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Schröder A, Örs T, Byeon YO, Cieplik F, Proff P, Kirschneck C, Paddenberg E. Impact of Mechanical Strain and Nicotinamide on RUNX2-Deficient Osteoblast Mimicking Cleidocranial Dysplasia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16581. [PMID: 38068903 PMCID: PMC10705976 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a rare genetic defect caused by a heterozygous mutation of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), which is important for osteoblast and skeletal development. RUNX2-deficiency causes extra- and intra-oral malformations that often require orthodontic treatment. Nicotinamide (NAM) affects bone remodelling processes. As these are crucial for orthodontic therapy, NAM could improve orthodontic treatment in CCD patients. This study investigates the effect of NAM in control and RUNX2-deficient osteoblasts under mechanical strain mimicking orthodontic treatment. First, the optimal NAM concentration and the differences in the expression profile of control and RUNX2-deficient osteoblasts were determined. Subsequently, osteoblasts were exposed to tensile and compressive strain with and without NAM, and the expression of genes critically involved in bone remodelling was investigated. NAM increased the expression of bone remodelling genes. RUNX2-deficient osteoblasts expressed more receptor activator of NFkB ligand (RANKL) and interleukin-6 (IL6), but less colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF1). Most of the positive effects of NAM on bone remodelling genes were impaired by mechanical loading. In conclusion, NAM stimulated osteoblast differentiation by increasing the expression of RUNX2 and regulated the expression of osteoclastogenic factors. However, the positive effects of NAM on bone metabolism were impaired by mechanical loading and RUNX2 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Schröder
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (T.Ö.); (Y.-O.B.); (P.P.); (E.P.)
| | - Talia Örs
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (T.Ö.); (Y.-O.B.); (P.P.); (E.P.)
| | - Ye-Oun Byeon
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (T.Ö.); (Y.-O.B.); (P.P.); (E.P.)
| | - Fabian Cieplik
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Peter Proff
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (T.Ö.); (Y.-O.B.); (P.P.); (E.P.)
| | | | - Eva Paddenberg
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (T.Ö.); (Y.-O.B.); (P.P.); (E.P.)
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Dinu C, Manea A, Tomoiagă D, Băciuț M, Almășan O, Mitre AO, Barbur I, Hedeșiu M, Armencea G, Opriș H, Stoia S, Tamaș T, Băciuț G, Onișor F, Bran S. Recovery following Orthognathic Surgery Procedures-A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16028. [PMID: 36498101 PMCID: PMC9737144 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at evaluating and categorizing patients’ objective and subjective postoperative recovery symptoms after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery assigning the healing process. The patients were monitored throughout the recovery process, and their symptoms were managed. A prospective, observational study was performed. Patients with Class II and III malocclusion (aged 18 to 35) were evaluated and monitored preoperatively, and postoperatively at 48 h, 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months postsurgery. A questionnaire was used to assess pain and anesthesia/hypoesthesia. The most common objective and subjective signs that were correlated with the healing process were edema, hematoma, trismus, pain, and anesthesia/hypoesthesia. Edema peaked at 48−72 h postoperatively (distance between eye’s external canthus and gonion, mean difference = 4.53, between tragus and cheilion, mean difference = 7, between tragus and gnathion, mean difference = 4.65, p < 0.001); mouth opening amplitude was significantly decreased during the first two weeks postsurgery (class II, mean difference = 32.42, p = 0.006, class III, mean difference = 44.57, p < 0.001), but it steadily and considerably improved over three months. The nose tended to widen postsurgery. The most severe pain experienced by patients was of medium intensity in the mandibular body, described as pressure, and usually did not spread. Patients were most severely and persistently impacted by anesthesia/hypoesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Dinu
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 37 Cardinal Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Avram Manea
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 37 Cardinal Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Denisa Tomoiagă
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 37 Cardinal Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Băciuț
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 37 Cardinal Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Almășan
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 32 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Otto Mitre
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 37 Cardinal Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioan Barbur
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 37 Cardinal Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Hedeșiu
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 37 Cardinal Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriel Armencea
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 37 Cardinal Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Horia Opriș
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 37 Cardinal Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sebastian Stoia
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 37 Cardinal Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Tiberiu Tamaș
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 37 Cardinal Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Grigore Băciuț
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 37 Cardinal Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Florin Onișor
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 37 Cardinal Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simion Bran
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 37 Cardinal Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Mohammadi Shayan A, Behroozian A, Sadrhaghighi A, Moghaddam SF, Shahmorad Moghanlou A, Amanabi M. Prevalence of dental anomalies in different facial patterns and malocclusions in an Iranian population. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2022; 12:525-528. [PMID: 35855934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and association of dental anomalies with different types of malocclusions and facial patterns. Methods In this cross-sectional study, the records of patients referred to the Orthodontics Department at 12-20 years of age were collected. The patients were classified into four types of malocclusion: Cl I, Cl II div 1, Cl II div 2, and Cl III, and three types of facial patterns: normal, long, and short. Fifteen dental anomalies were searched within the documents. The statistical analysis of data was performed with chi-squared and Fisher's exact test. Results Among 602 patients evaluated in this study, 28.6% were males, and 71.4% were females. The prevalence of Cl I, Cl II div1, Cl II div 2, and Cl III was 58.3%, 28.7%, 5.5%, and 7.5%, respectively. The normal facial pattern was most prevalent (47.2%), followed by the long facial pattern (41.4%) and short facial pattern (11.5%); 60.7% of the study population had at least one dental anomaly. Dilaceration was the most common anomaly (27.7%), followed by impaction (21.8%) and hypodontia (18.9%). Most dental anomalies were found in females, Cl II malocclusion, and long face samples. A statistically significant association was found between transposition and male gender (P = 0.006) and between short roots and Cl II malocclusion (P = 0.047). No significant association was found between dental anomalies and facial patterns. Conclusion Significant associations were reported between transposition and male gender and between short roots and Cl II malocclusion. In our population, dilaceration was the most common dental anomaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Mohammadi Shayan
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Ahmad Behroozian
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Amirhouman Sadrhaghighi
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Alshukairi H. Combination of Multiple Dental Anomalies in Healthy Patient: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021; 14:825-827. [PMID: 35110879 PMCID: PMC8783225 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Haneen Alshukairi
- Preventive Dentistry Department, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Al, Saudi Arabia
- Haneen Alshukairi, Preventive Dentistry Department, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, e-mail:
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