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Pascual-Oliver A, Casas-Deza D, Yagüe-Caballero C, Arbones-Mainar JM, Bernal-Monterde V. Lipid Profile and Cardiovascular Risk Modification after Hepatitis C Virus Eradication. Pathogens 2024; 13:278. [PMID: 38668233 PMCID: PMC11054742 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13040278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The eradication of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) has revolutionized the hepatology paradigm, halting the progression of advanced liver disease in patients with chronic infection and reducing the risk of hepatocarcinoma. In addition, treatment with direct-acting antivirals can reverse the lipid and carbohydrate abnormalities described in HCV patients. Although HCV eradication may reduce the overall risk of vascular events, it is uncertain whether altered lipid profiles increase the risk of cerebrovascular disease in certain patients. We have conducted a review on HCV and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, as well as new scientific advances, following the advent of direct-acting antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pascual-Oliver
- Gastroenterology Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.P.-O.); (C.Y.-C.); (V.B.-M.)
| | - Diego Casas-Deza
- Gastroenterology Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.P.-O.); (C.Y.-C.); (V.B.-M.)
- Adipocyte and Fat Biology Laboratory (AdipoFat), Translational Research Unit, University Hospital Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Instituto Aragones de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Carmen Yagüe-Caballero
- Gastroenterology Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.P.-O.); (C.Y.-C.); (V.B.-M.)
- Adipocyte and Fat Biology Laboratory (AdipoFat), Translational Research Unit, University Hospital Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jose M. Arbones-Mainar
- Adipocyte and Fat Biology Laboratory (AdipoFat), Translational Research Unit, University Hospital Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Instituto Aragones de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Bernal-Monterde
- Gastroenterology Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.P.-O.); (C.Y.-C.); (V.B.-M.)
- Adipocyte and Fat Biology Laboratory (AdipoFat), Translational Research Unit, University Hospital Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Instituto Aragones de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Huntley M, McCall K, Stickney K, Gelinas A, Levesque E. Avoidance of drug interactions with hepatitis C treatment: evaluation of pharmacist interventions in the specialty setting. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2022; 62:1671-1674. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japh.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Stanciu C, Muzica CM, Girleanu I, Cojocariu C, Sfarti C, Singeap AM, Huiban L, Chiriac S, Cuciureanu T, Trifan A. An update on direct antiviral agents for the treatment of hepatitis C. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2021; 22:1729-1741. [PMID: 33896315 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2021.1921737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The development of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has completely transformed the management of this disease. The advantages of using DAA therapies include high efficacy (sustained virological response (SVR) rate >95%) with minimal side effects, good tolerability, easy drug administration (once daily oral dosing), and short duration of treatment (8-12 weeks). This transformative nature of DAA therapy underpins the goal of the World Health Organization to eliminate HCV infection as a public health threat by 2030.Areas covered: This review seeks to address the current status of DAA therapies, including recent developments, current limitations, and future challenges.Expert opinion: The current DAA regimens, with their high effectiveness and safety profiles, have changed patient perception of HCV infection from a disease that requires complex evaluation and long-term monitoring to a disease that can be cured after one visit to the general practitioner. Despite the remarkably high success rate of DAAs, few patients (4-5%) fail to obtain SVR even after treatment. Five years ahead, the landscape of HCV treatment will undoubtedly continue to evolve, and more pan-genotypic treatment options will be available to all patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Stanciu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, ST. SpiridonEmergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristina Maria Muzica
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, ST. SpiridonEmergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina Girleanu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, ST. SpiridonEmergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania
| | - Camelia Cojocariu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, ST. SpiridonEmergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania
| | - Catalin Sfarti
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, ST. SpiridonEmergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Singeap
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, ST. SpiridonEmergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Huiban
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, ST. SpiridonEmergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania
| | - Stefan Chiriac
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, ST. SpiridonEmergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania
| | - Tudor Cuciureanu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, ST. SpiridonEmergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania
| | - Anca Trifan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, ST. SpiridonEmergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania
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Grimm J, Peschel G, Müller M, Schacherer D, Wiest R, Weigand K, Buechler C. Rapid Decline of Serum Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin 9 (PCSK9) in Non-Cirrhotic Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Infection Receiving Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1621. [PMID: 33920491 PMCID: PMC8069657 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) efficiently eradicate the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels increase rapidly upon DAA treatment. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) induces degradation of the hepatic LDL receptor and thereby elevates serum LDL. The aim of this study was to determine serum PCSK9 concentrations during and after DAA therapy to identify associations with LDL levels. Serum PCSK9 was increased in 82 chronic HCV-infected patients compared to 55 patients not infected with HCV. Serum PCSK9 was low in HCV patients with liver cirrhosis, but patients with HCV-induced liver cirrhosis still exhibited higher serum PCSK9 than patients with non-viral liver cirrhosis. Serum PCSK9 correlated with measures of liver injury and inflammation in cirrhotic HCV patients. In patients without liver cirrhosis, a positive association of serum PCSK9 with viral load existed. Serum PCSK9 was not different between viral genotypes. Serum PCSK9 did not correlate with LDL levels in HCV patients irrespective of cirrhotic status. Serum PCSK9 was reduced, and LDL was increased at four weeks after DAA therapy start in non-cirrhotic HCV patients. Serum PCSK9 and LDL did not change upon DAA treatment in the cirrhotic group. The rapid decline of PCSK9 after the start of DAA therapy in conjunction with raised LDL levels in non-cirrhotic HCV patients shows that these changes are not functionally related.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Grimm
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.G.); (G.P.); (M.M.); (D.S.); (K.W.)
| | - Georg Peschel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.G.); (G.P.); (M.M.); (D.S.); (K.W.)
| | - Martina Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.G.); (G.P.); (M.M.); (D.S.); (K.W.)
| | - Doris Schacherer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.G.); (G.P.); (M.M.); (D.S.); (K.W.)
| | - Reiner Wiest
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University Inselspital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Kilian Weigand
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.G.); (G.P.); (M.M.); (D.S.); (K.W.)
| | - Christa Buechler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (J.G.); (G.P.); (M.M.); (D.S.); (K.W.)
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Identification and management of contraindicated drug–drug interactions through pharmaceutical care programs: Experience in direct-acting antivirals therapy. J Formos Med Assoc 2021; 121:58-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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