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Macovei G, Minea R, Dumitraș IT, Precup CA, Baroiu L, Nechifor A, Armencia AO, Lese AC. Changes in Dento-Facial Morphology Induced by Wind Instruments, in Professional Musicians and Physical Exercises That Can Prevent or Improve Them-A Systematic Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1528. [PMID: 37511903 PMCID: PMC10381963 DOI: 10.3390/life13071528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to highlight the changes that occur regarding dento-facial morphology, facial, and masticatory muscles in musicians who play wind instruments. Anatomical and functional changes may occur after the long-term use of each type of wind instrument. We considered studies of the impact of playing the wind instrument on the masticatory muscle activity and the resulting modifications. Both children and adults can be affected by playing wind instruments in regard to tooth positioning and facial morphology. These changes relate to the type of wind instruments, the type of vowels and tones used by instrumentalists. There most valuable breathing techniques have been identified that improve the redistribution of pressure, with a minimizing effect on the morphological changes in the oral cavity and cephalic extremity, implicitly on the masticatory functional disorders. In addition to these beneficial effects on the stomatognathic system, these breathing techniques favorably increase lung capacity. Furthermore, a series of toning exercises for neck muscles-which are actively involved and overworked by wind instrument-playing artists-was identified. The study concludes that less experienced instrumentalists demonstrate increased facial muscle engagement, possibly leading to excessive strain, while experienced instrumentalists exhibit more optimized patterns of muscle activity. The novelty of this research lies in its interdisciplinary approach to understanding the influence of wind instruments on dento-facial morphology, addressing preventive and corrective measures to mitigate undesirable outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgiana Macovei
- Department of Oral and Dental Diagnostics, "Gr. T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iaşi, No. 16, Universității Street, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Raluca Minea
- Department of Art History, Artistic Anatomy, Faculty of Visual Arts and Design, "George Enescu" National University of the Arts Iaşi, No. 189, Sărărie Street, 700451 Iaşi, Romania
| | - Iarina Teodora Dumitraș
- Department of Oral and Dental Diagnostics, "Gr. T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iaşi, No. 16, Universității Street, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Cosmin Andrei Precup
- Department of Balneology, Medical Recovery and Rheumatology, "V.Babeş"University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timişoara, No. 2,Piața EftimieMurgu Street, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Liliana Baroiu
- Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy," Dunărea de Jos" University of Galați, No.47, Domneasca Street, 800008 Galaţi, Romania
- Infectious Diseases Department, "Sf. Cuv. Parascheva" Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases Galaţi, No. 393, Traian Street, 800179 Galaţi, Romania
| | - Alexandru Nechifor
- Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy," Dunărea de Jos" University of Galați, No.47, Domneasca Street, 800008 Galaţi, Romania
- Multidisciplinary Integrated Center of Dermatological Interface Research Center (MICDIR), "Dunărea de Jos" University of Galați, No. 47, Domneasca Street, 800008 Galaţi, Romania
| | - Adina Oana Armencia
- Department of Oral and Dental Diagnostics, "Gr. T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iaşi, No. 16, Universității Street, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Ana Cristina Lese
- Department of Design, Faculty of Visual Arts and Design, "George Enescu" National University of the Arts Iaşi, No. 189, Sărărie Street, 700451 Iaşi, Romania
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Tooth Position in Wind Instrument Players: Dentofacial Cephalometric Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18084306. [PMID: 33921609 PMCID: PMC8073265 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Specific dentofacial characteristics in wind instrumentalists should be taken in consideration when analyzing physiological and anatomical issues regarding the musician’s embouchure, posture, and biomechanics during musical performance. Objectives: To compare tooth cephalometric characteristics between wind instrument players and string players (overjet, overbite, lower facial height, facial convexity, lower incisor inclination, and interincisal angle). Methods: In total, 48 wind instrumentalists (67%) and 24 string instrumentalists (33%). These musicians performed lateral tele-radiography and the correspondent linear and angular measurements of the dentofacial cephalometric analysis. Statistical comparison of wind and string instrumentalists was made by using an independent t-test. Results: Small variations on the analyzed parameters were found between the wind and string instrument groups. Based on the cephalometric analysis the variable interincisal angle was statistically significant (p < 0.05), when comparing the wind and string instrument group. Conclusions: Knowledge of the overjet and overbite value permits a substantial analysis on the tooth position of wind instrument players, where both of these parameters are increased and greater than the norm value. The cephalometry was an added value on the interpretation of possible factors that lead to the position of the central incisors of wind instruments. Till some extent in this group of musicians the applied forces during the embouchure mechanism on the anterior teeth and the existing perioral forces promote an equilibrium on the vector of forces. This study findings demonstrate that when evaluating the two samples, wind and string instruments there are different dentofacial configurations, however the only statistically significant differences that were found are related to the interincisal angle (p < 0.05).
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van der Weijden FN, Kuitert RB, Lobbezoo F, Valkenburg C, van der Weijden GA, Slot DE. Does playing a wind instrument influence tooth position and facial morphology? : Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orofac Orthop 2020; 81:267-285. [PMID: 32556368 PMCID: PMC7316676 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-020-00223-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To systematically search the scientific literature concerning the influence of playing a wind instrument on tooth position and/or facial morphology. METHODS The PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were searched up to September 2019. Orthodontic journals were hand searched and grey literature was sought via Google Scholar. Observational studies and (randomized) controlled clinical trials that assessed tooth position and/or facial morphology by profile cephalograms, dental casts or clinical examination were included. The potential risk of bias was assessed. Data from wind instrument players and controls were extracted. Descriptive analysis and meta-analysis were performed. RESULTS In total, 10 eligible studies with a cross-sectional (n = 7) or longitudinal design (n = 3) and an estimated low to serious risk of bias were included. Sample sizes ranged from 36 to 170 participants, varying from children to professional musicians. Descriptive analysis indicated that adults playing a single-reed instrument may have a larger overjet than controls. Playing a brass instrument might be associated with an increase in maxillary and mandibular intermolar width among children. Longitudinal data showed less increase in anterior facial height among brass and single-reed players between the age of 6 and 15. Children playing a wind instrument showed thicker lips than controls. Meta-analysis revealed that after a follow-up of 6 months to 3 years, children playing brass instruments had a significant reduction in overjet as compared to controls. The magnitude of the effect was of questionable clinical relevance and the generalizability was limited. CONCLUSIONS Playing a wind instrument can influence tooth position and facial morphology in both children and adults. Aspects that stand out are overjet, arch width, facial divergence/convergence and lip thickness. However, evidence was sparse and the strength of the premise emerging from this review was graded to be "very low".
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Affiliation(s)
- F N van der Weijden
- Department of Orthodontics, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081, LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - R B Kuitert
- Department of Orthodontics, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081, LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F Lobbezoo
- Department of Oral Kinesiology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Valkenburg
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G A van der Weijden
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D E Slot
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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