigated GCM clinical features and survival time. METHODS Patients with GCM and GC only (GCO) were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Survival was compared between GCM and GCO groups using propensity score matching. Then, the GCM group was divided into a training cohort and a validation cohort. These cohorts were used to establish a nomogram for survival prediction in patients with GCM. RESULTS Survival time was significantly longer in the GCM group than in the GCO group. All-subsets regression was used to identify four variables for nomogram establishment: age, gastric cancer sequence, N stage, and surgery. The concordance index and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve indicated that the nomogram had favorable discriminative ability. Calibration plots of predicted and actual probabilities showed good consistency in both the training and validation cohorts. Decision curve analysis and risk stratification showed that the nomogram was clinically useful; it had favorable discriminative ability to recognize patients with different levels of risk. CONCLUSIONS Compared with GCO, GCM is a relatively indolent malignancy. The nomogram developed in this study can help clinicians to assess GCM prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhang Mei
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingdan Zhao
- Department of General Practice, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaokang Zheng
- Emergency Department, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
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Li M, Zhang HY, Zhang RG. MFAP2 enhances cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells by regulating autophagy. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15441. [PMID: 37304872 PMCID: PMC10257393 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cisplatin (CDDP) is of importance in cancer treatment and widely used in advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, its clinical usage is limited due to its resistance, and the regulatory mechanism of CDDP resistance in GC has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we first conducted a comprehensive study to investigate the role of MFAP2 through bioinformatics analysis. Methods The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases were applied to downloadgene expression data and clinicopathologic data, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were further analyzed. Then, Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis and survival analysis were conducted. Furthermore, according to the clinicopathological characteristics of TCGA, clinical correlation analysis was conducted, and a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted. Results We revealed that FAP, INHBA and MFAP2 were good diagnostic factors of GC. However, the mechanism of MFAP2 in GC remains elusive, especially in the aspect of chemotherapy resistance. We developed the CDDP-resistant cell line, and found that MFAP2 was upregulated in CDDP-resistant cells, and MFAP2-knockdown improved CDDP sensitivity. Finally, we found that MFAP2 enhanced CDDP resistance by inducing autophagy in drug-resistant cell lines. Conclusions The above results suggested that MFAP2 could affect the chemotherapy resistance by altering the level of autophagy in GC patients as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Yi Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Electric Power Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rong-Gui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, China
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Alghamdi AG, Alshareef AM, Alzahrani AT, Alharthi ZS, Alghamdi SS, Alghamdi AM, Alzahrani FA, Alzahrani RA. Knowledge and Awareness About Gastric Cancer Among the General Population in Al-Baha City, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e39589. [PMID: 37384092 PMCID: PMC10294119 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer is a significant health concern worldwide, and its incidence varies across different populations. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and awareness of gastric cancer among the general population in Al-Baha City, Saudi Arabia. Methodology This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted among the residents of Al-Baha city older than 18 years. The study was conducted based on a questionnaire that has been developed by a previous study. Data were initially recorded in an Excel sheet before being exported to the SPSS program, version 25 for data analysis. Results The survey included 426 respondents from Al-Baha city, Saudi Arabia, with 56.8% being females and the majority being in the age groups (21-30 years). Alcohol consumption (mean=4.5, SD= 0.77), smoking cigarettes or Shisha (mean= 4.38, SD=0.852), family history of gastric cancer (mean= 4, SD=1.008), a past medical history of gastric cancer (mean= 3.99, SD=0.911), stomach ulcer (mean=3.76, SD=0.898), and consumption of smoked food (mean= 3.69, SD=0.956) are the most widely recognized risk factors. The most highly recognized symptoms are gastrointestinal bleeding (mean= 4.03, SD=0.875), abdominal lump (mean= 3.94, SD=0.926), weight loss (mean= 3.93, SD=0.963), recurrent nausea and vomiting (mean=3.76, SD=0.956), and abdominal pain (mean= 3.57, SD=0.995). The study also identified several subgroups of the population that may benefit from targeted educational programs, including individuals in the age group of 41-50 years and those in non-medical occupations. Conclusion The study found that participants had a moderate level of knowledge about the risk factors and symptoms of gastric cancer, with significant variability among different subgroups of the population. Further research is needed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of gastric cancer in Saudi Arabia and other similar populations, to develop effective prevention and management strategies for this disease.
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Hu S, Ma Y, Bei X, Qiao Z. Abdominal omental nodule biopsy for the diagnosis of a patient with gastrointestinal metastatic tumor. Asian J Surg 2023; 46:1511-1512. [PMID: 36184287 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Hu
- Department of Oncology, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yimin Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gaochun People's Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoming Bei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Zhenguo Qiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Wang Y, Li T, Yang L, Zhang X, Wang X, Su X, Ji C, Wang Z. Cancer-associated fibroblast-released extracellular vesicles carrying miR-199a-5p induces the progression of gastric cancer through regulation of FKBP5-mediated AKT1/mTORC1 signaling pathway. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:2590-2601. [PMID: 36005478 PMCID: PMC9704384 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2105092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has unfolded the significance of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in diseases and cancers. Here, we attempted to discuss the role of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs)-derived EVs containing miR-199a-5p in gastric tumorigenesis. Upregulated miR-199a-5p was first identified in cancer cells. Then, we selected CAFs for isolation of EVs which were co-cultured with AGS cells. We observed successful delivery of miR-199a-5p via CAF-derived EVs. Besides, miR-199a-5p promoted malignant properties of AGS cells. Moreover, miR-199a-5p downregulated FKBP5, leading to upregulated phosphorylation level of AKT1, which promoted the malignant phenotypes of AGS cells by activating mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1). Exosomal miR-199a-5p from CAFs promoted gastric tumorigenesis in vivo. Our findings point toward the critical role of CAFs-derived EVs carrying miR-199a-5p in gastric cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University & Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, P.R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University & Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University & Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, P.R. China
| | - Xunlei Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University & Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University & Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University & Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, P.R. China
| | - Congfei Ji
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University & Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, P.R. China
| | - Zhenxin Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
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Nduma BN, Ambe S, Ekhator C, Fonkem E. Falling Trend in the Epidemiology of Gastric Cancer in Mississippi From 2003 to 2019: What Mississippi Got Right. Cureus 2022; 14:e31440. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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12
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Hassen G, Kasar A, Jain N, Berry S, Dave J, Zouetr M, Priyanka Ganapathiraju VLN, Kurapati T, Oshai S, Saad M, Pathan J, Kamat S, Tirupathi R, Patel UK, Rana RK. Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) Positivity and Factors Associated with Poor Prognosis in Patients with Gastric Cancer: An Umbrella Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2022; 14:e23845. [PMID: 35530821 PMCID: PMC9076041 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.23845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies throughout the world with late diagnosis and poor prognosis. The expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in GC is attributed to immune evasion and tumor progression. PD-L1 positivity has both predictive and prognostic biomarker potential. Aiming to summarize a large amount of research and to provide a definitive conclusion to the conflicting results on the prognostic significance of PD-L1 expression in GC, we performed an umbrella review based on existing meta-analyses which were published recently (2016-2021) and indexed in the PubMed database. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline was used in August 2021 to screen articles, and data extraction with quality assessment was performed on the selected meta-analyses. Review Manager (RevMan) 5.3 software was used to analyze the HR and OR with a 95% confidence interval (CI) among PD-L1 positive GC patients. We also assessed the between-study heterogeneity (I 2). Forest and Funnel plots were obtained, and a P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. A total of 567 articles were screened, and we selected three meta-analyses with a total of 40 studies conducted over a period of 14 years. In our umbrella review, a total of 8,419 GC patients with an average PD-L1 positivity of 39% were analyzed. We found that PD-L1 positivity in GC patients is associated with poor prognosis (pooled HR =1.44, 95% CI: 1.24-1.68, P<0.00001) having higher mortality reducing the chances of overall survival (OS). However, there are no significant differences in PD-L1 expression among different lymph node (LN) metastases (OR=1.31, 95% CI: 0.98-1.74, P=0.07) and tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) stages (OR=1.13, 95% CI: 0.80-1.58, P=0.50). Early identification of PD-L1 expression may help tailor cost-effective and targeted immunotherapy among GC patients. More research is needed to further understand how PD-L1 affects LN metastasis and tumor invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gashaw Hassen
- Progressive Care, Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, USA.,Medicine and Surgery, Parma University, Parma, ITA.,Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, ETH
| | - Amita Kasar
- Internal Medicine, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, IND
| | - Nidhi Jain
- Medicine and Surgery, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, IND.,Hematology and Oncology, Brooklyn Cancer Care, Brooklyn, USA.,Internal Medicine, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, IND
| | - Shivankshi Berry
- Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, IND.,Internal Medicine, Nassau University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Jhanvi Dave
- Internal Medicine, B.J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Michlene Zouetr
- Family Medicine, American Institute of Antigua College of Medicine, St John's, ATG
| | | | | | - Stephanie Oshai
- Medicine and Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, NGA
| | - Mohamed Saad
- Gastroenterology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, EGY
| | | | | | | | - Urvish K Patel
- Public Health and Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Rishabh K Rana
- Preventive and Social Medicine/Community Medicine, Shahid Nirmal Mahto Medical College, Dhanbad, Dhanbad, IND
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13
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Zheng G, Sundquist K, Sundquist J, Chen T, Försti A, Hemminki A, Hemminki K. Second Primary Cancers After Gastric Cancer, and Gastric Cancer as Second Primary Cancer. Clin Epidemiol 2021; 13:515-525. [PMID: 34239328 PMCID: PMC8260108 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s304332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Second primary cancers (SPCs) are increasing, which may negatively influence patient survival. Gastric cancer (GC) has poor survival and when it is diagnosed as SPC it is often the cause of death. We wanted to analyze the risk of SPCs after GC and the risk of GC as SPC after any cancer. Such bidirectional analysis is important in relation to fatal cancers because SPCs may be under-reported in the short-term survival period. Methods Cancers were obtained from the Swedish Cancer Registry from years 1990 through 2015. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were used to estimate bidirectional relative. Results We identified 23,137 GC patients who developed 1042 SPCs (4.5%); 2158 patients had GC as SPC. While the risk for three SPCs was increased after GC, seven first primary cancers were followed by an increased risk of GC as SPC, including esophageal, colorectal, bladder, squamous cell skin and breast cancers and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Breast cancer, which was followed by a diagnosis of second GC, showed an excess of lobular histology. Conclusion Multiple primary cancers in the same individuals may signal genetic predisposition. Accordingly, the association of GC with breast cancer may be related to mutations in the CDH1 gene, and clustering of colorectal, small intestinal and bladder cancers could be related to Lynch syndrome. The third line of findings supports a contribution of immune dysfunction on the increased risk of GC as SPC after skin cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Early detection of GC in the risk groups could save lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiao Zheng
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Family Medicine and Community Health.,Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Family Medicine and Community Health.,Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, Japan
| | - Tianhui Chen
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Asta Försti
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Akseli Hemminki
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, 30605, Czech Republic
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14
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Jiang H, Liu Y, Hu K, Xia Y, Liang L, Zhu X, Cheng X. MiRNA-339 targets and regulates ZNF689 to inhibit the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Transl Cancer Res 2021; 10:3516-3526. [PMID: 35116655 PMCID: PMC8799122 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-21-994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is the most common malignant tumor of the digestive system, and its mortality rate ranks first among malignant tumors. However, the pathogenesis of GC has not yet been fully elucidated. This study found that microRNA (miRNA)-339 is abnormally expressed in GC tissues. However, the role and molecular mechanism of miRNA-339 in the occurrence and development of GC are still unclear. METHODS Fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the expression level of miRNA-339 in GC tissues and adjacent tissues and analyze the correlation with the clinicopathological characteristics of GC patients. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and Transwell experiments detected the effect of overexpression of miRNA-339 on the proliferation, invasion, and migration of GC cells. The luciferase reporter gene detected the downstream target molecules regulated by miRNA-339, and western blot was employed to detect the effect of overexpression of miRNA-339 on the expression of ZNF689. RESULTS The results of fluorescence qPCR showed that miRNA-339 was less expressed in GC tissues compared with adjacent tissues, and it was correlated with the patient's clinical tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) grade and lymph node metastasis. Cell function experiments showed that overexpression of miRNA-339 can significantly inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and migration of GC cells. The luciferase reporter gene showed that miRNA-339 can bind to the 3'-UTR region of ZNF689, and overexpression of miRNA-339 can significantly inhibit the expression of ZNF689 in GC cells. Overexpression of ZNF689 can significantly block the ability of overexpression of miRNA-339 to inhibit the proliferation and migration of GC cells. CONCLUSIONS miRNA-339 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of GC cells through targeted regulation of the expression of ZNF689. In addition, the expression level of miRNA-339 can be used as a biomarker for the prognosis of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houxiang Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital Wannan Medical College) Wuhu, China
| | - Yinhua Liu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (YIjishan Hospital of Wanna Medical College), Wuhu, China
| | - Kaifeng Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital Wannan Medical College) Wuhu, China
| | - Yabin Xia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital Wannan Medical College) Wuhu, China
| | - Linhu Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital Wannan Medical College) Wuhu, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital Wannan Medical College) Wuhu, China
| | - Xianfeng Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dermatology Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (Institute), Nanjing, China
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