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Agrawal H, Patil RK, Singh V, Tripathi A, Khanna V, Chaurasia A, Arya A, Ali W. Salivary and serum estrogen level assessment in oral lichen planus patients and its correlative analysis with OLP and stress. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:1998-2005. [PMID: 38948558 PMCID: PMC11213394 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1332_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin and mucous membrane with higher predilection seen in the female population. Oral lichen planus (OLP) has been associated with various etiological factors, such as stress, hormonal imbalance, and immunological variation. The purpose of this study was to assess serum and salivary estrogen (E2) levels in OLP patients and correlate them with stress levels. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate serum and salivary estrogen levels in female patients with OLP, along with the assessment of stress and its correlation with estrogen levels. Methods A total of 78 females, 39 clinically diagnosed with OLP and 39 healthy females, were included in the study as the case and control groups, respectively. 2 ml each of salivary and serum samples was obtained from each participant to measure the estrogen levels. Stress levels in the study group patients were assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The nonparametric Mann-Whitney test was used for intergroup comparisons. Results Significantly higher serum estrogen levels with higher DASS-21 and PSS scores were noted in patients with OLP. Overall, significant positive correlations were observed between salivary E2 and serum E2 (r = 0.361, P = 0.001). There was a positive correlation between salivary and serum E2 and DASS score (r = 0.410, P < 0.001, and r = 0.768, P < 0.001, respectively), serum/salivary E2 and PSS score (r = 0.745, P < 0.001, and r = 0.410, P < 0.001, respectively), and DASS score and PSS score (r = 0.878, P < 0.001). Conclusion Estrogen can be used as a useful biomarker for OLP in the future. Salivary samples can prove to be an accurate and feasible alternative to serum estrogen level determination. We also suggest that OLP patients must be given supportive psychological treatment for improved life quality and disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena Agrawal
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George Medical University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ranjit Kumar Patil
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George Medical University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vandana Singh
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George Medical University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anurag Tripathi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George Medical University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vikram Khanna
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George Medical University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Akhilanand Chaurasia
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George Medical University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Arya
- Department of Psychiatry, King George Medical University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Wahid Ali
- Department of Pathology, King George Medical University, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Pallavi UK, Sinha R, Chandan Jaykar K, Sarkar S, Yasmeen T, Prasad D. Dermatoses in Postmenopausal Women in a Tertiary Health Care Center of Bihar: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e41587. [PMID: 37559859 PMCID: PMC10407598 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Postmenopausal women comprise a very unique population with various dermatological, genital, and oral dermatoses due to the various physiological, age-related, and hormonal changes in this period, which have not yet been studied extensively, especially in India. Aims and objectives The aim of the study was to study the various epidemiological and clinical patterns of postmenopausal dermatosis. Material and methods We conducted a single-center observational cross-sectional study on 223 postmenopausal women attending the dermatology outpatient department (OPD) with various dermatological concerns to understand the various clinical patterns and presentations of postmenopausal dermatoses. Women were interviewed face to face using a pre-designed, pre-tested questionnaire. A detailed history followed by general physical, systemic, and cutaneous examination was done, along with investigations wherever needed. Results A total of 223 postmenopausal women were enrolled in our study, with a mean age group of 58.4 ± 5.1 years. The mean age of menopause in our study was 48.7 ± 3.8 years. In our study, 186 (83.4%) women had cutaneous dermatosis, 65 (29.1%) had genital dermatosis, 23 (10.3%) had oral mucosa involvement, 75 (33.6%) had hair disorders, and 58 (26%) had nail disorders. Limitation The limitation of our study is that it is a single-center study, and women with active HIV or hepatitis infection or known malignancy were excluded from the study. Conclusion A broader understanding of the diverse dermatological concerns of postmenopausal women would enable dermatologists to be better equipped to identify and treat postmenopausal dermatosis as well as provide better support to women going through this phase of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- U K Pallavi
- Dermatology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, IND
| | - Rajesh Sinha
- Dermatology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, IND
| | | | - Subhasree Sarkar
- Dermatology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, IND
| | - Tajwar Yasmeen
- Community Medicine, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, IND
| | - Dipali Prasad
- Obstetrics and Gynacology, Indira Gandhi Institue of Medical Sciences, Patna, IND
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Muneshwar SS, Ashwinirani SR, Gole AA, Suragimath G. Oral Manifestation in Postmenopausal Women of Maharashtra, Western Region. J Midlife Health 2023; 14:28-33. [PMID: 37680378 PMCID: PMC10482020 DOI: 10.4103/jmh.jmh_194_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Menopause in women is a physiological state that gives rise to adaptive changes at both the systemic and oral levels. The oral manifestations of postmenopausal women may vary for each patient. It occurs in the form of burning mouth syndrome, xerostomia, periodontitis, etc., We aimed to assess the prevalence of oral manifestations in the postmenopausal population, to know the nature and severity of oral manifestations occurring in postmenopausal women, and to assess the systemic conditions of these postmenopausal women with oral manifestations. The study was designed to assess the oral manifestation in postmenopausal women of Maharashtra, Western region. Materials and Methods The study was conducted in the department of oral medicine and radiology. A total of 90 patients were included. A detailed clinical examination was done using a mouth mirror and probe. The clinical pro forma recorded demographic data, including the duration of menopause and different oral manifestations like xerostomia, periodontitis, lichen planus, oral candidiasis, etc., Collected data were entered into MS Excel and subjected to statistical analysis. Results In the study, there were a total of 90 patients. These patients were distributed into three groups based on their age groups. The majority of the oral manifestations were reported in patients belonging to Group 2 (60-70 years age group). Conclusion Overall, 76.6% of patients reported oral mucosal changes; of which 20.2% of patients reported xerostomia, 15.9% reported periodontitis, 13% showed altered taste, 8.6% of patients had lichen planus, and 7.2% patients reported oral candidiasis and space infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrutika Sanjay Muneshwar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed University, Karad, Satara, Maharashtra, India
| | - S. R. Ashwinirani
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed University, Karad, Satara, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abhishek Anilrao Gole
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed University, Karad, Satara, Maharashtra, India
| | - Girish Suragimath
- Periodontology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed University, Karad, Satara, Maharashtra, India
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Saeed S, Choudhury P, Ahmad SA, Alam T, Panigrahi R, Aziz S, Kaleem SM, Priyadarshini SR, Sahoo PK, Hasan S. Vitamin D in the Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus: A Systematic Review. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112964. [PMID: 36428531 PMCID: PMC9687323 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic mucocutaneous condition that affects up to 2% of the general population, and typically presents with long-standing, non-responsive lesions, with episodes of exacerbation and remissions. The etiopathogenesis of OLP is still unclear, although, it has been postulated that it is most likely a T-cell-mediated condition of an unknown antigen. The treatment remains a challenge with no defined treatment strategy. Vitamin D has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, along with its regulatory effect on keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation; thus, suggesting its possible role in the treatment of OLP. This systematic review aims to evaluate the therapeutic role of vitamin D in OLP treatment. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, and Google scholar search engines for studies evaluating vitamin D as a treatment modality in OLP from January 2000 to August 2022. Articles were searched with the combination of Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms. A web platform for visualizing risk-of-bias assessment was used in this review, and descriptive statistics were calculated. Out of the seventeen retrieved studies, five articles meeting the inclusion criteria were considered in this systematic review. All the included studies demonstrated significant amelioration in the OLP symptoms in patients who were given vitamin D supplements as an adjuvant to the conventional steroid therapy and or placebo. This systematic review signifies the role of vitamin D as adjuvant therapy for OLP. However, more studies with larger sample size are required to validate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazina Saeed
- Amity Institute of Public Health, Amity University, Noida 201303, India
| | | | - Syed Ansar Ahmad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Tanveer Alam
- Department of DDS, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajat Panigrahi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | - Shahid Aziz
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Mohammed Kaleem
- Department of DDS, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Smita R. Priyadarshini
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | - Pradyumna Ku Sahoo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | - Shamimul Hasan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-99-5329-0676
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Sahoo A, Jena AK, Panda M. Experimental and clinical trial investigations of phyto-extracts, phyto-chemicals and phyto-formulations against oral lichen planus: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115591. [PMID: 35963418 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bio-assay guided phytoextracts and derived phytoconstituents reported having multipotent biological activities and nearly 60-80% of the global population still using natural regimens as an alternative therapeutic source. This study focused on the ethnopharmacological and experimental evidence of natural remedies that are effective in treating oral lichen planus (OLP), a chronic T-cell mediated autoimmune disease that is associated with oral cancer transmission. AIM OF THE REVIEW A number of studies have shown that antioxidants and antiinflammatory phytoextracts and phyto-constituents are effective against OLP. In this systematic review, we summarize the details of experimentally assessed ancient Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Indian Ayurveda or Ayurvedic Medicine, and Japanese Kampo Medicine (JKM) regimens (crude extracts, individual phytochemicals, and phyto-formulations) that reduce oral lesion, severity index and pain associated with OLP based on studies conducted in vivo, in vitro, and in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental, clinical and RCT investigation reports were gathered and presented according to PRISMA-2020 format. Briefly, the information was obtained from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley journal library, Scopus, Google Scholar with ClinicalTrials.gov (a clinical trial registry database operated by the National Library of Medicine in the United States). Further, individual phytochemical structures were verified from PubChem and ChemSpider databases and visualized by ChemDraw 18.0 software. RESULTS We summarized 11 crude phytoextracts, 7 individual phytochemicals, 9 crude formulations, 8 specific TCM and JKM herbal cocktails, and 6 RCTs/patents corroborated by multiple in vitro, in vivo and enzyme assay methods. Briefly, plants and their family name, used plant parts, reported phytochemicals and their chemical structure, treatment doses, and duration of each experiment were presented more concisely and scientifically. CONCLUSION Documentation of evidence-based natural ethnomedicines or remedies could be useful for promoting them as potential, cost-effective and less toxic alternatives or as complementary to commonly prescribed steroids towards the control of OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaka Sahoo
- Department of Skin & VD, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India.
| | - Ajaya K Jena
- Department of Skin & VD, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Maitreyee Panda
- Department of Skin & VD, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India.
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Chen J, Liu K, Sun X, Shi X, Zhao G, Yang Z. Microbiome landscape of lesions and adjacent normal mucosal areas in oral lichen planus patient. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:992065. [PMID: 36338092 PMCID: PMC9630593 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.992065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP) remains unclear, and microbial dysbiosis has been proposed to play a role in the pathogenesis of OLP. Oral mucosal swabs from 77 OLP patients and 76 healthy subjects were collected. The bacterial community among the OLP lesion, the adjacent normal mucosal, and the oral mucosal surface in healthy people were analyzed by 16S sequencing. The factor of gender and age that may affect the flora distribution of OLP patients were explored. Results indicate no significant difference in microbiota between OLP and the adjacent group. Compared with the healthy group, Neisseria, Haemophilus, Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas, Rothia, Actinomyces, and Capnocytophaga significantly increased in the OLP group. Actinomyces increased in male OLP patients, and the other six bacteria increased in female OLP patients. In female OLP patients, Lautropia and Dialister were positively correlated with age. While in male OLP patients, Moraxella, Porphyromonas, and Fusobacterium were positively correlated with age. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that abnormal energy metabolism related to ATP synthases, abnormal transport and metabolism of glycans, amino acids, and vitamins, and disorders of the local immune microenvironment might exist in OLP lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kaikai Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaona Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuanxuan Shi
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guanghui Zhao
- Medical Laboratory Center, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhongjun Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongjun Yang,
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Prevalence of oral lichen planus among north Indian population: a descriptive epidemiological study. EUREKA: HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.21303/2504-5679.2022.002437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim: oral lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the oral mucous membrane. It can present in various clinical forms: reticular, papular, plaque-like, atrophic, erosive and bullous. Though the exact etiology is not certain - autoimmunity, trauma, stress, and habits are considered as etiological factors. Oral lichen planus has been classified as a premalignant lesion. The present study aims to describe the prevalence of oral lichen planus in a sample of north Indian population.
Materials and methods: the present study was conducted in the outpatient department of Dentistry, GMC Badaun. The parameters recorded were age, gender and site affected. The data was collected and analysed.
Results: a total of 6263 patients reported to the outpatient department of dentistry out of which 43 patients were diagnosed with oral lichen planus. The overall prevalence of oral lichen planus was found to be 0.69 %. The mean age of disease presentation was 37.5 years. A higher prevalence of oral lichen planus was reported in females compared to males with a ratio of 1:1.15. Most affected site was found to be buccal mucosa bilaterally (58.14 %).
Conclusion: the present study estimated the overall prevalence of oral lichen planus as well as its distribution according to age, gender and site in north Indian population. This could contribute to the precise assessment of the disease for better policy making for better treatment and management of oral lichen planus.
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Changes in the Oral Cavity in Menopausal Women-A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010253. [PMID: 35010513 PMCID: PMC8750983 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Oral health awareness during the menopausal period is essential to minimize the inevitable inconveniences which may occur due to hormonal changes. The decrease in estrogen hormone concentration impacts the oral mucosa in a similar way to the vaginal mucosa due to the presence of estrogen receptors in both of these structures. An estrogen deficiency also affects the maturation process of the oral mucosal epithelium and can lead to its thinning and atrophy, making it more susceptible to local mechanical injuries, causing a change in pain tolerance and problems in the use of removable prosthetic restorations. Mucosal epithelium during the menopausal period is more vulnerable to infections, candidiasis, burning mouth syndrome, oral lichen planus (OLP), or idiopathic neuropathy. Moreover, salivary glands are also hormone-dependent which leads to changes in saliva secretion and its consistency. In consequence, it may affect teeth and periodontal tissues, resulting in an increased risk of caries and periodontal disease in menopausal women. Due to the large variety of complaints and symptoms occurring in the oral cavity, menopausal women constitute a significant group of patients who should receive special preventive and therapeutic care from doctors and dentists in this particular period.
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Follicular-Stimulating Hormone, Luteinizing Hormone, and Prolactin Serum Level in Patients with Oral Lichen Planus in Comparison to Healthy Population. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8679505. [PMID: 34746311 PMCID: PMC8564193 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8679505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional case control study, the serum level of LH, FSH, and prolactin of 40 women with lichen planus who have been referred to Shiraz Dental Faculty, Oral and Maxillofacial Disease Department during 2018-2019 has been evaluated in comparison to 40 healthy controls. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 18. Two-way ANOVA and Mann–Whitney test were used for data analysis. Results The mean serum level of FSH and LH was significantly higher in OLP patients while this difference was not reported for prolactin. Only FSH mean serum level was significantly higher in nonmenopausal OLP patients. The distribution of prolactin and FSH hormones' serum level was in normal range. Conclusions The high serum level of FSH and LH can affect OLP pathogenesis by estrogen and progesterone modulation.
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Li C, Tang X, Zheng X, Ge S, Wen H, Lin X, Chen Z, Lu L. Global Prevalence and Incidence Estimates of Oral Lichen Planus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Dermatol 2020; 156:172-181. [PMID: 31895418 DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2019.3797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Importance Integrated information on the global prevalence and incidence of oral lichen planus (OLP) is lacking. Objective To examine the global prevalence and incidence of OLP in a systematic review and meta-analysis. Data Sources A systematic review of population-based studies and clinic-based studies reporting the prevalence and incidence of OLP was performed using 3 electronic medical databases (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase, and MEDLINE) from their inception to March 2019. The search terms included "(lichen planus or LP) and (prevalence or incidence or epidemiology)." No language restriction was applied. Study Selection Observational descriptive studies investigating the prevalence and incidence of OLP were included. Data Extraction and Synthesis Data were extracted by continent, sex, and other characteristics. The risk of bias was assessed by the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Instrument for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data using random-effects models to synthesize available evidence. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was the prevalence (with 95% CIs) of OLP among the overall population and among subgroups. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. Results Among 46 studies, the overall pooled estimated prevalence of OLP was 0.89% (95% CI, 0.38%-2.05%) among the general population (n = 462 993) and 0.98% (95% CI, 0.67%-1.43%) among clinical patients (n = 191 963). Among the 15 population-based studies, the prevalence of OLP was 0.57% (95% CI, 0.15%-2.18%) in Asia, 1.68% (95% CI, 1.09%-2.58%) in Europe, and 1.39% (95% CI, 0.58%-3.28%) in South America. Among the 31 clinic-based studies, the prevalence was 1.43% (95% CI, 1.12%-1.83%) in Africa, 0.87% (95% CI, 0.61%-1.25%) in Asia, 1.03% (95% CI, 0.51%-2.09%) in Europe, 0.11% (95% CI, 0.07%-0.16%) in North America, and 3.18% (95% CI, 0.97%-9.95%) in South America. The pooled prevalence of OLP by sex was 1.55% (95% CI, 0.83%-2.89%) for women and 1.11% (95% CI, 0.57%-2.14%) for men in the population-based studies and 1.69% (95% CI, 1.05%-2.70%) for women and 1.09% (95% CI, 0.67%-1.77%) for men in the clinic-based studies. In 5 clinic-based studies providing the age distribution of patients with OLP, the prevalence by age was 0.62% (95% CI, 0.33%-1.13%) among patients younger than 40 years and 1.90% (95% CI, 1.16%-3.10%) among patients 40 years and older. Conclusions and Relevance This study identified the global prevalence and incidence of OLP in terms of its spatial, temporal, and population distribution. The overall estimated pooled prevalence of OLP was 0.89% among the general population and 0.98% among clinical patients. A higher prevalence of OLP was found in non-Asian countries, among women, and among people 40 years and older. The findings should be considered with caution because of the high heterogeneity of the included studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchang Li
- Department of Dermatology, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Tang
- Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- Clinical Research Center, South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuqi Ge
- Clinical Research Center, South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wen
- Clinical Research Center, South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liming Lu
- Clinical Research Center, South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Liao H, Luo Y, Long L, Peng J, Qiu X, Yuan P, Xu H, Jiang L. Anxiety and oral lichen planus. Oral Dis 2020; 27:506-514. [PMID: 32697012 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between oral lichen planu(OLP) and anxiety. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This study included 174 OLP patients and 174 healthy controls. We assessed anxiety by Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and recorded OLP lesion type and severity. t test and analysis of variance were applied for continuous variants and chi-square test was performed for categorical variants. Multiple linear regression and logistic regression analysis were used for multi-variable analysis. RESULTS he SAS score of OLP patients was higher than that of healthy individuals. There was no significant difference in SAS score between the OLP subgroups, obtained according to age, type, and severity, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed gender was the only factor that affected the SAS score of OLP patients. Compared with weakly anxiety-related groups, the SAS score and female ratio of highly anxiety-related group were obviously higher. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that males were less exposed to highly anxiety-related types than females. CONCLUSIONS OLP patients tend to be more anxious compared with healthy individuals, and female patients are more anxious than male patients. There might be two types of OLP patients: weakly anxiety-related or highly anxiety-related. These results highlight the significance of psychological counseling in OLP disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yuxue Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Li Long
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Jiakuan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Peiyang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Hao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Lu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
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Wu T, Tang C, Chen Y, Yong X, Liu Z, Jiang L, Zeng Q, Tao R. Regulatory effect of 17β-estradiol on the expression of β-defensin-2 and proinflammatory cytokines in human oral epithelial cells. J Oral Pathol Med 2020; 49:365-372. [PMID: 32176389 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although estrogen deficiency has been proposed as a risk factor for oral mucosal inflammatory diseases in post-menopausal women, the mechanisms involved remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 17β-estradiol (E2) on the inflammatory response stimulated by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in human oral mucosal epithelial cells (hOMECs) and its possible mechanism. METHODS Primary hOMECs were obtained from female infants and cultured in keratinocyte growth medium. The hOMECs at second passage were collected and stimulated by 10-7 mol/L ICI182,780 or 10-7 mol/L G1 for 1 hour, E2 (10-7 mol/L, 10-8 mol/L, 10-9 mol/L) for 36 hour, 100 ng/mL IL-1β for 12 hours, respectively. Human beta-2 defensin (hBD-2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)-α, IL-6, IL-8, estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα), estrogen receptor-beta (ERβ), and G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) mRNA levels and protein levels were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Western Blot (WB), respectively. RESULTS Expression of hBD-2 and inflammatory cytokines increased after IL-1β stimulation, which was down-regulated by E2 pre-treatment. With ICI182,780, the suppression of E2 on hBD-2 mRNA was attenuated. With G1, the mRNA expression and protein expression of hBD-2 were reduced. CONCLUSION Pre-treatment of hOMECs with E2 at physiological concentrations inhibited the IL-1β-induced expression of hBD-2 and inflammatory cytokines. The protective effects of E2 suggest its potential use treating oral inflammatory diseases in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Wu
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Universities and Colleges Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, China
| | - Caijin Tang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Universities and Colleges Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Universities and Colleges Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, China
| | - Xiangzhi Yong
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Universities and Colleges Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, China
| | - Zhenmin Liu
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lanlan Jiang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qixin Zeng
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Universities and Colleges Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, China
| | - Renchuan Tao
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Guangxi Universities and Colleges Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, China
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Possible Mechanisms Involved in the Cooccurrence of Oral Lichen Planus and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:6309238. [PMID: 32089646 PMCID: PMC7024099 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6309238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory oral mucosal disorder mediated by T cells, with a multifactorial etiology. Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a common autoimmune disease characterized by hypothyroidism. Although many clinical studies conducted over the past several decades have reported the cooccurrence of OLP and HT, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This review summarizes potential mechanisms that might be involved in the cooccurrence of OLP and HT. We find that OLP and HT share a common or overlapping pathogenesis in terms of immune, heredity, environmental, and hormonal factors, which might cause cooccurrence. Furthermore, considering the latency of HT, a routine screen for thyroid diseases, particularly HT, is suggested for confirmed OLP patients.
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Vilar‐Villanueva M, Gándara‐Vila P, Blanco-Aguilera E, Otero-Rey EM, Rodríguez-Lado L, García‐García A, Blanco-Carrión A. Psychological disorders and quality of life in oral lichen planus patients and a control group. Oral Dis 2019; 25:1645-1651. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.13106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Vilar‐Villanueva
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Pilar Gándara‐Vila
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS) Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Elena Blanco-Aguilera
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Eva María Otero-Rey
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | | | - Abel García‐García
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS) Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Andrés Blanco-Carrión
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Santiago de Compostela Spain
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