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Virk MS, Virk MA, He Y, Tufail T, Gul M, Qayum A, Rehman A, Rashid A, Ekumah JN, Han X, Wang J, Ren X. The Anti-Inflammatory and Curative Exponent of Probiotics: A Comprehensive and Authentic Ingredient for the Sustained Functioning of Major Human Organs. Nutrients 2024; 16:546. [PMID: 38398870 PMCID: PMC10893534 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Several billion microorganisms reside in the gastrointestinal lumen, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and yeast. Among them, probiotics were primarily used to cure digestive disorders such as intestinal infections and diarrhea; however, with a paradigm shift towards alleviating health through food, their importance is large. Moreover, recent studies have changed the perspective that probiotics prevent numerous ailments in the major organs. Probiotics primarily produce biologically active compounds targeting discommodious pathogens. This review demonstrates the implications of using probiotics from different genres to prevent and alleviate ailments in the primary human organs. The findings reveal that probiotics immediately activate anti-inflammatory mechanisms by producing anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, IL-11, and IL-13, and hindering pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α by involving regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T helper cells (Th cells). Several strains of Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus reuteri, Bifidobacterium longum, and Bifidobacterium breve have been listed among the probiotics that are excellent in alleviating various simple to complex ailments. Therefore, the importance of probiotics necessitates robust research to unveil the implications of probiotics, including the potency of strains, the optimal dosages, the combination of probiotics, their habitat in the host, the host response, and other pertinent factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Safiullah Virk
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | | | - Yufeng He
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - Tabussam Tufail
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mehak Gul
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qayum
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - Abdur Rehman
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - Arif Rashid
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - John-Nelson Ekumah
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - Xu Han
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - Junxia Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
| | - Xiaofeng Ren
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (M.S.V.)
- Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Faridzadeh A, Yadegari Y, Bakhshaee M, Kabiri M, Mohammadi M, Khoshkhui M, Jabbari Azad F. The role of synbiotics as adjunctive agents in the treatment of allergic rhinitis: A randomized controlled trial. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1571. [PMID: 37799445 PMCID: PMC10547858 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent chronic disease affecting a significant portion of the global population. The substantial economic burden associated with treating AR necessitates the exploration of alternative therapies. Probiotics have gained attention due to their availability, minimal adverse effects, and cost-effectiveness. The present study aims to investigate the role of synbiotics as adjunctive agents in the treatment of AR when added to standard treatment. Method Thirty patients with persistent allergic rhinitis (PAR) were randomly assigned to receive routine diet therapy plus synbiotics or routine diet therapy plus placebo per day for 4 months. The data analysis was conducted using SPSS Version 20. Result This study revealed a notable difference in immunoglobulin (Ig)E levels between the placebo and synbiotics groups (p = 0.035) following the intervention. Although a statistically significant difference (p = 0.039) was observed in the changes before and after the intervention (synbiotics and placebo) in the SNOT22 questionnaire, this finding was not observed for the MiniRQLQ questionnaire. For the MiniRQLQ questionnaire, the within-group analysis showed significant changes in activity variables (p = 0.023), ocular symptoms (p = 0.036), and practical problems (p = 0.043) exclusively in the synbiotics group. Additionally, changes in nasal symptoms were observed in both synbiotics (p = 0.006) and placebo (p = 0.007) groups. Conclusion This study suggests that synbiotics supplementation for 4 months can impact IgE levels compared with placebo in individuals with PAR, while also exhibiting positive effects on symptomology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Faridzadeh
- Immunology Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Yaser Yadegari
- Allergy Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mahdi Bakhshaee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Qaem HospitalMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mona Kabiri
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology InstituteMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ghaem HospitalMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mozhgan Mohammadi
- Immunology Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Maryam Khoshkhui
- Allergy Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Liu D, Wang X, Zhang H. Efficacy and safety of gastrointestinal microbiome supplementation for allergic rhinitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 118:154948. [PMID: 37418839 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a non-infective chronic inflammatory disease of nasal mucosa. PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of gastrointestinal microbiome supplementation (GMS) for patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), concerning improvement on symptoms and signs, laboratory outcomes, quality of life, and medication scores. METHODS Five English databases were searched up to Dec 12th, 2022. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics were main therapies or adjuvants in experimental groups. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were conducted based on the Cochrane systematic review method by using RevMan 5.4 Software, with meta-influence analyses, subgroup-analyses, meta-regression, and publication bias performed for exploration of heterogeneity by Stata V.14. Trial sequential analyses were performed by TSA 0.9, and quality of the results was accessed through the GRADE-pro GDT. RESULTS Finally, extracted from 53 articles, 65 RCTs involving 3,634 participants with sound worldwide representativeness were included. Primary results showed better improvement in GMS groups on TNSS (WMD=1.05, P for WMD=0.004, 95%CI:0.34 to 1.76), overall nasal condition (WMD=1.25, P for WMD<0.001, 95%CI:0.90 to 1.61), overall quality of life (WMD=6.16, P for WMD<0.001, 95%CI:4.92 to 7.40) and medication score (WMD=0.42, P for WMD=0.42, 95%CI:-0.06 to 0.90).However, GMS groups were inferior than the controls concerning reduction on serum total IgE (WMD=-1.81) and ratios of serum Th1/Th2 (WMD=-1.06). Meta-regressions suggested significant (p<0.05) variations of the effects in some comparisons. In addition, results of sub-group analyses firstly revealed potential influence between final results and the variables above. Instantly after intervention, the GRADE levels of evidence were sound, including "High ⨁⨁⨁⨁" in 10, "Moderate ⨁⨁⨁◯" in 33, and "Low ⨁⨁◯◯" in nine comparisons. However, overall certainties decreased obviously during follow-ups. CONCLUSION Overall, our pooled results firstly revealed that GMS yielded acceptable benefits for patients with AR compared with controls with sound certainties, after balancing the benefits and harms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Xilu Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, PR China.
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Ahangari Maleki M, Malek Mahdavi A, Soltani-Zangbar MS, Yousefi M, Khabbazi A. Randomized double-blinded controlled trial on the effect of synbiotic supplementation on IL-17/IL-23 pathway and disease activity in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2023; 45:43-51. [PMID: 35947039 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2112220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin 17 (IL17)-expressing CD4+ T cells and IL-17/IL-23 pathway play a key role in the pathogenesis of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Synbiotics have been suggested due to their immunomodulatory effects in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. This randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was designed to assess the effects of synbiotic supplement on IL-17/IL-23 pathway and disease activity in patients with axSpA. METHODS Forty-eight axSpA patients were randomly allocated to use one synbiotic capsule or placebo daily for 12 weeks. Disease activity was assessed using the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and ASAS-endorsed disease activity score-C-reactive protein (ASDAS-CRP). The secondary outcome was proportion of IL17-expressing CD4+ T cells, IL-17 and IL-23 gene expression, and supernatant levels of IL-17 and IL-23, which were measured at the baseline and end of the trial. RESULTS A total of 48 patients were randomized into the synbiotic and placebo groups. Thirty-eight patients completed the study. Synbiotic supplementation significantly reduced the proportion of IL17-expressing CD4+ T cells (4.88 ± 2.47 vs. 2.16 ± 1.25), gene expression of IL-17 (1.03 ± 0.24 vs. 0.65 ± 0.26) and IL-23 (1.01 ± 0.13 vs. 0.68 ± 0.24) and serum IL-17 (38.22 ± 14.40 vs. 24.38 ± 11.68) and IL-23 (51.77 ± 17.40 vs. 32.16 ± 12.46) compared with baseline. Significant differences between groups were noticed only in the proportion of IL17-expressing CD4+ T cells, and IL-17 and IL-23 gene expression. Synbiotic supplementation did not significantly alter BASDAI and ASDAS-CRP compared with baseline and placebo group at the end of trial. CONCLUSION Present study indicated beneficial effect of synbiotic supplement on IL-17/IL-23 pathway without improving disease activity in axSpApatients.HighlightsSynbiotic supplementation reduced IL17-expressing CD4+ T cells proportion in axSpA.Synbiotic supplementation decreased IL-17 and IL-23 gene expression in axSpA.Synbiotic supplementation did not change disease activity score in axSpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Ahangari Maleki
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aida Malek Mahdavi
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Rahat Breath and Sleep Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Khabbazi
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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The gut microbiome and allergic rhinitis; refocusing on the role of probiotics as a treatment option. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 280:511-517. [PMID: 36239785 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-022-07694-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the industrialized world, the incidence of Allergic rhinitis (AR), often known as hay fever, and other allergic disorders continues to grow. Recent studies have suggested environmental variables such as bacterial exposures as a potential reason for the rising prevalence of AR. With breakthroughs in our abilities to research the complex crosstalk of bacteria, the gut microbiomes' effect on human development, nutritional requirements, and immunologic disorders has become apparent METHODS: Three search engines, including Scopus, Medline, and PubMed, were searched for related published articles up to and including 1st July 2022. RESULTS Several studies have investigated links between commensal microbiome alterations and the development of atopic diseases such as asthma and AR. Besides, studies using probiotics for treating AR suggest that they may alleviate symptoms and improve patient's quality of life. CONCLUSION Research on probiotics and synbiotics for AR suggests they may improve symptoms, quality of life, and laboratory indicators. A better treatment strategy with advantages for patients may be achieved using probiotics, but only if more detailed in vitro and in vivo investigations are conducted with more participants.
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Khabbazi A, Ahangari Maleki M, Soltani-Zangbar MS, Yousefi M, Malek Mahdavi A. Effects of synbiotic supplementation on regulatory T cells' response in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: a randomized double-masked placebo-controlled trial. Food Funct 2022; 13:12733-12741. [PMID: 36409223 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01377k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted on samples from patients enrolled in a randomized double-masked placebo-controlled trial on the effect of synbiotic supplementation on the IL-17/IL-23 pathway and disease activity in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) to investigate the effects of synbiotic supplementation on regulatory T (Treg) cells' response in these patients. Forty-eight axSpA patients were randomized to take one synbiotic capsule or placebo daily for 12 weeks. Treg cell proportion, gene expression of forkhead box protein P3 (Foxp3), microRNA (miRNA)-25, miRNA-106b, miRNA-146a, interleukin (IL)-10, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β as well as serum IL-10 and TGF-β levels were assessed before and after the trial. Thirty-eight patients (19 in each group) completed the trial. The proportion of Treg cells (P < 0.001), the gene expression of FoxP3 (P < 0.001), IL-10 (P = 0.001), TGF-β (P < 0.001), and miRNA-146a (P < 0.001) and serum IL-10 (P = 0.003) and TGF-β (P = 0.002) levels significantly increased compared to the baseline in the synbiotic group. Additionally, a significant reduction in the gene expression of miRNA-25 (P < 0.001) and miRNA-106b (P < 0.001) was observed in the synbiotic group. Significant between-group differences were observed in the proportion of Treg cells (P = 0.024) and the gene expression of FoxP3 (P = 0.010), IL-10 (P = 0.002), TGF-β (P = 0.016), miRNA-25 (P = 0.008), miRNA-106b (P = 0.001), and miRNA-146a (P = 0.010). Differences in the serum levels of IL-10 and TGF-β between the groups were not significant. As a conclusion, synbiotic supplementation could modulate Treg cells' response in axSpA patients and thus can be promising as an adjunctive therapy. Additional investigations would help in further clarifying the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Khabbazi
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Masoud Ahangari Maleki
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aida Malek Mahdavi
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Rahat Breathe and Sleep Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Sadeghi M, Asadirad A, Koushki K, Keshavarz Shahbaz S, Dehnavi S. Recent advances in improving intranasal allergen-specific immunotherapy; focus on delivery systems and adjuvants. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109327. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Galvan Calle CA, Díaz Vásquez C, Muñoz Leon R, Matos Benavides EE, Verde Leon AV. Clinical efficacy of synbiotics in children with allergic rhinitis: An observational cohort study from a private medical center in Peru. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 10:e736. [PMID: 36444623 PMCID: PMC9667200 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics in allergic rhinitis (AR) have shown improvement in clinical and quality of life scores, whereas the role of synbiotics in the treatment of AR has been poorly investigated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of synbiotics in children with AR. METHODS An observational, prospective cohort study of pediatric outpatients with AR from a private medical center in Peru (2021) was conducted. At baseline, patients who were prescribed synbiotics during routine and those who were not (controls) recruited and followed up on Days 30, 60, and 90 of follow-up. Clinical efficacy was assessed with differences in Visual Analogous Scale (VAS), Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS), Rhinitis Control Assessment Test (RCAT), and the Pediatric Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (PRQLQ) scores between groups at follow-up. Mean differences ± standard deviation (SD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) are reported. RESULTS Two hundred and fifteen participants were analyzed. Compared to controls (n = 115), those who used synbiotics (n = 100) had significantly lower VAS (mean difference 1.3; 95% CI: 0.8-1.8), TNSS (mean difference 1.1; 95% CI: 0.5-1.7) and higher RCAT scores and PRQLQ scores (mean difference 2.2; 95% CI: -3.3 to -1.2) and (mean difference 7.0; 95% CI: 3.1-10.9), respectively, at Day 90 of follow-up CONCLUSIONS: This paper reports significant improvement in clinical (VAS, RCAT, TNSS) and quality of life (PRQLQ) scores of small and large sizes, respectively. These preliminary findings support the need of future trials to assess the role of synbiotics in children with AR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cecilia Díaz Vásquez
- Instituto Nacional de Salud del NiñoLimaPeru,Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño San BorjaLimaPeru
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Zhang J, Cheng H, Luo Y, Kan D, Wang Y. Effect of Loratadine Tablets in Combination with Other Drugs on Nasal Physiological Function and T Lymphocyte Subsets in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:3990427. [PMID: 36045965 PMCID: PMC9420603 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3990427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of loratadine tablets in combination with other drugs on nasal physiological function and T lymphocyte subsets in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods A total of 120 AR patients treated in our hospital from February 2018 to February 2021 were randomly divided into control group and research group. The control group was given mometasone furoate nasal spray combined with loratadine tablets, while the research group was given budesonide combined with loratadine. The efficacy, duration of clinical symptom remission, immune function indicators, T lymphocyte subset, nasal physiological function, and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The efficacy results of the two groups showed that the effective rate of the research group was 96.67%, while the effective rate of the control group was 83.33%. The effective rate in the research group was higher compared to the control group (χ 2: 5.925 P < 0.05). The results of clinical symptom relief time showed that the clinical symptom relief time of nasal congestion, itching, runny nose, and sneezing in the research group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The results of the comparison of immune function indicators showed that the IL-6, IL-8, and IgE of the research group were lower than those of the control group, while the Th1/Th2 of the research group were higher than those of the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in T lymphocyte subsets before nursing, but after treatment, the T lymphocyte subsets of the two groups decreased, and the level of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ lymphocytes in the research group was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there exhibited no significant difference in nasal physiological function, but after treatment, the nasal physiological function of the two groups was enhanced, and the MTT, NR, and MCR of the research group were lower than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Finally, the incidence of adverse reactions in the research group was lower compared to the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Budesonide and loratadine are effective in improving patient efficacy, T lymphocyte subsets, and nasal physiological function, and are safer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- PuRen Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technolog/Otorhinolaryngology, No. 1 Benxi Street, Qingshan District, Wuhan City 430081, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hongzheng Cheng
- PuRen Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technolog/Otorhinolaryngology, No. 1 Benxi Street, Qingshan District, Wuhan City 430081, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yi Luo
- PuRen Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technolog/Otorhinolaryngology, No. 1 Benxi Street, Qingshan District, Wuhan City 430081, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dan Kan
- PuRen Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technolog/Otorhinolaryngology, No. 1 Benxi Street, Qingshan District, Wuhan City 430081, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yinghuai Wang
- PuRen Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technolog/Otorhinolaryngology, No. 1 Benxi Street, Qingshan District, Wuhan City 430081, Hubei Province, China
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Farahmandi K, Mohr AE, McFarland LV. Effects of Probiotics on Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2022; 36:440-450. [PMID: 35099301 DOI: 10.1177/19458924211073550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of allergic rhinitis has been estimated to range from 10 to 30% in adults and up to 40% in children. Probiotics have been tested as for this condition, but no census on which probiotic types are most effective. OBJECTIVE Our aim of this study was to provide probiotic strain-specific evaluation for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. METHODS Databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect) were searched (from inception to October 2020) to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of probiotic treatments in allergic rhinitis patients. A systematic review was done comparing types of reported outcomes, clinical and immunological parameters and safety data. A meta-analysis was done for probiotics with at least two RCTs per probiotic strain(s) and sharing a common outcome. RESULTS A total of 13 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials (N = 1591 participants) were included in the systematic review. Overall, 8 of 9 probiotic types alleviated at least one clinical symptom of allergic rhinitis. The meta-analysis results showed that, neither L. paracasei Lp33 (SMD = -1.61, 95% CI -4.67, 1.45) nor L. rhamnosus GG (SMD = -1.00, 95% CI -3.01, 1.00) had significant efficacy for reducing nasal symptom scores. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis showed probiotics produced a slight improvement in some clinical and immunological measurements on allergic rhinitis. Due to the diversity of outcome measurements and lack of sufficient trials for each probiotic strain, future trials are needed with similar study design and uniform outcomes to better compare the effect of probiotics on allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Farahmandi
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Alex E Mohr
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Lynne V McFarland
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Sadeghi M, Keshavarz Shahbaz S, Dehnavi S, Koushki K, Sankian M. Current possibilities and future perspectives for improving efficacy of allergen-specific sublingual immunotherapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108350. [PMID: 34782275 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Allergen-specific sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), a safe and efficient route for treating type I hypersensitivity disorders, requires high doses of allergens. SLIT is generally performed without adjuvants and delivery systems. Therefore, allergen formulation with appropriate presentation platforms results in improved allergen availability, targeting the immune cells, inducing regulatory immune responses, and enhancing immunotherapy's efficacy while decreasing the dose of the allergen. In this review, we discuss the adjuvants and delivery systems that have been applied as allergen-presentation platforms for SLIT. These adjuvants include TLRs ligands, 1α, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3, galectin-9, probiotic and bacterial components that provoke allergen-specific helper type-1 T lymphocytes (TH1), and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Another approach is encapsulation or adsorption of the allergens into a particulate vector system to facilitate allergen capture by tolerogenic dendritic cells. Also, we proposed strategies to increasing the efficacy of SLIT via new immunopotentiators and carrier systems in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahvash Sadeghi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Sanaz Keshavarz Shahbaz
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Sajad Dehnavi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Koushki
- Hepatitis Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Sankian
- Immunobiochemistry Lab, Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Meirlaen L, Levy EI, Vandenplas Y. Prevention and Management with Pro-, Pre and Synbiotics in Children with Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:934. [PMID: 33799367 PMCID: PMC7999316 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic diseases including allergic rhinitis and asthma are increasing in the developing world, related to a westernizing lifestyle, while the prevalence is stable and decreasing in the industrialized world. This paper aims to answer the question if prevention and/or treatment of allergic rhinitis and asthma can be achieved by administrating pro-, pre- and/or synbiotics that might contribute to stabilizing the disturbed microbiome that influences the immune system through the gut-lung axis. We searched for relevant English articles in PubMed and Google Scholar. Articles interesting for the topic were selected using subject heading and key words. Interesting references in included articles were also considered. While there is substantial evidence from animal studies in well controlled conditions that selected probiotic strains may offer benefits in the prevention of wheezing and asthma, outcomes from clinical studies in infants (including as well pre- and postnatal administration) are disappointing. The latter may be related to the multiple confounding factors such as environment, strain selection and dosage, moment of administration and genetic background. There is little evidence to recommend administration of pro, pre- or synbiotics in the prevention of asthma and allergic rhinitis in children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yvan Vandenplas
- KidZ Health Castle, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (L.M.); (E.I.L.)
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Bourdillon AT, Edwards HA. Review of probiotic use in otolaryngology. Am J Otolaryngol 2021; 42:102883. [PMID: 33453564 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Probiotics have garnered considerable attention as an intervention for various conditions common to otolaryngology. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the current literature to offer recommendations about the safety and efficacy of probiotic management in otolaryngologic conditions. STUDY DESIGN Narrative review. METHODS PubMed and Google Scholar were queried using pertinent keywords to retrieve relevant studies with particular focus in the recent 5 years. All abstracts were assessed and studies, reviews and meta-analyses achieving evaluation of probiotic therapies or characterization of microbiome changes were included for further review. Studies were categorized by condition or anatomic region across various subspecialties. Key data parameters were extracted and evaluated across studies and treatment types. RESULTS Strong evidence exists for the use probiotic agents to improve symptoms for allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis and certain dental conditions. Despite promising results, further investigation is needed to evaluate and optimize probiotic delivery for mitigating otitis media, oropharyngeal inflammation and upper respiratory tract infections. Preclinical studies suggest that probiotics may potentially offer benefit for voice prosthesis maintenance, wound healing and mitigation of oral dysplasia. CONCLUSION Probiotic therapies may offer clinical benefit in a variety of contexts within the field of otolaryngology, especially for short-term relief of certain inflammatory conditions of the oral cavity, auditory and nasal cavities. Further investigation is warranted for evaluation of long-term outcomes and pathogenic deterrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra T Bourdillon
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America.
| | - Heather A Edwards
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America.
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