Kaushal R, Bansal R, Malhan S. A comparative evaluation of smear layer removal by using ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, citric acid, and maleic acid as root canal irrigants: An
in vitro scanning electron microscopic study.
J Conserv Dent 2020;
23:71-78. [PMID:
33223646 PMCID:
PMC7657419 DOI:
10.4103/jcd.jcd_43_20]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction:
Irrigants remove or dissolve smear layer formed during instrumentation. Thus it is important to study the effect of different irrigant solutions on smear layer removal.
Objectives:
The aim of this study is to determine which irrigant effectively removes the smear layer from the coronal, middle, and apical third of the root canal.
Materials and Methodology:
One hundred and twenty single-rooted mandibular premolars were decoronated and biomechanical preparation was done through hand instrumentation up to size 40 k file with 2.5% NaOCl irrigation between each successive filing, followed by irrigation with 5 ml of saline. The teeth were divided into Groups I, II, III, and IV containing 30 samples each and irrigated with 5 ml of 17% ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), 10% Citric acid, 7% Maleic acid and normal saline respectively for 1 min and final irrigation was done with 5 ml of distilled water of each sample. The canals were dried with 2% absorbent paper points. The roots were then split with a chisel and mallet. One-half of each tooth was selected and then was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. The dentinal surfaces were observed at the cervical, middle, and apical third with ×2000 for the smear layer. The scores were attributed, according to Torabinejad et al. rating system.
Results:
7% maleic acid and 10% citric acid both are equally effective in smear layer removal from coronal and middle third, but in apical third 7% maleic acid is more effective than 10% citric acid. Between citric acid and EDTA, both are equally effective in smear layer removal from coronal and middle third, but in apical third, 10% citric acid is more efficacious than 17% EDTA.
Conclusion:
Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that all three tested irrigants removed the smear layer from coronal, middle, and apical third. However, in apical third 7% maleic acid is the most efficacious irrigant in smear layer removal.
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