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Xiao Y, Yuan P, Sun Y, Xu Y, Deng X, Wang X, Liu R, Chen Q, Jiang L. Comparison of topical antifungal agents for oral candidiasis treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2021; 133:282-291. [PMID: 34924340 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2021.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of topical antifungal drugs for oral candidiasis in adults and children. STUDY DESIGN Databases were searched from their inception to December 2020. The inclusion criterion was randomized controlled trials comparing topical antifungal agents. The primary outcomes were clinical response and mycological cure rates. The secondary outcomes were adverse reaction incidence and relapse rate. RESULTS In adults with oral candidiasis, fluconazole showed a better clinical response rate than clotrimazole (P = 0.001; risk ratio [RR], 1.14), but a similar mycological cure rate (P = 0.57; RR, 1.03). There was no significant difference in clinical response and mycological cure rates with either fluconazole and amphotericin B (clinical: P = 0.47, RR, 0.96; mycological: P = 0.99, RR, 1.00) or with either itraconazole and clotrimazole (clinical: P = 0.51, RR, 1.06; mycological: P = 0.45, RR, 1.32). For immunocompetent patients, fluconazole was superior to clotrimazole in terms of clinical response rate. For immunosuppressed patients, clotrimazole and itraconazole presented similar clinical response and mycological cure rates, but the relapse rate with itraconazole was lower than that with clotrimazole. In infants, miconazole and nystatin showed similar clinical response rates (P = 0.36; RR, 1.23), whereas miconazole presented a superior mycological cure rate (P = 0.03; RR, 4.03). CONCLUSIONS Fluconazole and amphotericin B are recommended as topical antifungal agents for adults with oral candidiasis. Existing studies tend to recommend fluconazole for immunocompetent patients and itraconazole for immunosuppressed patients, whereas miconazole is recommended for infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxuan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Peiyang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yutong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoting Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xianwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Jain S, Arora P, Nainwal LM. Essential oils as Potential Source of Anti-dandruff Agents: A Review. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2021; 25:1411-1426. [PMID: 34254910 DOI: 10.2174/1386207324666210712094148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dandruff is a frequently occurring scalp problem that causes significant discomfort to approximately 50% population at some stage of life, especially post-puberty and pre-adult age. OBJECTIVE This review aims to summarize the recent findings regarding the anti-fungal properties of herbal essential oils against pathogens involved in dandruff prognosis. METHODS A literature search of studies published between 2000 and 2020 was conducted over databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Science direct. Literature was explored using the guidelines given in Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). RESULTS Dandruff, characterized by clinical symptoms of dryness, pruritis, scaly, and flaky scalp, is considered a pri-mary manifestation of seborrheic dermatitis. Amongst various etiological and pathophysiological factors, a significant role of yeasts, primarily species of Malassezia, Candida, has been strongly correlated with dandruff. At the same time, incidences of M. furfur, M. restricta, and M. globosa are high compared to others. Due to relapse of symptoms with the withdrawal of conventional anti-dandruff products. Essential oils of herbal origin, such as tea tree oil, lime oil, rose-mary oil, have gained global importance in dermatology. These oils are rich in secondary aromatic metabolites, espe-cially terpenes and phenolic components that impart substantial antimicrobial properties and resisting biofilm production. CONCLUSION Based on the available information, we can conclude that essential oils have tremendous potential to be developed as anti-dandruff products; however, further studies are warranted to establish their efficacy in dandruff cures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagun Jain
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sci-ences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Poonam Arora
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sci-ences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Lalit Mohan Nainwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, HIMT College of Pharmacy, Harlal Institute of Management and Technol-ogy, Greater Noida, U.P, India
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Moukarzel M, Angelakopoulos N, De Luca S, Velandia Palacio L, Aquilanti L, Coccia E, Pigolkin Y, Cameriere R. Validity assessment of the third molar maturity index (I3M) in a Lebanese sample of adolescents and young adults. AUST J FORENSIC SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00450618.2020.1805008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Moukarzel
- Dental School, Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - N. Angelakopoulos
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - S. De Luca
- AgEstimation Project, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy
- Área de Identificación Forense, Unidad de Derechos Humanos, Servicio Médico Legal, Santiago de Chile
| | | | - L. Aquilanti
- Department of Odontostomatologic and Specialized Clinical Sciences (DISCO), Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - E. Coccia
- Department of Odontostomatologic and Specialized Clinical Sciences (DISCO), Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Y.I. Pigolkin
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - R. Cameriere
- AgEstimation Project, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Applicability of Demirjian's method for dental age estimation in a group of Egyptian children. BDJ Open 2019; 5:2. [PMID: 30911408 PMCID: PMC6430778 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-019-0015-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The aims of this study were to evaluate the applicability of Demirjian’s method for dental age assessment in a group of Egyptian children in Minia city and to develop an age predictive equation suitable for the studied group. Subjects and methods In this retrospective, blind, cross-sectional study, 160 dental panoramic radiographs (DPTs) were selected from 420 DPTs from healthy children aged between three and 10 years old from the archived medical files of patients attending Minia University Dental Hospital (MUDH) and evaluated to estimate dental ages. Results Age was overestimated for almost all of the studied subjects with an accuracy range from 0.18 to 1.19 years for males and from 0.08 to 0.87 years for females, with the exception of two age subgroups (9–10-year-old males and 10–11-year-old females, for which the mean difference values were −0.06 and −0.008 years, respectively). A Logistic regression was used to generate a suggested formula for dental age estimation. Conclusions Demirjian’s method may be unsuitable for Egyptian children living in Minia city. Development of a predication equation and the introduction of adaptable conversion tables to transform the maturity score into a dental age for Egyptian children may be suitable alternatives. The validity of the newly developed prediction equation must be tested among all Egyptian children.
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Alter SJ, McDonald MB, Schloemer J, Simon R, Trevino J. Common Child and Adolescent Cutaneous Infestations and Fungal Infections. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care 2018; 48:3-25. [PMID: 29198783 DOI: 10.1016/j.cppeds.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous infections and infestations are common among children and adolescents. Ectoparasitic infestations affect individuals across the globe. Head lice, body lice, scabies, and infestations with bed bugs are seen in individuals who reside in both resource poor areas and in developed countries. Superficial cutaneous and mucosal candida infections occur throughout the life cycle. Dermatophyte infections of keratin-containing skin and skin structures result in tinea capitis (scalp), tinea corporis (body), tinea pedis (foot), and tinea unguium (nails). Less frequent endemic fungal infections such as blastomycosis, coccidiodomycosis, and histoplasmosis may present with skin findings. This article will describe the epidemiology and transmission of these conditions as well as their clinical manifestations. The approach to diagnosis will be addressed as well as primary prevention and current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherman J Alter
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Dayton Children's Hospital, One Children's Plaza, Dayton, OH; Department of Pediatrics, Wright State University, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH
| | - Megan B McDonald
- United States Air Force, OIC Pediatrics Clinic, 28 MDOS/SGOK, Ellsworth Air Force Base, SD
| | - Julie Schloemer
- Department of Dermatology, Wright State University, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH
| | - Ryan Simon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Dayton Children's Hospital, One Children's Plaza, Dayton, OH; Department of Pediatrics, Wright State University, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH
| | - Julian Trevino
- Department of Dermatology, Wright State University, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH
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