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Choucry M, Shalabi AA, El Halawany AM, El-Sakhawy FS, Zaiter A, Morita H, Chaimbault P, Abdel-Sattar E. New Pregnane Glycosides Isolated from Caralluma hexagona Lavranos as Inhibitors of α-Glucosidase, Pancreatic Lipase, and Advanced Glycation End Products Formation. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:18881-18889. [PMID: 34337228 PMCID: PMC8320078 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Caralluma hexagona Lavranos (Family Asclepiadaceae) is an endemic herb in Yemen and Saudi Arabia, traditionally used to treat diabetes, abdominal pain, and stomach ulcers. Different extracts, fractions, and main constituents of C. hexagona were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against key enzymes in diabetes and hyperlipidemia, i.e., α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase. In addition, the antioxidative effect and inhibition of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were also assayed. Using a bioguided approach, the crude aqueous, methanolic extracts, methylene chloride (CH2Cl2), Diaion HP20 50% MeOH (DCF-1), and 100% MeOH (DCF-2) fractions of C. hexagona were evaluated for their possible α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase inhibition and antioxidant activity. In addition, inhibition of AGE generation using bovine serum albumin (BSA)-fructose, BSA-methylglyoxal, and arginine-methylglyoxal models was carried out. Moreover, the main constituents of the most active fraction were isolated and identified using different chromatographic and sprectroscopic methods. From the most active CH2Cl2 fraction, four new pregnane glycosides were isolated and identified as 12β-O-benzoyl 3β,8β,12β,14β,20-pentahydroxy-(20S)-pregn-5-ene-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-β-d-digitaloside (1), 3β,8β,14β,20-tetrahydroxy-(20S)-pregn-5-ene-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-β-d-digitaloside-20-O-3-isoval-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), 3β,8β,14β,20-tetrahydroxy-(20R)-pregn-5-ene-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-β-d-digitaloside-20-O-3-isoval-4-benzoyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (3A), and 3β,8β,14β,20-tetrahydroxy-(20R)-pregn-5-ene-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-β-d-digitaloside-20-O-3,4 di-benzoyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (3B). Among the tested samples, the highest trolox equivalent (TE) antioxidant capacity (TEAC) was observed for DCF-1 with values of 128.53 ± 5.07, 378.58 ± 5.19, and 106.71 ± 5.66 μM TE/mg using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) assays, respectively. The isolated apigenin-8-C-neohesperoside showed the highest antioxidant capacity (168.80 ± 1.80 and 278.21 ± 13.26 μM TE/mM) in DPPH and FRAP, respectively, while luteolin 4'-O-β-d-neohesperidoside had the highest TEAC (599.19 ± 9.57 μM TE/mM) in ABTS assay. Compounds 1, 2, and the mixture 3A and 3B inhibited α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 0.92 ± 0.02, 0.67 ± 0.01, and 0.74 ± 0.02 mM, respectively. In the AGE assays, DCF-1 showed the highest inhibitory effect in BSA-fructose and arginine-methylglyoxal models with IC50 values of 0.39 ± 0.02 and 0.77 ± 0.10 mg/mL, respectively. Among the isolated compounds, flavonoid compounds showed the highest antiglycation effect, while pregnanes revealed higher α-glucosidase inhibition. In conclusion, the current study revealed that C. hexagona is a promising Yemeni natural remedy, of which the major content of pregnane glycosides and flavonoids could be considered as a new therapeutic candidate targeting the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouchira
A. Choucry
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo
University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, 11771 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Akram A. Shalabi
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo
University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, 11771 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ali M. El Halawany
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo
University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, 11771 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma S. El-Sakhawy
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo
University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, 11771 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ali Zaiter
- Université
de Lorraine, LCP-A2MC, 57000 Metz, France
| | - Hiroyuki Morita
- Institute
of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | | | - Essam Abdel-Sattar
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo
University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, 11771 Cairo, Egypt
- . Tel: +20-1065847211
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Sundar M, Suresh S, Lingakumar K. Influence of Caralluma adscendens Var. attenuata cold cream on UV-B damaged skin epidermal cells: a novel approach. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:155. [PMID: 33747705 PMCID: PMC7930170 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02694-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation-induced sunburns are characterized by pigmented, wrinkled, and dried skin, with rashes and red spots. Chemical sunscreen lotion shows beneficial effects, but it shows the adverse side effect while in continuous usage. Natural substances of plant origin are deemed a possible cause of UV radiation through sunscreen resources. On this basis, we formulated the cold cream from the Caralluma adscendens Var. attenuata (CAVA) plant extract. The phytocompounds were studied by using GC-MS. The antioxidant potential of the plant extract was determined, and the CAVA showed cytotoxicity on A375 skin melanoma cells determined by MTT assay. The FT-IR spectra analysis confirmed the chemical nature of crude and crosslinking between cold creams. The cream was applied topically to rats pre-exposed to UV-B radiation (32,800 J/m2) four times/week (on alternate days). UV-B exposed without any treatment rats showed increased red spots or wrinkles (5 cm2). In contrast, the cold cream treatment application on irradiated skin has significantly reduced the size of rashes and red spots and the wound was contracted in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, histopathology of the experimental rat skin confirmed that CAVA cream treatment significantly reduced the epidermal thickening, damage in dermis and epidermis layers, and restructured the hair follicles. This study suggests that the cream formulated using CAVA can alleviate the damages caused by the UV-B-irradiation at a high level and safeguard the skin tissues. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-02694-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madasamy Sundar
- Centre for Research and Postgraduate Studies in Botany, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College, Sivakasi, Tamilnadu 626124 India
- Department of Botany, Directorate of Distance Education, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamilnadu 625021 India
| | - Sudan Suresh
- Department of Botany, Directorate of Distance Education, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamilnadu 625021 India
| | - Krishnasamy Lingakumar
- Centre for Research and Postgraduate Studies in Botany, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College, Sivakasi, Tamilnadu 626124 India
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