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Aslan E, Boyacı MG, Güzel H, Pektaş MB. Better neuroprotective profile of caffeic acid phenyl ester over resveratrol in non-traumatic ischemia-reperfusion injury of the spinal cord. Br J Neurosurg 2024; 38:889-895. [PMID: 34879774 DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2021.1999391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord ischemia has serious sequelae. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of resveratrol and caffeic acid phenyl ester (CAPE), a propolis derivative, on spinal cord injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion (IR). METHODS In our research, 30 male Wistar albino rats, 200-250 gr, were used. Before the experiment, during a week of the process, the rats were fed with these two agents, and the experimental group rats were exposed to spinal cord IR injury. At the end of the experiment, spinal cord samples were taken from the sacrificed rats. Bax, p53, nNOS, and Beclin-1 immunoreactivity moreover TUNEL (+) cells were evaluated with immunohistochemically in the IR-induced damaged rats. RESULTS It has been clearly determined that the TUNEL (+) apoptotic cell number and immunopositive cells of nNOS, Beclin-1, p53, Bax were raised in the IR group. However, these increments partially were restored in the resveratrol and CAPE-fed rats with IR-induced injury. CONCLUSION In light of our data, resveratrol, and CAPE could be beneficial in spinal cord IR injury. Although both agents provide beneficial effects, it can be said that CAPE is partially more effective in spinal cord injury caused by IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Aslan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Gazi Boyacı
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Hilal Güzel
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Bilgehan Pektaş
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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2
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Bai H, Jiang S, Liu J, Tian Y, Zheng X, Wang S, Xie Y, Li Y, Jia P. Planting conditions can enhance the bioactivity of mulberry by affecting its composition. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1133062. [PMID: 36959930 PMCID: PMC10028076 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1133062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mulberry (Morus alba L.) has a special significance in the history of agriculture and economic plant cultivation. Mulberry has strong environmental adaptability, a wide planting range, and abundant output. It is not only an important resource for silkworm breeding but also a raw ingredient for various foods and has great potential for the development of biological resources. The bioactivities of mulberry in different planting areas are not the same, which is an obstacle to the development of mulberry. This study collected information on the planting conditions of mulberry branches in 12 planting areas, such as altitude, temperature difference, and precipitation. A comparison of the levels of 12 constituents of mulberry branches from mulberry grown in different planting areas was then made. An in vitro model was used to study the bioactivities of mulberry branches in the 12 planting areas, and mathematical analysis was used to explain the possible reasons for the differences in the composition and bioactivities of mulberry branches in different planting areas. After studying mulberry samples from 12 planting areas in China, it was found that a small temperature difference could affect the antiapoptotic effect of mulberry branch on microvascular endothelial cells by changing the levels and proportions of rutin, hyperoside, and morusin. Adequate irrigation can promote the antioxidation of the mulberry branch on microvascular endothelial cells by changing the levels and proportions of scopoletin and quercitrin. The results of the analysis of planting conditions and the levels of active constituents and their correlation with bioactivities support the improvement of mulberry planting conditions and have great significance in the rational development of mulberry resources. This is the first time that a mathematical analysis method was used to analyze the effects of planting conditions on mulberry biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Bai
- Department of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shanfeng Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jincai Liu
- Department of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ye Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- Department of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Siwang Wang
- Department of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanhua Xie
- Department of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Pu Jia
- Department of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
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3
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Wani MY, Ganie NA, Wani DM, Wani AW, Dar SQ, Khan AH, A Khan N, Manzar MS, Dehghani MH. The phenolic components extracted from mulberry fruits as bioactive compounds against cancer: A review. Phytother Res 2023; 37:1136-1152. [PMID: 36592613 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In Asia, mulberry has long been used to treat various infectious and internal ailments as a traditional medication. The compounds found in it have the potential to improve human health. Because there is no approved and defined evaluation procedure, it has not been formally or scientifically recognized. As a result of these investigations, a new frontier in traditional Chinese medicine has opened up, with the possibility of modernization, for the interaction between active components of mulberry and their biological activities. These studies have used current biotechnological technologies. For ages, mulberry has been used as an herbal remedy in Asia to cure various diseases and internal disorders. It has a high concentration of bioactive chemicals that benefit human health. The most abundant phenolic components extracted from white mulberry leaves are flavonoids (Kuwanons, Moracinflavans, Moragrols, and Morkotins), phenolic acids, alkaloids, and so forth. Flavonoids, benzofurans, chalcones, and alkaloids have been discovered to have cytotoxic effects on human cancer cell lines. There is growing evidence that mulberry fruits can potentially prevent cancer and other aging-related disorders due to their high concentration of bioactive polyphenolic-rich compounds and macro and micronutrients. Anthocyanins are rapidly absorbed after eating, arriving in the plasmalemma within 15-50 min and entirely removed after 6-8 hr. Due to a lack of an approved and consistent technique for its examination, it has yet to be formally or scientifically recognized. The mulberry plant is commercially grown for silkworm rearing, and less attention is paid to its bioactive molecules, which have a lot of applications in human health. This review paper discusses the phenolic compounds of white mulberry and black mulberry in detail concerning their role in cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Younus Wani
- College of Temperate Sericulture, Mirgund, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, India
| | - N A Ganie
- College of Temperate Sericulture, Mirgund, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, India
| | - D M Wani
- Division of Entomology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, India
| | - Ab Waheed Wani
- Division of Fruit Science, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, India
| | - S Q Dar
- Division of Fruit Science, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, India
| | - Afzal Husain Khan
- Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem A Khan
- Civil Engineering Department, Mewat Engineering College, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Saood Manzar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Hadi Dehghani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Institute for Environmental Research, Center for Solid Waste Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Bai H, Jiang W, Yan R, Wang F, Jiao L, Duan L, Jia P, Xie Y, Wang S. Comparing the effects of three processing methods on the efficacy of mulberry leaf tea: analysis of bioactive compounds, bioavailability and bioactivity. Food Chem 2022; 405:134900. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Jan B, Zahiruddin S, Basist P, Irfan M, Abass S, Ahmad S. Metabolomic Profiling and Identification of Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Compounds from Leaves of Different Varieties of Morus alba Linn Grown in Kashmir. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:24317-24328. [PMID: 35874221 PMCID: PMC9301699 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mulberry (Morus alba L.) is commonly cultivated in Asian countries as a traditional medicine and food supplement. Four Kashmiri Morus alba varieties (Zagtul, Chtattatual, Chattatual Zaingir, and Brentul Kashmir) were evaluated for their proximate composition, mineral content, total phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant potential, and antihyperglycemic activity. Furthermore, TLC-MS-bioautography was used for the identification of antioxidant and antidiabetic compounds in the best active extract. Lastly, UPLC-MS was employed for metabolomic profiling of the best variety of M. alba. Among all the varieties, the Zagtul variety was found to have the highest phenolic (71.10 ± 0.44 mg GAE/g DW) and flavonoid (53.22 ± 0.69 mg rutin/g DW) content. The highest antioxidant potential (DPPH) with an IC50 value of 107.88 ± 3.8 μg/mL was recorded for the Zagtul variety. Similarly, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition for antidiabetic potential with IC50 74.76 ± 6.76 and 109.19 ± 5.78 μg/mL, respectively, was recorded in Zagtul variety. TLC-MS-bioautography for identification of bioactive compounds revealed the presence of chlorogenic acid for antioxidant potential and 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) and syringic acid for antidiabetic potential. Further, bioactive compounds responsible for diverse functions of M. alba were confirmed by UPLC-MS in both negative and positive modes. However, major compounds in the Zagtul variety were identified as chlorogenic acid, moracin N, gallic acid, ferulic acid, morin, 1-deoxynojirimycin, and syringic acid. Hence, based on our findings, it can be concluded that M. alba leaves can be consumed as a promising dietary supplement and can be formulated as phytopharmaceutical for the management of various metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bisma Jan
- Department
of Food Technology School of Interdisciplinary Science & Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
- Bioactive
Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry,
School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Sultan Zahiruddin
- Bioactive
Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry,
School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Parakh Basist
- Bioactive
Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry,
School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Irfan
- Department
of Biotechnology, Jamia Milia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Sageer Abass
- Department
of Biotechnology, Jamia Milia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Department
of Food Technology School of Interdisciplinary Science & Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
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Yang TD, Chen YL, Zeng FK, Ye MQ, Wang L, Luo Z, Qi YW, Chen FP. Effects of modified atmosphere packaging on the postharvest quality of mulberry leaf vegetable. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10893. [PMID: 35764785 PMCID: PMC9239990 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15257-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fresh mulberry leaf vegetable is nutritive and becoming popular. However, available preservation technologies are deficient. In present work, the effects of two kinds of modified atmosphere packaging on postharvest quality of fresh mulberry leaf vegetable stored at 4 °C were evaluated. The respiration rate of samples in the modified polyethylene packages (MP20) was 12.88-22.65% lower than that in normal polyethylene packaging (CK). The content of total soluble solids, soluble protein, and total polyphenol in MP20 was less changed than that in CK, and the vitamin C retention was higher as well. Moreover, the lignin content in MP20 was lower than that in CK during storage (19.79% vs 13.38% at day 8), and that was significantly positively related to the polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activities inhibition. Taken together, a packaging with moderate gas permeability (MP20) is suitable for nutrition maintenance and lignification inhibition of fresh mulberry leaf vegetable during cold storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-da Yang
- Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, 510610, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science of Southwestern University, Chongqing, 4007151, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Long Chen
- Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, 510610, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan-Kun Zeng
- College of Food Science of Southwestern University, Chongqing, 4007151, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Qiang Ye
- Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, 510610, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Wang
- Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, 510610, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Luo
- Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, 510610, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Wei Qi
- Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, 510610, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei-Ping Chen
- Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, 510610, People's Republic of China.
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Przeor M. Some Common Medicinal Plants with Antidiabetic Activity, Known and Available in Europe (A Mini-Review). Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15010065. [PMID: 35056122 PMCID: PMC8778315 DOI: 10.3390/ph15010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disease that affected 9.3% of adults worldwide in 2019. Its co-occurrence is suspected to increase mortality from COVID-19. The treatment of diabetes is mainly based on the long-term use of pharmacological agents, often expensive and causing unpleasant side effects. There is an alarming increase in the number of pharmaceuticals taken in Europe. The aim of this paper is to concisely collect information concerning the few antidiabetic or hypoglycaemic raw plant materials that are present in the consciousness of Europeans and relatively easily accessible to them on the market and sometimes even grown on European plantations. The following raw materials are discussed in this mini-review: Morus alba L., Cinnamomum zeylanicum J.Presl, Trigonella foenum-graecum L., Phaseolus vulgaris L., Zingiber officinale Rosc., and Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer in terms of scientifically tested antidiabetic activity and the presence of characteristic biologically active compounds and their specific properties, including antioxidant properties. The characteristics of these raw materials are based on in vitro as well as in vivo studies: on animals and in clinical studies. In addition, for each plant, the possibility to use certain morphological elements in the light of EFSA legislation is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Przeor
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
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Amraie E, Pouraboli I, Rajaei Z. Neuroprotective effects of Levisticum officinale on LPS-induced spatial learning and memory impairments through neurotrophic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Food Funct 2021; 11:6608-6621. [PMID: 32648872 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01030h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Levisticum officinale (Apiaceae) has been identified as a medicinal plant in traditional medicine, with the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticholinesterase activities. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of Levisticum officinale extract (LOE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced learning and memory deficits and to examine its potential mechanisms. LOE was administered to adult male Wistar rats at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg kg-1 for a week. Later, LPS was intraperitoneally injected at a dose of 1 mg kg-1 to induce neuroinflammation, and treatment with LOE continued for 3 more weeks. Behavioral, biochemical, and molecular analyses were performed at the end of the experiment. Moreover, quantitative immunohistochemical assessments of the expression of Ki-67 (intracellular proliferation marker) in the hippocampus were performed. The results revealed that LPS injection caused spatial memory impairment in the rats. Daily LOE treatment at applied doses for 4 weeks attenuated spatial learning and memory deficits in LPS-injected rats. Furthermore, LPS significantly increased the mRNA expression level of interleukin-6 in the hippocampus, which was accompanied by decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA expression levels. Moreover, LPS increased the levels of malondialdehyde, reduced the antioxidant enzyme activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase in the hippocampus, and impaired neurogenesis. However, pre-treatment with LOE at a dose of 100 mg kg-1 significantly reversed the LPS-induced changes, and improved neurogenesis. In conclusion, the beneficial effect of LOE on the improvement of learning and memory could be attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, along with its ability to increase BDNF expression and neurogenesis in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeil Amraie
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iran Pouraboli
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ziba Rajaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Herawati ERN, Santosa U, Sentana S, Ariani D. Protective Effects of Anthocyanin Extract from Purple Sweet Potato ( Ipomoea batatas L.) on Blood MDA Levels, Liver and Renal Activity, and Blood Pressure of Hyperglycemic Rats. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2020; 25:375-379. [PMID: 33505931 PMCID: PMC7813593 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2020.25.4.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been a dynamic progression in the study of purple sweet potatoes, particularly in regard to their antioxidant compounds, such as anthocyanins. Antioxidants can reduce oxidative stress due to hyperglycemia, therefore research into the protective effects of hyperglycemia is essential. This study was conducted to investigate the protective effects of anthocyanin extracts from purple sweet potatoes on blood malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, liver and renal activity, and blood pressure in hyperglycemic rats. Anthocyanin from purple sweet potato (APSP) was extracted with ethanol-citric acid 3% solvent. Twenty-four rats were split into four experimental groups: (i) healthy rats; (ii) hyperglycemic rats without anthocyanin treatment; (iii) hyperglycemic rats treated with APSP extract at a dose of 50 mg/kg; and (iv) hyperglycemic rats treated with APSP extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg. Rats received treatment for 35 days. The results showed that consumption of APSP significantly reduced levels of MDA in the blood, and liver and renal systems. APSP could reduce the urea and creatinine levels, which are indicative of improved renal function. In addition, APSP could decrease serum glutamate oxalacetate transaminase and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase levels, indicative of protective activity of the extract on liver, and decrease systolic blood pressure. Accordingly, it was concluded that APSP could be developed as a functional food for treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Umar Santosa
- Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Suharwadji Sentana
- Research Division for Natural Product Technology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Yogyakarta 55861, Indonesia
| | - Dini Ariani
- Research Division for Natural Product Technology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Yogyakarta 55861, Indonesia
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Elizabeth A, Adegbuyi A, Olusegun A, Benneth BA, Anthony E, Abayomi A, Solomon U. Morin hydrate attenuates chronic stress-induced memory impairment and degeneration of hippocampal subfields in mice: The role of oxidative, nitrergic and neuroinflammatory pathways. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:1145-1156. [PMID: 32653975 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00595-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Morin hydrate (MH) is the major flavonoid constituent of Morus alba acclaimed to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-stress and neuroprotective properties. However, report on the effect of MH on memory performance and the underlying mechanism following chronic stress exposure is lacking. The current study aimed at investigating the neuroprotective effect of MH on chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-induced memory impairment in mice using the Y maze test. Mice were subjected to unpredicted stress for 14 days, during which MH (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg i.p) or 25 mg/kg Ginseng was administered to them. On the 14th day, 1 h after treatment, learning and memory deficit was evaluated using the Y maze test and thereafter brains were harvested for the estimation of glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation product; malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite. Levels of inflammatory mediators tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin1-beta (IL-1β), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-кB) expressions were also determined. The hippocampus was stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) to examine any morphological changes in the neurons. Mice exposed to CUS showed evidence of impaired memory and increase levels of MDA, nitrite, TNF-α and IL-1β. Furthermore, CUS reduced GSH level, increased the expressions of iNOS and NFкB immune-positive cells and produced loss of neuronal cells in the hippocampus. The MH treatment however improved memory, reduced MDA and nitrite levels, and enhanced brain GSH levels in CUS-mice. Besides, MH reduced brain levels of TNF-α and IL-1β levels, down regulated the expressions of iNOS and NF-кB and rescue neurons in the hippocampal CA3 region of mice exposed to CUS. The results of the study indicate that MH improved CUS-induced memory impairment, which may be related to its ability to boost antioxidant defense system and suppress neuroinflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinluyi Elizabeth
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado- Ekiti, Nigeria.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Aderibigbe Adegbuyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adeoluwa Olusegun
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado- Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Ben-Azu Benneth
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Eduviere Anthony
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Ajayi Abayomi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Umukoro Solomon
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Nagane M, Yamashita T, Vörös P, Kálai T, Hideg K, Bognár B. Synthesis and evaluation of paramagnetic caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) analogs. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-019-02458-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Jung SH, Han JH, Park HS, Lee DH, Kim SJ, Cho HS, Kang JS, Myung CS. Effects of unaltered and bioconverted mulberry leaf extracts on cellular glucose uptake and antidiabetic action in animals. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:55. [PMID: 30841887 PMCID: PMC6404318 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2460-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Mulberry is a Korean medicinal herb that shows effective prevention and treatment of obesity and diabetes. Bioconversion is the process of producing active ingredients from natural products using microorganisms or enzymes. Methods In this study, we prepared bioconverted mulberry leaf extract (BMLE) with Viscozyme L, which we tested in insulin-sensitive cells (i.e., skeletal muscle cells and adipocytes) and insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells, as well as obese diabetic mice induced by co-administration of streptozotocin (100 mg/kg, IP) and nicotinamide (240 mg/kg, IP) and feeding high-fat diet, as compared to unaltered mulberry leaf extract (MLE). Results BMLE increased the glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes and 3 T3-L1 adipocytes and increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in HIT-T15 pancreatic β-cells. The fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic mice treated with BMLE or MLE (300 and 600 mg/kg, PO, 7 weeks) were significantly lower than those of the vehicle-treated group. At the same concentration, BMLE-treated mice showed better glucose tolerance than MLE-treated mice. Moreover, the blood concentration of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) in mice treated with BMLE was lower than that in the MLE group at the same concentration. Plasma insulin levels in mice treated with BMLE or MLE tended to increase compared to the vehicle-treated group. Treatment with BMLE yielded significant improvements in insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity. Conclusion These results indicate that in the management of diabetic condition, BMLE is superior to unaltered MLE due to at least, in part, high concentrations of maker compounds (trans-caffeic acid and syringaldehyde) in BMLE. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-019-2460-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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