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Li W, Ma S, Zhou L, Konge L, Pan J, Hui J. The bibliometric analysis of extended reality in surgical training: Global and Chinese perspective. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27340. [PMID: 38495188 PMCID: PMC10943385 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The prospect of extended reality (XR) being integrated with surgical training curriculum has attracted scholars. However, there is a lack of bibliometric analysis to help them better understand this field. Our aim is to analyze relevant literature focusing on development trajectory and research directions since the 21st century to provide valuable insights. Methods Papers were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. Microsoft Excel, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace were used for bibliometric analysis. Results Of the 3337 papers published worldwide, China contributed 204, ranking fifth. The world's enthusiasm for this field has been growing since 2000, whereas China has been gradually entering since 2001. Although China had a late start, its growth has accelerated since around 2016 due to the reform of the medical postgraduate education system and the rapid development of Chinese information technology, despite no research explosive period has been yet noted. International institutions, notably the University of Toronto, worked closely with others, while Chinese institutions lacked of international and domestic cooperation. Sixteen stable cooperation clusters of international scholars were formed, while the collaboration between Chinese scholars was not yet stable. XR has been primarily applied in orthopedic surgery, cataract surgery, laparoscopic training and intraoperative use in neurosurgery worldwide. Conclusions There is strong enthusiasm and cooperation in the international research on the XR-based surgical training. Chinese scholars are making steady progress and have great potential in this area. There has not been noted an explosive research phase yet in the Chinese pace. The research on several surgical specialties has been summarized at the very first time. AR will gradually to be more involved and take important role of the research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Medical Simulation Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Ma
- Medical Simulation Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Postgraduate Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lars Konge
- Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES) Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Junjun Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- PENG CHENG Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jialiang Hui
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, China
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Miutescu B, Dhir V. Impact and assessment of training models in interventional endoscopic ultrasound. Dig Endosc 2024; 36:59-73. [PMID: 37634116 DOI: 10.1111/den.14667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Interventional endoscopic ultrasound (IEUS) has gained significant popularity in recent years because of its diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities. The proper training of endoscopists is critical to ensure safe and effective procedures. This review study aims to assess the impact of different training models on the competence of trainees performing IEUS. Eight studies that evaluated simulators for IEUS were identified in the medical literature. Various training models have been used, including the EASIE-R, Mumbai EUS, EUS Magic Box, EndoSim, Thai Association for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy model, and an ex vivo porcine model (HiFi SAM). The trainees underwent traditional didactic lectures, hands-on training using simulators, and direct supervision by experienced endoscopists. The effectiveness of these models has been evaluated based on objective and subjective parameters such as technical proficiency, operative time, diagnostic success, and participant feedback. As expected, the majority of skills were improved after the training sessions concluded, although the risk of bias is high in the absence of external validation. It is difficult to determine the ideal simulator among the existing ones because of the wide variation between them in terms of costs, reusability, design, fidelity of anatomical structures and feedback, and types of procedures performed. There is a need for a standardized approach for the evaluation of IEUS simulators and the ways skills are acquired by trainees, as well as a clearer definition of the key personal attributes necessary for developing a physician into a skilled endoscopist capable of performing basic and advanced therapeutic EUS interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Miutescu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Vinay Dhir
- Institute of Digestive and Liver Care, SL Raheja Hospital, Mumbai, India
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Kim Y, Lee JH, Lee GH, Kim GH, Huh G, Hong SW, Jung HY. Simulator-based training method in gastrointestinal endoscopy training and currently available simulators. Clin Endosc 2023; 56:1-13. [PMID: 36604834 PMCID: PMC9902695 DOI: 10.5946/ce.2022.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The apprenticeship-based training method (ABTM) is highly effective for gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopic training. However, the conventional ABTM has significant issues. Although many supplementary training methods (TMs) have been developed and utilized, they cannot entirely replace the ABTM, which remains the major TM strategy. Currently, new TM construction is crucial and necessary due to financial constraints, difficulty of obtaining sufficient training time due to patient safety-related regulations, and catastrophic damage caused by disasters such as the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. The simulator-based TM (SBTM) is widely accepted as an alternative to the ABTM, owing to the SBTM's advantages. Since the 1960s, many GI endoscopy training simulators have been developed and numerous studies have been published on their effectiveness. While previous studies have focused on the simulator's validity, this review focused on the accessibility of simulators that were introduced by the end of 2021. Although the current SBTM is effective in GI endoscopic education, extensive improvements are needed to replace the ABTM. Incorporating simulator-incorporated TMs into an improved ABTM is an attempt to overcome the incompleteness of the current SBTM. Until a new simulator is developed to replace the ABTM, it is desirable to operate a simulator-integrated and well-coordinated TM that is suitable for each country and institution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gin Hyug Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea,Correspondence: Gin Hyug Lee Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea E-mail:
| | - Ga Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gunn Huh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Wook Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwoon-Yong Jung
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Finocchiaro M, Cortegoso Valdivia P, Hernansanz A, Marino N, Amram D, Casals A, Menciassi A, Marlicz W, Ciuti G, Koulaouzidis A. Training Simulators for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: Current and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061427. [PMID: 33804773 PMCID: PMC8004017 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Over the last decades, visual endoscopy has become a gold standard for the detection and treatment of gastrointestinal cancers. However, mastering endoscopic procedures is complex and requires long hours of practice. In this context, simulation-based training represents a valuable opportunity for acquiring technical and cognitive skills, suiting the different trainees’ learning pace and limiting the risks for the patients. In this regard, the present contribution aims to present a critical and comprehensive review of the current technology for gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy training, including both commercial products and platforms at a research stage. Not limited to it, the recent revolution played by the technological advancements in the fields of robotics, artificial intelligence, virtual/augmented reality, and computational tools on simulation-based learning is documented and discussed. Finally, considerations on the future trend of this application field are drawn, highlighting the impact of the most recent pandemic and the current demographic trends. Abstract Gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy is the gold standard in the detection and treatment of early and advanced GI cancers. However, conventional endoscopic techniques are technically demanding and require visual-spatial skills and significant hands-on experience. GI endoscopy simulators represent a valid solution to allow doctors to practice in a pre-clinical scenario. From the first endoscopy mannequin, developed in 1969, several simulation platforms have been developed, ranging from purely mechanical systems to more complex mechatronic devices and animal-based models. Considering the recent advancement of technologies (e.g., artificial intelligence, augmented reality, robotics), simulation platforms can now reach high levels of realism, representing a valid and smart alternative to standard trainee/mentor learning programs. This is particularly true nowadays, when the current demographic trend and the most recent pandemic demand, more than ever, the ability to cope with many patients. This review offers a broad view of the technology available for GI endoscopy training, including platforms currently in the market and the relevant advancements in this research and application field. Additionally, new training needs and new emerging technologies are discussed to understand where medical education is heading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Finocchiaro
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (G.C.)
- Center of Research in Biomedical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (A.H.); (A.C.)
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Pablo Cortegoso Valdivia
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, University Hospital of Parma, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy;
| | - Albert Hernansanz
- Center of Research in Biomedical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (A.H.); (A.C.)
| | - Nicola Marino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Denise Amram
- LIDER-Lab, DIRPOLIS Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Alicia Casals
- Center of Research in Biomedical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; (A.H.); (A.C.)
| | - Arianna Menciassi
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (G.C.)
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Wojciech Marlicz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
- The Centre for Digestive Diseases Endoklinika, 70-535 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Gastone Ciuti
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56025 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (G.C.)
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Anastasios Koulaouzidis
- Department of Social Medicine & Public Health, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
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Lababidi H. Training to competency: Are we ready for a radical reform? Saudi J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:290536. [PMID: 32719242 PMCID: PMC7580729 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_331_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hani Lababidi
- Critical Care Administration & CRESENT, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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