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Pappe CL, Peters B, Pivovarova-Ramich O, Schremmer R, Adam A, Vach K, Dommisch H, Woelber JP. Effects of a 4-week free-sugar avoidance during periodontal therapy: An explorative randomized controlled clinical trial. J Periodontol 2024. [PMID: 39185702 DOI: 10.1002/jper.24-0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the effect of a 4-week free-sugar avoidance on periodontal parameters during periodontal therapy. METHODS Twenty-one patients with untreated periodontitis and daily free-sugar intake were allocated to a sugar avoidance group (SAG) and a control group (CG). The SAG received a 45-min dietary consultation and was instructed to avoid free sugars during the following 4 weeks after subgingival instrumentation, while the CG continued with their regular diet. Bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque control record, body weight (BW), visceral fat (FATv), and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were collected at baseline (T1), 4 weeks (T2), and 8 weeks (T3) after subgingival instrumentation. RESULTS The main outcome parameter BOP was significantly reduced at T2 by 40.3% ± 15.54 in the SAG and 34% ± 12.47 in the CG (intra-p value both <0.001, inter-p value 0.361). A linear regression analysis of changes at patient level adjusted for age and FATv revealed a significant group difference for BOP (regression coefficient = -6.8; p = 0.019). Significant reductions were observed in BW, FATv and mean daily intake of free sugars (-14.4 g/day), and a significant increase of vitamin C derived from fruits (75.89 mg/day) at T2 in the SAG only. CONCLUSION This study may indicate additional beneficial effects of a sugar avoidance on periodontal and metabolic parameters, and nutritional intake during periodontal therapy. German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00026699). PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY The current widespread free-sugar consumption is linked to an increasing incidence of chronic non-communicable diseases. Data indicate a relationship between sugar intake and a higher prevalence of periodontitis and increased gingival inflammation. This study showed that free-sugar avoidance after periodontal therapy had additional beneficial effects on periodontal and metabolic parameters in 10 test and 11 control patients. After 4 weeks of avoiding free sugars like sweets, processed white flour, juice, and so forth, periodontal bleeding was significantly reduced in both groups (-40.3% test group, -34% control group). Further regression analysis revealed a significant difference between groups favoring the intervention. Additionally, body weight and visceral fat were significantly reduced in the intervention group, only. To avoid sugar, patients were allowed to replace it with whole fruit, which led to increased levels of micronutrients such as vitamin C. Therefore, free-sugar avoidance may be of therapeutic benefit in addition to periodontal therapy. Further research is needed to investigate this effect in larger cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Pappe
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Medicine, and Oral, Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beeke Peters
- Research Group Molecular Nutritional Medicine and Department of Human Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München, Germany
| | - Olga Pivovarova-Ramich
- Research Group Molecular Nutritional Medicine and Department of Human Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Schremmer
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Medicine, and Oral, Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aysegül Adam
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Medicine, and Oral, Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kirstin Vach
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Henrik Dommisch
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Medicine, and Oral, Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johan P Woelber
- Policlinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Andriankaja OM, Pérez CM, Modi A, Suaréz EL, Gower BA, Rodríguez E, Joshipura K. Systemic Inflammation, Endothelial Function, and Risk of Periodontitis in Overweight/Obese Adults. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1507. [PMID: 37371602 PMCID: PMC10294979 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The network interaction between systemic inflammatory mediators, endothelial cell adhesion function, and adiponectin as mediators of the association between metabolic diseases and periodontitis has not been evaluated. The objective of this study is to assess whether the interaction of baseline serum levels of TNF-α, hs-CRP, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and adiponectin leads to periodontitis. Five hundred and ninety-seven overweight/obese (overweight: BMI 25 to <30 kg/m2; obese: >30 kg/m2) adults, aged 40-65 years, with complete 3-year follow-up data were included. Generalized structural equation models with negative binomial regression were used to estimate the regression coefficient (β) for the outcome number of teeth with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥ 4 mm and bleeding on probing (BOP) at 3-year follow-up for a 1 standard deviation unit increase (Δ = +1SD) in each biomarker. After adjusting for multiple covariates, baseline ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 had significant direct effects on increased log-transformed number of teeth with PPD ≥ 4 mm and BOP (β: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.02-0.30; β: 0.15; 95% CI: 0.02-0.30, respectively). Baseline hs-CRP showed a significant indirect effect via ICAM-1 on the log-transformed number of teeth with PPD ≥ 4 mm and BOP (β: 4.84; 95% CI: 0.27-9.42). Thus, elevated serum ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 have a significant direct effect and increased hs-CRP has a significant indirect effect on the predicted level of periodontitis at the 3-year follow-up among overweight/obese Hispanic adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oelisoa M. Andriankaja
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Cynthia M. Pérez
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan 00936-5067, Puerto Rico; (C.M.P.); (E.L.S.)
| | - Ashwin Modi
- Center for Clinical Research and Health Promotion, School of Dental Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan 00936-5067, Puerto Rico; (A.M.); (E.R.); (K.J.)
| | - Erick L. Suaréz
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan 00936-5067, Puerto Rico; (C.M.P.); (E.L.S.)
| | - Barbara A. Gower
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Division of Physiology & Metabolism, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Elaine Rodríguez
- Center for Clinical Research and Health Promotion, School of Dental Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan 00936-5067, Puerto Rico; (A.M.); (E.R.); (K.J.)
| | - Kaumudi Joshipura
- Center for Clinical Research and Health Promotion, School of Dental Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan 00936-5067, Puerto Rico; (A.M.); (E.R.); (K.J.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Gao L, Yang T, Xue Z, Chan CKD. Hot Spots and Trends in the Relationship between Cancer and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Knowledge Graph Analysis. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020337. [PMID: 36836694 PMCID: PMC9961916 DOI: 10.3390/life13020337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most difficult medical problems in today's world. There are many factors that induce cancer in humans, and obesity has become an important factor in inducing cancer. This study systematically and quantitatively describes the development trend, current situation and research hotspot of the relationship between cancer and obesity by using document statistics and knowledge graph visualization technology. Through the visualization technology analysis of knowledge graph in this study, the research hotspot and knowledge base source of the relationship between cancer and obesity in the last 20 years have been ascertained. Obesity-related factors, such as immunity, insulin, adiponectin, adipocytokines, nonalcoholic fatty liver and inflammatory reaction, may affect the occurrence of obesity and increase the risk of cancer. Obesity-related cancers include respiratory cancer, colorectal cancer, hepatocellular cancer, prostate cancer, gastric cancer, etc. Our research provides direction and basis for future research in this field, as well as technical and knowledge basis support for experts and researchers in related medical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Gao
- Faculty of Intelligent Manufacturing, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529000, China
- Correspondence: (L.G.); (T.Y.)
| | - Tian Yang
- Institute for Guangdong Qiaoxiang Studies, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529000, China
- Correspondence: (L.G.); (T.Y.)
| | - Ziru Xue
- Faculty of Intelligent Manufacturing, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529000, China
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Makarewicz A, Jamka M, Geltz J, Śmidowicz A, Kokot M, Kaczmarek N, Mądry E, Walkowiak J. Comparison of the Effect of Endurance, Strength, and Endurance-Strength Training on Inflammatory Markers and Adipokines Levels in Overweight and Obese Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Trials. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:1098. [PMID: 35742148 PMCID: PMC9222976 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10061098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the effects of endurance, strength, and combined training on inflammatory markers and adipokine concentrations in overweight and obese adults. We performed a literature search of the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases and identified 24 randomised control trials published prior to June 2021. Our findings indicate that endurance training was significantly more beneficial than strength training in reducing C-reactive protein (CRP) (standard mean difference (SMD): -1.317, 95% confidence intervals (CI): -2.565, -0.070, p = 0.0385), interleukin 6 (IL-6) (SMD: -0.363, 95% CI: -0.648, -0.078, p = 0.0126), and visfatin (SMD: -0.618, 95% CI: -1.015, -0.222, p = 0.0023) concentrations. Moreover, combined training was more beneficial than strength training alone in lowering tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels (SMD: 0.890, 95% CI: -0.301, 1.478, p = 0.0030). There were no differences between the effects of different types of training programmes on adiponectin and leptin concentrations. In conclusion, compared with strength training, endurance training is more effective in lowering CRP, IL-6, and visfatin concentrations, while combined training is more beneficial in reducing TNF-α levels in overweight and obese adults. Further studies are needed to determine which type of training has a better effect on adiponectin and leptin concentrations in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Makarewicz
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna Str. 27/33, 60-572 Poznań, Poland; (A.M.); (M.J.); (J.G.); (A.Ś.); (M.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Małgorzata Jamka
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna Str. 27/33, 60-572 Poznań, Poland; (A.M.); (M.J.); (J.G.); (A.Ś.); (M.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Jakub Geltz
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna Str. 27/33, 60-572 Poznań, Poland; (A.M.); (M.J.); (J.G.); (A.Ś.); (M.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Angelika Śmidowicz
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna Str. 27/33, 60-572 Poznań, Poland; (A.M.); (M.J.); (J.G.); (A.Ś.); (M.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Marta Kokot
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna Str. 27/33, 60-572 Poznań, Poland; (A.M.); (M.J.); (J.G.); (A.Ś.); (M.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Nina Kaczmarek
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna Str. 27/33, 60-572 Poznań, Poland; (A.M.); (M.J.); (J.G.); (A.Ś.); (M.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Edyta Mądry
- Department of Physiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego Str. 6, 60-781 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Jarosław Walkowiak
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna Str. 27/33, 60-572 Poznań, Poland; (A.M.); (M.J.); (J.G.); (A.Ś.); (M.K.); (N.K.)
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Wang Z, Chen Z, Fang F, Qiu W. The role of adiponectin in periodontitis: Current state and future prospects. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111358. [PMID: 33561644 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin (APN), which is an adipokine primarily secreted by adipose tissue into the peripheral blood, exerts anti-inflammatory and metabolic regulatory functions in many systemic inflammatory diseases. Periodontitis is a localized inflammatory disease and is also the sixth-leading complication of diabetes. Uncontrolled periodontal inflammation gradually destructs the periodontal supporting apparatus and leads to the consequent loss of teeth. Recently, emerging evidence has revealed an association between APN and periodontitis. Herein, we summarize the basic information of APN and its receptor agonists. We also overview current studies considering the role of APN in periodontitis and discuss the potential mechanisms in terms of inflammation and bone metabolism. At last, we outline the correlation between APN and systemic diseases related periodontitis. Above all, APN and its agonists are promising candidates for the treatment of periodontitis, while the underlying mechanisms and clinical translational application require further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaodan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Zehao Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Fuchun Fang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
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Can Periodontal Disease Be Considered Linked to Obesity and Lipoinflammation? Mechanisms Involved in the Pathogenesis Occurrence. Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12018-020-09273-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObesity is a systemic disease, associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disorders, type 2 diabetes, cancer, asthma, and osteoarthritis. Overweight and obesity have been suggested to be associated with periodontitis as published in studies and narrative summaries. Obesity and periodontal diseases are very prevalent in the world, and both can lead to severe chronic health conditions and impair people’s life quality. Knowledge of how immune mechanisms and inflammatory responses are regulated is critical for understanding the pathogenesis of complex diseases, such as periodontitis. In conditions of overweight, it has been demonstrated that approximately 70–80% of individuals present an adipose tissue turnover that is both structurally and functionally causing of the systemic inflammatory reaction. The objective of this review is to explore the influence of lipoinflammation. The effects of lipoinflammation and obesity on development of periodontal disease are reported together with the exploration of the mechanisms of interaction between these two diseases.
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Ramseier CA, Woelber JP, Kitzmann J, Detzen L, Carra MC, Bouchard P. Impact of risk factor control interventions for smoking cessation and promotion of healthy lifestyles in patients with periodontitis: A systematic review. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47 Suppl 22:90-106. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph A. Ramseier
- Department of Periodontology School of Dental Medicine University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Johan P. Woelber
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Julia Kitzmann
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
- Private Practice Hamburg Germany
| | - Laurent Detzen
- Service of Odontology Department of Periodontology Rothschild Hospital AP‐HP Université de Paris U.F.R. of Odontology Paris France
| | - Maria Clotilde Carra
- Service of Odontology Department of Periodontology Rothschild Hospital AP‐HP Université de Paris U.F.R. of Odontology Paris France
- Population‐based Epidemiologic Cohorts Unit INSERM UMS 011 Villejuif France
| | - Philippe Bouchard
- Service of Odontology Department of Periodontology Rothschild Hospital AP‐HP Université de Paris U.F.R. of Odontology Paris France
- EA 2496 Université de Paris U.F.R. of Odontology Paris France
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Thomas JT, Thomas T, Ahmed M, Kannan S K, Abdullah Z, Alghamdi SA, Joseph B. Prevalence of Periodontal Disease among Obese Young Adult Population in Saudi Arabia-A Cross-Sectional Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2020; 56:E197. [PMID: 32344600 PMCID: PMC7231025 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56040197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: We aimed to assess the prevalence of periodontal disease among obese young adults in Saudi Arabia and to analyze the association between different body mass indexes and the severity of periodontal disease. Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study consisted of 307 obese patients aged 18-39 years, with body mass index (BMI) ≥30. Demographic variables for periodontal disease, anthropometric parameters such as BMI along with clinical parameters such as oral hygiene index-simplified, community periodontal index (CPI) score and loss of attachment (LOA), were assessed. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the predictors for chronic periodontitis in obese young adults between 18-40 years of age. Results: The majority of the participants (71.3%) had periodontal disease. Obese and extremely obese patients together showed a statistically significant difference in the age group of 21-30 years in terms of CPI score for inflammation (p < 0.05) and LOA (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed age (OR: 3.180; 95%CL: 1.337-7.561; p <.001), occasional dental visit (OR: 5.965; 95%CL: 3.130-11.368; p < 0.001), smoking >10 cigarettes (OR: 11.868; 95%CL: 3.588-39.254; p < 0.001) and poor oral hygiene status (OR: 17.250; 95%CL: 6.958-42.764; p < 0.001) were associated with a significantly higher risk of having periodontal disease. Conclusions: This study showed a high prevalence of periodontal disease in obese patients among the Saudi Arabian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Toby Thomas
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al Zulfi 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Toby Thomas
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al Zulfi 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masood Ahmed
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al Zulfi 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karthiga Kannan S
- Department of Maxillofacial Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al Zulfi 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zoha Abdullah
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Asan Memorial Dental College, Chengalpettu 6000094, India
| | - Sara Ayid Alghamdi
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al Zulfi 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Betsy Joseph
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62521, Saudi Arabia
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