1
|
Alghrani A, Rehman U, Sarwar MS, Brennan PA. Balancing the scales of safety: the criminal law's impact on patient safety and error reduction. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024; 62:229-232. [PMID: 38402069 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2023.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The chance of death from medical error within the hospital setting is 33,000 times greater than dying in an aircraft crash. Despite patient safety being central to healthcare delivery across the world, medical errors and patient harm remain prevalent. This review evaluates the role of the criminal law in regulating healthcare across England and Wales, using prior legal case studies, and focussing on the offence of gross negligence manslaughter (GNM). It further examines the extent to which the law promotes patient safety and minimises fatal errors in healthcare. Medical negligence resulting in a patient's death invokes the more punitive criminal law. In the context of the legal framework in England and Wales, individuals, including medical professionals, who are found to have caused a fatality due to 'gross negligence' may potentially be subject to manslaughter charges. Healthcare delivery is complex as it involves working in high-risk environments, invariably as part of a team. When things go wrong, it is rarely the result of an individual's error but rather a systemic failure. Human factors that may contribute to GNM include organisational influences such as trust targets and pressures to deliver results, unsafe supervision, or inadequate staffing, and preconditions for unsafe acts whereby clinicians are fatigued whilst performing multiple roles simultaneously. A more just culture is warranted in response to the criminalisation of cases of healthcare malpractice, in particular those involving GNM, in which healthcare professionals would be able to learn without fear of retribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amel Alghrani
- Professor of Law, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | - Umar Rehman
- Clinical Research Fellow, UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Sciences, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Mohammad S Sarwar
- Locum Clinical Fellow, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead, United Kingdom.
| | - Peter A Brennan
- Honorary Professor of Surgery, Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fraboni F, Morandini S, Zappalà S, Guglielmi D, Mariani MG, De Angelis M, Pietrantoni L. Occupational safety in homecare organizations: the design and implementation of a train-the-trainer program. Home Health Care Serv Q 2024; 43:87-113. [PMID: 38104310 DOI: 10.1080/01621424.2023.2292193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Homecare workers face significant occupational risks, necessitating effective safety training programs. This paper presents a comprehensive Train-the-Trainer (TTT) program developed to enhance occupational safety in homecare organizations. Through an analysis of 229 reported safety events, the frequency and type of incidents, such as injuries during handling, road crashes, slips, trips, and falls, were identified and primarily attributed to human errors and violations. Based on the results, a TTT program was designed and implemented. The TTT successfully engaged Health, Safety, and Environment managers, fostering collaborative activities, knowledge sharing, and resource discussions. The program modules address critical areas, including distractions and inattentions, fatigue, time pressure, frustration and aggressiveness, and safety behaviors. This innovative approach provides valuable insights for organizations seeking to improve homecare workers' safety. The findings add to the broader comprehension of occupational safety in the homecare sector, proposing a pragmatic framework for future interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sofia Morandini
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Dina Guglielmi
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Education Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nakatani R, Patel K, Chowdhury T. Simulation in Anesthesia for Perioperative Neuroscience: Present and Future. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2024; 36:4-10. [PMID: 37903630 DOI: 10.1097/ana.0000000000000939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
The brain's sensitivity to fluctuations in physiological parameters demands precise control of anesthesia during neurosurgery, which, combined with the complex nature of neurosurgical procedures and potential for adverse outcomes, makes neuroanesthesia challenging. Neuroanesthesiologists, as perioperative physicians, work closely with neurosurgeons, neurologists, neurointensivists, and neuroradiologists to provide care for patients with complex neurological diseases, often dealing with life-threatening conditions such as traumatic brain injuries, brain tumors, cerebral aneurysms, and spinal cord injuries. The use of simulation to practice emergency scenarios may have potential for enhancing competency and skill acquisition amongst neuroanesthesiologists. Simulation models, including high-fidelity manikins, virtual reality, and computer-based simulations, can replicate physiological responses, anatomical structures, and complications associated with neurosurgical procedures. The use of high-fidelity simulation can act as a valuable complement to real-life clinical exposure and training in neuroanesthesia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Krisha Patel
- Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pebolo PF, Okot J, Bongomin F, Awor S, Arwinyo B, Ojara S, Opee J, Jackline A, Ssennuni E, Ouma S. Efficacy of the Gulu University Reproductive Health Simulation Training for final year medical students and interns: a before-and-after study. Ther Adv Reprod Health 2024; 18:26334941241251967. [PMID: 38800825 PMCID: PMC11127575 DOI: 10.1177/26334941241251967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Reproductive health emergencies, such as postpartum hemorrhage, contribute significantly to maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in Uganda due to knowledge and skills gaps. Medical interns, intern midwives, and nurses are crucial as frontline healthcare workers in responding to these emergencies. Our proposed hands-on strategy involves comprehensive simulation-based training (SBT) to equip these healthcare workers with the essential knowledge to manage common reproductive health emergencies and procedures in the country. Objectives The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of comprehensive SBT in improving the knowledge of interns and fifth-year medical students on reproductive health emergencies and procedures at Gulu University and its Teaching Hospitals in Uganda. Design A before-and-after study. Methods A 4-day SBT was conducted for fifth-year medical students and interns (nurses, midwives, and doctors) at Gulu University Teaching Hospitals, focusing on reproductive health emergencies. Pre- and post-tests with 40 multiple-choice questions were used to evaluate knowledge enhancement, the scores were summarized as medians and interquartile ranges. Paired sample t-tests was used to test the difference in pre- and post-test scores. Independent sample t-tests compared median post-test results between interns and students, with a p-value <0.05 considered significant. Results A total of 153 participants were enrolled, the majority being males (78.4%, n = 120) and medical students (73.9%, n = 113). Among the 40 interns, 55% (n = 22) were doctors, 30% (n = 12) were midwives, and 15% (n = 6) were nurses. The study participants showed an increase in knowledge, with median post-test scores higher than pre-test scores for all participants [63% (interquartile ranges, IQR: 57-71%) versus 49% (42-54%), with a median difference of 14% (8-23%), p < 0.001]. Conclusion The SBT effectively imparts key knowledge competencies to the interns and fifth-year medical students. We recommend that SBT be included as part of the course units that students should take and for continuous medical education for qualified healthcare workers in resource-limited settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jerom Okot
- Faculty of Medicine, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda
| | | | - Silvia Awor
- Faculty of Medicine, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda
| | - Baifa Arwinyo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gulu Regional Referral Hospital, Gulu, Uganda
| | - Sande Ojara
- Faculty of Medicine, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda
| | - Jimmyy Opee
- Faculty of Medicine, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda
| | | | | | - Simple Ouma
- Research Department, The Aids Support Organisation, Kampala, Uganda
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Albsoul RA, Alshyyab MA, Albayyari RY, Alselaibi DH, Flefil SA, Jardaneh LH, Dababseh SYF, Al Odat BA, Alkubaisi FA, AlKhawaldeh MH, FitzGerald G. Qualitative evaluation of missed nursing care in neonatal intensive care units in a teaching hospital in Jordan. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 73:e277-e284. [PMID: 37788945 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Missed nursing care (MNC) is a worldwide patient safety issue. However, little is known about MNC in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). The aim of this paper is to explore the elements and factors influencing the occurrence of MNC in the NICU in a teaching hospital in Amman, Jordan. DESIGN AND METHODS The study used a qualitative descriptive design. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with NICU nurses. Purposeful sampling was used to select the participants and data collection was performed in the period August 2022 to September 2022. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS The participants included 15 female nurses. The majority of the participants held a bachelor's degree in nursing. Five themes emerged from the analysis of data namely: (1) Conceptualizations of MNC (2) Missed care elements in the NICU (3) Reasons behind MNC in the NICU (4) Consequences of MNC and (5) Strategies to reduce the occurrence of MNC. Feeding,changing diapers, monitoring vital signs, and medication administrationwere identified as missed care elements in the NICU. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this research may inform the development of interventions that may reduce missed care incidents in the NICU. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Addressing staff shortages and the provision of necessary materials and equipment appear to be the key factors that may reduce the frequency of MNC. Thus, enhancing patient safety and quality healthcare in this challenging healthcare environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rania Ali Albsoul
- Healthcare management, Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Muhammad Ahmed Alshyyab
- Health Services Management, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gerard FitzGerald
- Public Health, School of Public Health and Social Work, QUT, Brisbane, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Avberšek M, Ihssen J, Faccio G, Spitz U, Cugmas B. Chromogenic culture media complements diagnostic cytology in the visual identification of pathogenic skin bacteria in dogs and cats. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1152229. [PMID: 37496749 PMCID: PMC10367103 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1152229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In dogs and cats, bacterial skin infections (pyoderma and otitis externa) are a common cause for visiting the veterinary clinic. The most frequent skin pathogens are Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, often requiring different therapeutic antibiotic protocols. Unfavorably, existing diagnostics based on cytology cannot reveal bacterial species but only bacterial shapes such as cocci or rods. This microscopic limitation could be overcome by clinical translation of affordable chromogenic media, which enable species identification based on bacterial colonies growing in different colors and sizes. In this study, we determined how well inexperienced general veterinary clinicians identified bacterial pathogens from the skin and ears on two commercial (Chromatic™ MH and Flexicult® Vet) and one custom-made Mueller Hinton agar-based chromogenic medium. For this purpose, four veterinarians evaluated 100 unique samples representing 10 bacterial species. On average, clinicians correctly identified between 72.1 and 86.3% of bacterial species. Colony colors developed quickly on the Chromatic™ MH medium, leading to the highest 81.6% identification accuracy after 24 h incubation. However, Flexicult® Vet exhibited the highest accuracy of 86.3% after prolonged 48 h incubation. Evaluators easily recognized bacteria displaying uniquely colored colonies like green-brown Pseudomonas aeruginosa, blue Enterococcus faecalis, orange-brown Proteus spp., and red Escherichia coli. Oppositely, staphylococci shared uncharacteristically pale pink colonies causing misidentifications among the genus, deteriorating overall accuracy by around 10 percentage points (from 90.9%). Another reason for identification errors was the evaluators' inexperience, reflected in not recognizing colony size differences. For example, although Streptococcus canis exhibited the tiniest colonies, the species was frequently mistaken for other cocci. Finally, around 10% of errors were negligence-related slips due to unconsidered sample history. To conclude, the introduction of chromogenic media into veterinary clinics can significantly complement diagnostics in skin inflammations by identifying pathogen species in around 80% of cases. The extra information may help in therapeutic dilemmas on antibiotics and standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Additional personnel training and evaluation help by visuals, flowcharts, checklists, and, if necessary, microbiologists could further improve identification accuracy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miha Avberšek
- Veterinary Clinic Zamba, Vets4science d.o.o., Celje, Slovenia
| | | | | | | | - Blaž Cugmas
- Veterinary Clinic Zamba, Vets4science d.o.o., Celje, Slovenia
- Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Allender EA, Bottema SM, Bosley CL, Holst SJ, Clark WJ, Weaver AL, Rivera-Chiauzzi EY, Finney RE. Use of the Revised Second Victim Experience and Support Tool to Examine Second Victim Experiences of Respiratory Therapists. Respir Care 2023; 68:749-759. [PMID: 37041030 PMCID: PMC10208995 DOI: 10.4187/respcare.10719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory therapists (RTs) work alongside allied health staff, nurses, and physicians during stressful and traumatic events that can be associated with emotional and physiological implications known as second victim (SV) experiences (SVEs). This study aimed to evaluate SVEs of RTs, including both positive and negative implications. METHODS RTs within a large academic health care organization across Minnesota, Wisconsin, Florida, and Arizona were asked to participate in an anonymous survey that included the validated Second Victim Experience and Support Tool-Revised to assess SVEs as well as desired support services. RESULTS Of the RTs invited to participate, 30.8% (171/555) completed the survey. Of the 171 survey respondents, 91.2% (156) reported that they had been part of a stressful or traumatic work-related event as an RT, student, or department support staff member. Emotional or physiologic implications experienced by respondents as SVs included anxiety 39.1% (61/156), reliving of the event 36.5% (57/156), sleeplessness 32.1% (50/156), and guilt 28.2% (44/156). Following a stressful clinical event, 14.8% (22/149) experienced psychological distress, 14.2% (21/148) experienced physical distress, 17.7% (26/147) indicated lack of institutional support, and 15.6% (23/147) indicated turnover intentions. Enhanced resilience and growth were reported by 9.5% (14/147). Clinical and non-clinical events were reported as possible triggers for SVEs. Nearly half of respondents 49.4% (77/156) indicated feeling like an SV due to events related to COVID-19. Peer support was the highest ranked form of desired support following an SVE by 57.7% (90/156). CONCLUSIONS RTs are involved in stressful or traumatic clinical events, resulting in psychological/physical distress and turnover intentions. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on RTs' SVEs, highlighting the importance of addressing the SV phenomenon among this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erica A Allender
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sophia M Bottema
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Christopher L Bosley
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine-Respiratory Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Stephanie J Holst
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine-Respiratory Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - William J Clark
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine-Respiratory Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Amy L Weaver
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Robyn E Finney
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Godin MR, Nasr AS. Assessing the Impact of a New Pediatric Healthcare Facility on Medication Administration: A Human Factors Approach. J Nurs Adm 2023; 53:331-336. [PMID: 37219885 DOI: 10.1097/nna.0000000000001295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This observational descriptive study was designed to measure the effect a new evidence-based design (EBD) hospital has on pediatric medication safety. BACKGROUND Medication safety is a priority for nurse leaders. Controlling system design by increasing the understanding of the impact human factors have could improve medication delivery. METHODS Medication administration data from 2 studies conducted at the same hospital, 1 at an older facility in 2015 and the other at a new EBD facility in 2019, were compared using a similar research design. RESULTS Results indicate that rates of distractions per 100 drug administrations were all statistically significant, favoring the 2015 data regardless of the EBD. No statistically significant differences were observed in error rates of any type when comparing the data collected in the older facility versus the newer EBD facility. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that EBD alone does not ensure the absence of medication errors. By comparing 2 data sets, unanticipated associations were found that could impact safety. Despite the new facility's contemporary design, distractions persisted that could inform nurse leaders in developing interventions to support a safer patient care environment using a human factors approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret R Godin
- Author Affiliations: Manager (Godin), Nurse Informatics; Informatics Nurse Specialist (Godin); and Director of Nursing Research and EBP (Dr Nasr), Stanford Children's Health, Palo Alto; and Associate Professor (Dr Nasr), Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, California
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Uibu E, Põlluste K, Lember M, Toompere K, Kangasniemi M. Planned improvement actions based on patient safety incident reports in Estonian hospitals: a document analysis. BMJ Open Qual 2023; 12:bmjoq-2022-002058. [PMID: 37188481 DOI: 10.1136/bmjoq-2022-002058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Aim of this study was to describe and analyse associations of incidents and their improvement actions in hospital setting. METHODS It was a retrospective document analysis of incident reporting systems' reports registered during 2018-2019 in two Estonian regional hospitals. Data were extracted, organised, quantified and analysed by statistical methods. RESULTS In total, 1973 incident reports were analysed. The most commonly reported incidents were related to patient violent or self-harming behaviour (n=587), followed by patient accidents (n=379), and 40% of all incidents were non-harm incidents (n=782). Improvement actions were documented in 83% (n=1643) of all the reports and they were focused on (1) direct patient care, (2) staff-related actions; (3) equipment and general protocols and (4) environment and organisational issues. Improvement actions were mostly associated with medication and transfusion treatment and targeted to staff. The second often associated improvement actions were related to patient accidents and were mostly focused on that particular patient's further care. Improvement actions were mostly planned for incidents with moderate and mild harm, and for incidents involving children and adolescents. CONCLUSION Patient safety incidents-related improvement actions need to be considered as a strategy for long-term development in patient safety in organisations. It is vital for patient safety that the planned changes related to the reporting will be documented and implemented more visibly. As a result, it will boost the confidence in managers' work and strengthens all staff's commitment to patient safety initiatives in an organisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ere Uibu
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kaja Põlluste
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Margus Lember
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Karolin Toompere
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mari Kangasniemi
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Camacho-Rodríguez DE, Carrasquilla-Baza DA, Dominguez-Cancino KA, Palmieri PA. Patient Safety Culture in Latin American Hospitals: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14380. [PMID: 36361273 PMCID: PMC9658502 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adverse events in hospitals are prevented through risk reduction and reliable processes. Highly reliable hospitals are grounded by a robust patient safety culture with effective communication, leadership, teamwork, error reporting, continuous improvement, and organizational learning. Although hospitals regularly measure their patient safety culture for strengths and weaknesses, there have been no systematic reviews with meta-analyses reported from Latin America. PURPOSE Our systematic review aims to produce evidence about the status of patient safety culture in Latin American hospitals from studies using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC). METHODS This systematic review was guided by the JBI guidelines for evidence synthesis. Four databases were systematically searched for studies from 2011 to 2021 originating in Latin America. Studies identified for inclusion were assessed for methodological quality and risk of bias. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including meta-analysis for professional subgroups and meta-regression for subgroup effect, were calculated. RESULTS In total, 30 studies from five countries-Argentina (1), Brazil (22), Colombia (3), Mexico (3), and Peru (1)-were included in the review, with 10,915 participants, consisting primarily of nursing staff (93%). The HSOPSC dimensions most positive for patient safety culture were "organizational learning: continuous improvement" and "teamwork within units", while the least positive were "nonpunitive response to error" and "staffing". Overall, there was a low positive perception (48%) of patient safety culture as a global measure (95% CI, 44.53-51.60), and a significant difference was observed for physicians who had a higher positive perception than nurses (59.84; 95% CI, 56.02-63.66). CONCLUSIONS Patient safety culture is a relatively unknown or unmeasured concept in most Latin American countries. Health professional programs need to build patient safety content into curriculums with an emphasis on developing skills in communication, leadership, and teamwork. Despite international accreditation penetration in the region, there were surprisingly few studies from countries with accredited hospitals. Patient safety culture needs to be a priority for hospitals in Latin America through health policies requiring annual assessments to identify weaknesses for quality improvement initiatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doriam E. Camacho-Rodríguez
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Santa Marta 470002, Colombia
- EBHC South America: A JBI Affiliated Group, Calle Cartavio 406, Lima 15023, Peru
| | - Deibys A. Carrasquilla-Baza
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Santa Marta 470002, Colombia
- EBHC South America: A JBI Affiliated Group, Calle Cartavio 406, Lima 15023, Peru
| | - Karen A. Dominguez-Cancino
- EBHC South America: A JBI Affiliated Group, Calle Cartavio 406, Lima 15023, Peru
- Addiction Study Program, Université de Sherbrooke, 150, Place Charles-Le Moyne, Bureau 200, Longueuil, QC J4K 0A8, Canada
- Escuela de Salud Pública, Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 939, Independencia, Santiago de Chile 8380453, Chile
| | - Patrick A. Palmieri
- EBHC South America: A JBI Affiliated Group, Calle Cartavio 406, Lima 15023, Peru
- South American Center for Qualitative Research, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Av. Arequipa 444, Lima 15046, Peru
- College of Graduate Health Studies, A.T. Still University, 800 West Jefferson Street, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA
- Center for Global Nursing, Texas Woman’s University, 6700 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|