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Jha P, Joshi A, Mishra R, Biswal RP, Kulkarni PM, Limaye S, Babu G, Batra U, Malik P, Kumar R, Shah M, Menon N, Rauthan A, Kuriakose M, Ramachandran V, Noronha V, Kumar P, Prabhash K. Landscape of Clinically Relevant Genomic Alterations in the Indian Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Clin Lung Cancer 2024:S1525-7304(24)00149-9. [PMID: 39129089 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2024.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genomic landscape of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the Indian patients remains underexplored. We revealed distinctive genomic alterations of Indian NSCLC patients, thereby providing vital molecular insights for implementation of precision therapies. METHODS We analyzed the genomic profiles of 325 lung adenocarcinoma and 81 lung squamous carcinoma samples from Indian patients using targeted sequencing of 50 cancer related genes. Correlations between genomic alterations and clinical characteristics were computed using statistical analyses. Additionally, we identified distinct features of Indian NSCLC genomes by comparison across different ethnicities. RESULTS Our genomic analysis revealed several noticeable features of Indian NSCLC patients. Alterations in EGFR (45.8%), TP53 (27.4%), ALK (11.4%) and KRAS (10.2%) were predominant in adenocarcinoma, with 68% eligible for targeted therapies. Squamous carcinoma exhibited prevalent alterations in TP53 (40.7%), PIK3CA (17.3%), and CDKN2A (8.6%). We observed higher frequency of EGFR alterations (18.5%) in lung squamous carcinoma patients, significantly distinct from other ethnicities reported till date. Beyond established correlations, we observed 60% of PD-L1 negative squamous patients harbored TP53 alterations, suggesting intriguing therapeutic implications. CONCLUSIONS Our data revealed unique genomic variations of adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma patients, with significant indications for precision medicine and clinical practice of lung cancers. The study emphasizes the importance of clinical utility of NGS for routine diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerana Jha
- Department of Research, Karkinos Foundation, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; Division of Cancer Biology, Karkinos Healthcare Pvt Ltd, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Asim Joshi
- Department of Research, Karkinos Foundation, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; Division of Cancer Biology, Karkinos Healthcare Pvt Ltd, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rohit Mishra
- Department of Research, Karkinos Foundation, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; Division of Cancer Biology, Karkinos Healthcare Pvt Ltd, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ranendra Pratap Biswal
- Division of Cancer Biology, Karkinos Healthcare Pvt Ltd, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pooja Mahesh Kulkarni
- Division of Cancer Biology, Karkinos Healthcare Pvt Ltd, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sewanti Limaye
- Department of Medical and Precision Oncology, Sir HN Reliance Foundation Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Govind Babu
- Department of Medical Oncology, HCG Cancer Hospital, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ullas Batra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Pathology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi, India
| | - Prabhat Malik
- Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Minit Shah
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nandini Menon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amit Rauthan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Manipal Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Moni Kuriakose
- Department of Research, Karkinos Foundation, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; Division of Cancer Biology, Karkinos Healthcare Pvt Ltd, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Venkataramanan Ramachandran
- Department of Research, Karkinos Foundation, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; Division of Cancer Biology, Karkinos Healthcare Pvt Ltd, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vanita Noronha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Department of Research, Karkinos Foundation, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; Division of Cancer Biology, Karkinos Healthcare Pvt Ltd, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; Centre of Excellence for Cancer - Gangwal School of Medical Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh India.
| | - Kumar Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
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Next Generation Sequencing Technology in Lung Cancer Diagnosis. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10090864. [PMID: 34571741 PMCID: PMC8467994 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Lung cancer is still one of the most commonly diagnosed and deadliest cancers in the world. Its diagnosis at an early stage is highly necessary and will improve the standard of care of this disease. The aim of this article is to review the importance and applications of next generation sequencing in lung cancer diagnosis. As observed in many studies, next generation sequencing has been proven as a very helpful tool in the early detection of different types of cancers, including lung cancer, and has been used in the clinic, mainly due to its many advantages, such as low cost, speed, efficacy, low quantity usage of biological samples, and diversity. Abstract Lung cancer is still one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers, and one of the deadliest. The high death rate is mainly due to the late stage of diagnosis and low response rate to therapy. Previous and ongoing research studies have tried to discover new reliable and useful cbiomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer. Next generation sequencing has become an essential tool in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and evaluation of the treatment response. This article aims to review the leading research and clinical applications in lung cancer diagnosis using next generation sequencing. In this scope, we identified the most relevant articles that present the successful use of next generation sequencing in identifying biomarkers for early diagnosis correlated to lung cancer diagnosis and treatment. This technique can be used to evaluate a high number of biomarkers in a short period of time and from small biological samples, which makes NGS the preferred technique to develop clinical tests for personalized medicine using liquid biopsy, the new trend in oncology.
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