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Yin Y, Tan Y, Wei X, Li X, Chen H, Yang Z, Tang G, Yao X, Mi P, Zheng X. Recent advances of curcumin derivatives in breast cancer. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200485. [PMID: 36069208 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a potential plant-derived drug for the treatment of breast cancer. Poor solubility and bioavailability are the main factors that limit its clinical application. Various structural modification strategies have been developed to improve the anti-breast cancer activity of curcumin. This review focuses on the difference of modification sites and heterocyclic/non-heterocyclic modifications to systematically summarize curcumin derivatives with better anti-breast cancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yin
- University of South China, Department of pharmacy, University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, CHINA
| | - Yan Tan
- University of South China, Department of Pharmacy, University of South China, Hengyang, CHINA
| | - Xueni Wei
- University of South China, Department of Pharmacy, University of South China, Hengyang, CHINA
| | - Xiaoshun Li
- University of South China, Department of Pharmacy, University of South China, Hengyang, CHINA
| | - Hongfei Chen
- University of South China, Department of Pharmacy, University of South China, Hengyang, CHINA
| | - Zehua Yang
- University of South China, Department of Pharmacy, University of South China, Hengyang, CHINA
| | - Guotao Tang
- University of South China, Department of Pharmacy, University of South China, Hengyang, CHINA
| | - Xu Yao
- University of South China, Department of Pharmacy, University of South China, Hengyang, CHINA
| | - Pengbin Mi
- University of South China, Department of Pharmacy, , Hengyang, CHINA
| | - Xing Zheng
- University of South China, Hunan Provincial Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, Hunan421001, China, 421001, Hengyang, CHINA
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2
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Fuloria S, Mehta J, Chandel A, Sekar M, Rani NNIM, Begum MY, Subramaniyan V, Chidambaram K, Thangavelu L, Nordin R, Wu YS, Sathasivam KV, Lum PT, Meenakshi DU, Kumarasamy V, Azad AK, Fuloria NK. A Comprehensive Review on the Therapeutic Potential of Curcuma longa Linn. in Relation to its Major Active Constituent Curcumin. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:820806. [PMID: 35401176 PMCID: PMC8990857 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.820806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcuma longa Linn. (C. longa), popularly known as turmeric, belongs to the Zingiberaceae family and has a long historical background of having healing properties against many diseases. In Unani and Ayurveda medicine, C. longa has been used for liver obstruction and jaundice, and has been applied externally for ulcers and inflammation. Additionally, it is employed in several other ailments such as cough, cold, dental issues, indigestion, skin infections, blood purification, asthma, piles, bronchitis, tumor, wounds, and hepatic disorders, and is used as an antiseptic. Curcumin, a major constituent of C. longa, is well known for its therapeutic potential in numerous disorders. However, there is a lack of literature on the therapeutic potential of C. longa in contrast to curcumin. Hence, the present review aimed to provide in-depth information by highlighting knowledge gaps in traditional and scientific evidence about C. longa in relation to curcumin. The relationship to one another in terms of biological action includes their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anticancer, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, immunomodulatory, antifertility, antimicrobial, antiallergic, antidermatophytic, and antidepressant properties. Furthermore, in-depth discussion of C. longa on its taxonomic categorization, traditional uses, botanical description, phytochemical ingredients, pharmacology, toxicity, and safety aspects in relation to its major compound curcumin is needed to explore the trends and perspectives for future research. Considering all of the promising evidence to date, there is still a lack of supportive evidence especially from clinical trials on the adjunct use of C. longa and curcumin. This prompts further preclinical and clinical investigations on curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jyoti Mehta
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, India
| | - Aditi Chandel
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, India
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Malaysia
| | - Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Malaysia
| | - M Yasmin Begum
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Kumarappan Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Rusli Nordin
- Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Pei Teng Lum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Malaysia
| | | | - Vinoth Kumarasamy
- Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Perak, Malaysia
| | | | - Neeraj Kumar Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Kedah, Malaysia.,Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
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3
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Ide H, Tsukada S, Asakura H, Hattori A, Sakamaki K, Lu Y, Okada H, Maeda-Yamamoto M, Horie S. A Japanese Box Lunch Bento Comprising Functional Foods Reduce Oxidative Stress in Men: A Pilot Study. Am J Mens Health 2022; 16:15579883221075498. [PMID: 35135369 PMCID: PMC8832604 DOI: 10.1177/15579883221075498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The elder population has increased, introducing the profound medical and social challenge of maintaining health in aging seniors and the need for a medical approach to sustaining physical and mental health. The relationship between diseases and lifestyle-related factors such as diet and exercise are important. A health-conscious lifestyle improves one's health condition from a medical perspective, as indicated by new wellness monitoring using health devices and recent research into the efficacy of functional lunches incorporating utilitarian agricultural, forestry, and fishery products and foods. For a period of 3 months, and solely at lunchtime, 21 participants consumed the contents of a bento (Japanese box lunch), which incorporated functional (healthy) foods. A variety of factors were analyzed, including: weight, weight fluctuation rate, abdominal girth, triglycerides, total cholesterol value, and 8-OHdG (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine). The bento comprising functional foods resulted in a reduction in both weight and abdominal girth without calorie restrictions. A reduction over time was observed in 8-OHdG, an oxidative stress marker, as compared to values prior to initiation of the study. Usage of a health device, exercise/dietary advice from a physician and nutritionist, and the availability of meals incorporating functional agricultural products might help prevent lifestyle disease and lead to improved health management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisamitsu Ide
- Department of Urology, Saitama Medical Center, Dokkyo Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Hitomi Asakura
- Department of Nutrition, Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayaka Hattori
- Department of Nutrition, Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Sakamaki
- Center for Data Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okada
- Department of Urology, Saitama Medical Center, Dokkyo Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mari Maeda-Yamamoto
- Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shigeo Horie
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Huang J, Li JX, Ma LR, Xu DH, Wang P, Li LQ, Yu LL, Li Y, Li RZ, Zhang H, Zheng YH, Tang L, Yan PY. Traditional Herbal Medicine: A Potential Therapeutic Approach for Adjuvant Treatment of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in the Future. Integr Cancer Ther 2022; 21:15347354221144312. [PMID: 36567455 PMCID: PMC9806388 DOI: 10.1177/15347354221144312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung carcinoma is the primary reason for cancer-associated mortality, and it exhibits the highest mortality and incidence in developed and developing countries. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and SCLC are the 2 main types of lung cancer, with NSCLC contributing to 85% of all lung carcinoma cases. Conventional treatment mainly involves surgery, chemoradiotherapy, and immunotherapy, but has a dismal prognosis for many patients. Therefore, identifying an effective adjuvant therapy is urgent. Historically, traditional herbal medicine has been an essential part of complementary and alternative medicine, due to its numerous targets, few side effects and substantial therapeutic benefits. In China and other East Asian countries, traditional herbal medicine is increasingly popular, and is highly accepted by patients as a clinical adjuvant therapy. Numerous studies have reported that herbal extracts and prescription medications are effective at combating tumors. It emphasizes that, by mainly regulating the P13K/AKT signaling pathway, the Wnt signaling pathway, and the NF-κB signaling pathway, herbal medicine induces apoptosis and inhibits the proliferation and migration of tumor cells. The present review discusses the anti-NSCLC mechanisms of herbal medicines and provides options for future adjuvant therapy in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- Macau University of Science and
Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Jia-Xin Li
- Macau University of Science and
Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Lin-Rui Ma
- Macau University of Science and
Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Dong-Han Xu
- Macau University of Science and
Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Macau University of Science and
Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Li-Qi Li
- Macau University of Science and
Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Li-Li Yu
- Macau University of Science and
Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Yu Li
- Macau University of Science and
Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Run-Ze Li
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou
University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Macau University of Science and
Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Yu-Hong Zheng
- Macau University of Science and
Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou,
Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of
Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering
Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong,
China
| | - Pei-Yu Yan
- Macau University of Science and
Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
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Nakayama A, Ide H, Lu Y, Takei A, Fukuda K, Osaka A, Arai G, Horie S, Okada H, Saito K. Effects of Curcumin Combined With the 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitor Dutasteride on LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cells. In Vivo 2021; 35:1443-1450. [PMID: 33910821 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Curcumin is a natural compound of turmeric, which inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation. This study examined whether treatment of LNCaP prostate cancer cells with the combination of curcumin and dutasteride, a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, affect proliferation and the amount of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. MATERIALS AND METHODS LNCaP Cells were incubated with curcumin or the combination of curcumin and dutasteride and cell proliferation was measured at 72 h. LC-MS/MS was used to determine testosterone and dihydrotestosterone concentrations in prostate cancer cells. RESULTS Curcumin combined with dutasteride suppressed proliferation and affected apoptosis of LNCaP cells. The combination of curcumin and dutasteride also reduced the amount of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in LNCaP cells. The secretion of prostate-specific antigen was inhibited by the combination treatment in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Treatment with the combination of curcumin and dutasteride may interfere with the intra-tumoral androgen activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Nakayama
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hisamitsu Ide
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan;
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayano Takei
- Collaborative Research Center, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazunori Fukuda
- Collaborative Research Center, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Osaka
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Gaku Arai
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shigeo Horie
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okada
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Saito
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
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6
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Hirano H, Ide H, Lu Y, Inoue Y, Okada H, Horie S. Impact of Pretreatment Total Cholesterol Level Is Associated With Metastasis of Prostate Cancer. Am J Mens Health 2021; 14:1557988320918788. [PMID: 32349610 PMCID: PMC7233000 DOI: 10.1177/1557988320918788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is reported to play a role in the genesis and development not
only of angina, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, and osteoporosis but also of
prostate cancer. Hypercholesterolemia is a strong risk factor in prostate cancer
development. The current study was conducted to analyze whether pretreatment
serum levels of cholesterol correlate with prostate cancer metastasis. Three
hundred fifty-one subjects who received a histopathological diagnosis of
prostate cancer were evaluated by clinical factors such as age, body mass index
(BMI), disease stage, Gleason score, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), total
cholesterol, Luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, and free testosterone. A
multivariate analysis was performed on these factors, and a statistically
significant difference was identified in total cholesterol level
(p =.01) and PSA (p < .001). The total
cholesterol level was higher in cases of metastatic prostate cancer compared to
nonmetastatic prostate cancer in this study and therefore may be a predictive
factor for poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Hirano
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisamitsu Ide
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Japan
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Inoue
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okada
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Japan
| | - Shigeo Horie
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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7
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Chemopreventive effects of nanoparticle curcumin in a mouse model of Pten-deficient prostate cancer. Hum Cell 2020; 33:730-736. [PMID: 32146706 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-020-00337-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the antitumor activity and chemopreventive effects of a nanoparticle formulation of curcumin in preclinical models of mouse Pten-deficient prostate cancer. The antitumor activity of the nanoparticle curcumin was evaluated in mouse castration-naïve (7113-D3) and castration-resistant prostate cancer (2945-E10) derived cell lines in vitro. Cell viability was reduced in both cell lines in a dose and time-dependent manner. The effects of long-term dietary supplementation with the nanoparticle curcumin formulation were evaluated in a conditional Pten-deficient mouse model. Prostate tissues from Pten-deficient prostate cancers were obtained after sixteen weeks of dietary supplementation of 76 mg/kg/day or 380 mg/kg/day nanoparticle curcumin. Daily supplementation of nanoparticle curcumin did not affect mouse bodyweights or spleen size but did result in enlargement of the liver. Dietary supplementation did not influence tumor burden, however, mice fed high-dose curcumin had lower cancer cell proliferation rates at 12 and 16 weeks of age. Together, these results show that daily supplementation of a nanoparticle formulation of curcumin is tolerable and suggest that curcumin could have chemopreventive activity in early-stage prostate cancer.
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Ying J, Zhang M, Qiu X, Lu Y. The potential of herb medicines in the treatment of esophageal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:381-390. [PMID: 29674273 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of common malignant neoplasms in the world. Due to dietary habits, environmental factors, stress and so on, larger numbers of person are diagnose with EC every year. Currently, the clinical treatment of EC mainly includes radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgical resection alone or combined strategy. These treatment options are insufficient and often associated with a number of side effects. Medicinal herbs containing Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) have been used as an adjunct treatment for alleviating the side effects of chemotherapy or radiotherapy and for improving the quality of life of cancer patients. The monomer compounds obtained from medicinal herbs also exhibit potential anti-cancer activity against various type cancer cell lines including esophageal cancer, and have the ability to enhance cancer cells sensitizing to chemotherapy or radiotherapy. In this review, we summarize some monomers and composite of medicinal herbs with anti-cancer activity for EC, and elaborate their mechanism of action. Understanding the exact mechanism of their actions may provide valuable information for their possible application in cancer therapy and prevention. This is beneficial for the use and development of medicinal herbs for diseases therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ying
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Xuyi People's Hospital, PR China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Xuyi People's Hospital, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Qiu
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Xuyi People's Hospital, PR China
| | - Yu Lu
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Xuyi People's Hospital, PR China.
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9
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Ide H, Lu Y, Noguchi T, Muto S, Okada H, Kawato S, Horie S. Modulation of AKR1C2 by curcumin decreases testosterone production in prostate cancer. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:1230-1238. [PMID: 29369461 PMCID: PMC5891173 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral androgen biosynthesis has been recognized as an essential factor of castration‐resistant prostate cancer. The present study investigated the effects of curcumin on the inhibition of intracrine androgen synthesis in prostate cancer. Human prostate cancer cell lines, LNCaP and 22Rv1 cells were incubated with or without curcumin after which cell proliferation was measured at 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours, respectively. Prostate tissues from the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) model were obtained after 1‐month oral administration of 200 mg/kg/d curcumin. Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone concentrations in LNCaP prostate cancer cells were determined through LC‐MS/MS assay. Curcumin inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis of prostate cancer cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Curcumin decreased the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory proteins, CYP11A1 and HSD3B2 in prostate cancer cell lines, supporting the decrease of testosterone production. After 1‐month oral administration of curcumin, Aldo‐Keto reductase 1C2 (AKR1C2) expression was elevated. Simultaneously, decreased testosterone levels in the prostate tissues were observed in the TRAMP mice. Meanwhile, curcumin treatments considerably increased the expression of AKR1C2 in prostate cancer cell lines, supporting the decrease of dihydrotestosterone. Taken together, these results suggest that curcumin's natural bioactive compounds could have potent anticancer properties due to suppression of androgen production, and this could have therapeutic effects on prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisamitsu Ide
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Noguchi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Muto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okada
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Suguru Kawato
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeo Horie
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Castelli T, Russo GI, Reale G, Privitera S, Chisari M, Fragalà E, Favilla V, Cimino S, Morgia G. Metabolic syndrome and prostatic disease: potentially role of polyphenols in preventive strategies. A review. Int Braz J Urol 2017; 42:422-30. [PMID: 27286103 PMCID: PMC4920557 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2015.0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer are two common urological diseases of the elderly. Scientific community has always looked for a link that could explain the correlation between the two diseases and the role of chronic inflammation in the pathogenesis of BPH and PCa. As shown by the reports of the two diseases relationship with oxidative stress and metabolic syndrome, the use of compounds with antioxidant action could therefore affect both the symptoms and their onset. Polyphenols appear to act not only against oxidative stress but also at different levels. The aim of this review is to evaluate the role of the most important polyphenols on these two urological diseases. As antioxidants these compounds seems to have a direct action on the cell cycle and hormone function, important for both prostate cancer and BPH. Despite a large number of articles about the relationship of the polyphenols with prostate cancer, very little evidence exists for BPH. Additional clinical trials or meta-analysis are necessary on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Castelli
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Giorgio Ivan Russo
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Giulio Reale
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Salvatore Privitera
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Mario Chisari
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Eugenia Fragalà
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Vincenzo Favilla
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Sebastiano Cimino
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Giuseppe Morgia
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
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11
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Pal D, Suman S, Kolluru V, Sears S, Das TP, Alatassi H, Ankem MK, Freedman JH, Damodaran C. Inhibition of autophagy prevents cadmium-induced prostate carcinogenesis. Br J Cancer 2017; 117:56-64. [PMID: 28588318 PMCID: PMC5520206 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium, an established carcinogen, is a risk factor for prostate cancer. Induction of autophagy is a prerequisite for cadmium-induced transformation and metastasis. The ability of Psoralidin (Pso), a non-toxic, orally bioavailable compound to inhibit cadmium-induced autophagy to prevent prostate cancer was investigated. METHODS Psoralidin was studied using cadmium-transformed prostate epithelial cells (CTPE), which exhibit high proliferative, invasive and colony forming abilities. Gene and protein expression were evaluated by qPCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Xenograft models were used to study the chemopreventive effects in vivo. RESULTS Cadmium-transformed prostate epithelial cells were treated with Pso resulting in growth inhibition, without causing toxicity to normal prostate epithelial cells (RWPE-1). Psoralidin-treatment of CTPE cells inhibited the expression of Placenta Specific 8, a lysosomal protein essential for autophagosome and autolysosome fusion, which resulted in growth inhibition. Additionally, Pso treatment caused decreased expression of pro-survival signalling proteins, NFκB and Bcl2, and increased expression of apoptotic genes. In vivo, Pso effectively suppressed CTPE xenografts growth, without any observable toxicity. Tumours from Pso-treated animals showed decreased autophagic morphology, mesenchymal markers expression and increased epithelial protein expression. CONCLUSIONS These results confirm that inhibition of autophagy by Pso plays an important role in the chemoprevention of cadmium-induced prostate carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Pal
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Suman Suman
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Venkatesh Kolluru
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Sophia Sears
- Department of Pharmacology &Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Trinath P Das
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Houda Alatassi
- Department of Pathology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Murali K Ankem
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Jonathan H Freedman
- Department of Pharmacology &Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Chendil Damodaran
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Kallifatidis G, Hoy JJ, Lokeshwar BL. Bioactive natural products for chemoprevention and treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 40-41:160-169. [PMID: 27370570 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa), a hormonally-driven cancer, ranks first in incidence and second in cancer related mortality in men in most Western industrialized countries. Androgen and androgen receptor (AR) are the dominant modulators of PCa growth. Over the last two decades multiple advancements in screening, treatment, surveillance and palliative care of PCa have significantly increased quality of life and survival following diagnosis. However, over 20% of patients initially diagnosed with PCa still develop an aggressive and treatment-refractory disease. Prevention or treatment for hormone-refractory PCa using bioactive compounds from marine sponges, mushrooms, and edible plants either as single agents or as adjuvants to existing therapy, has not been clinically successful. Major advancements have been made in the identification, testing and modification of the existing molecular structures of natural products. Additionally, conjugation of these compounds to novel matrices has enhanced their bio-availability; a big step towards bringing natural products to clinical trials. Natural products derived from edible plants (nutraceuticals), and common folk-medicines might offer advantages over synthetic compounds due to their broader range of targets, as compared to mostly single target synthetic anticancer compounds; e.g. kinase inhibitors. The use of synthetic inhibitors or antibodies that target a single aberrant molecule in cancer cells might be in part responsible for emergence of treatment refractory cancers. Nutraceuticals that target AR signaling (epigallocatechin gallate [EGCG], curcumin, and 5α-reductase inhibitors), AR synthesis (ericifolin, capsaicin and others) or AR degradation (betulinic acid, di-indolyl diamine, sulphoraphane, silibinin and others) are prime candidates for use as adjuvant or mono-therapies. Nutraceuticals target multiple pathophysiological mechanisms involved during cancer development and progression and thus have potential to simultaneously inhibit both prostate cancer growth and metastatic progression (e.g., inhibition of angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and proliferation). Given their multi-targeting properties along with relatively lower systemic toxicity, these compounds offer significant therapeutic advantages for prevention and treatment of PCa. This review emphasizes the potential application of some of the well-researched natural compounds that target AR for prevention and therapy of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Kallifatidis
- Department of Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center and Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - James J Hoy
- Department of Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center and Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Bal L Lokeshwar
- Department of Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center and Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgia Cancer Center and Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Research Service, Charlie Norwood VA Hospital and Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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Itsumi M, Shiota M, Takeuchi A, Kashiwagi E, Inokuchi J, Tatsugami K, Kajioka S, Uchiumi T, Naito S, Eto M, Yokomizo A. Equol inhibits prostate cancer growth through degradation of androgen receptor by S-phase kinase-associated protein 2. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:1022-8. [PMID: 27088761 PMCID: PMC4946716 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemopreventive and potential therapeutic effects of soy isoflavones have been shown to be effective in numerous preclinical studies as well as clinical studies in prostate cancer. Although the inhibition of androgen receptor signaling has been supposed as one mechanism underlying their effects, the precise mechanism of androgen receptor inhibition remains unclear. Thus, this study aimed to clarify their mechanism. Among soy isoflavones, equol suppressed androgen receptor as well as prostate-specific antigen expression most potently in androgen-dependent LNCaP cells. However, the inhibitory effect on androgen receptor expression and activity was less prominent in castration-resistant CxR and 22Rv1 cells. Consistently, cell proliferation was suppressed and cellular apoptosis was induced by equol in LNCaP cells, but less so in CxR and 22Rv1 cells. We revealed that the proteasome pathway through S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (Skp2) was responsible for androgen receptor suppression. Taken together, soy isoflavones, especially equol, appear to be promising as chemopreventive and therapeutic agents for prostate cancer based on the fact that equol augments Skp2-mediated androgen receptor degradation. Moreover, because Skp2 expression was indicated to be crucial for the effect of soy isoflavones, soy isoflavones may be applicable for precancerous and cancerous prostates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoe Itsumi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaki Shiota
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ario Takeuchi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eiji Kashiwagi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junichi Inokuchi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Katsunori Tatsugami
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shunichi Kajioka
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Uchiumi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Seiji Naito
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Urology, Harasanshin Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Eto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Yokomizo
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Miura Y, Oyama M, Iguchi K, Ito T, Baba M, Shikama Y, Usui S, Hirano K, Iinuma M, Mikamo H. Anti-Androgenic Activity of Icarisid II from Epimedium Herb in Prostate Cancer LNCaP Cells. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2016; 61:201-4. [PMID: 26052153 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.61.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Anti-androgens are regarded as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of prostate cancer. We determined that an epimedium herb (EH) extract exhibited anti-androgenic activity in a luciferase assay using androgen receptor-positive prostate cancer LNCaP cells. Nine EH-derived flavonoids were examined. The results identified icarisid II as a very potent anti-androgenic EH-derived flavonoid. A quantitative RT-PCR analysis confirmed that the flavonol suppressed the expression of the androgen-responsive KLK3 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Miura
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Aichi Medical University
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15
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Hong JH, Lee G, Choi HY. Effect of curcumin on the interaction between androgen receptor and Wnt/β-catenin in LNCaP xenografts. Korean J Urol 2015; 56:656-65. [PMID: 26366279 PMCID: PMC4565901 DOI: 10.4111/kju.2015.56.9.656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Curcumin is a nontoxic, chemopreventive agent possessing multifaceted functions. Our previous study showed that curcumin inhibits androgen receptor (AR) through modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in LNCaP cells. Therefore, we investigated the in vivo effects of curcumin by using LNCaP xenografts. Materials and Methods LNCaP cells were subcutaneously inoculated in Balb/c nude mice. When the tumor volume reached greater than 100 mm3, either curcumin (500 mg/kg body weight) or vehicle was administered through oral gavage three times weekly for 4 weeks. The expression of AR and intermediate products of Wnt/β-catenin were assessed. Results Curcumin had an inhibitory effect on tumor growth during the early period, which was followed by a slow increase in growth over time. Tumor growth was delayed about 27% in the curcumin group. The mean prostate-specific antigen (PSA) doubling time in the curcumin group was approximately twice that in the untreated group. Curcumin significantly decreased AR expression at both the mRNA and protein level. The PSA levels tended to be reduced in the curcumin group. However, there were no significant changes in expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway intermediates. Conclusions This study revealed that curcumin initially interferes with prostate cancer growth by inhibiting AR activity and possibly by reducing PSA expression. Further research is needed to investigate the plausible mechanism of the antiandrogenic action of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hee Hong
- Department of Urology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Gilho Lee
- Department of Urology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Han Yong Choi
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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16
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Yan J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Liu S, Tian C, Wang H. Targeted nanomedicine for prostate cancer therapy: docetaxel and curcumin co-encapsulated lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles for the enhanced anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo. Drug Deliv 2015. [PMID: 26203689 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2015.1069423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Docetaxel (DTX) remains the only effective drug for prolonging survival and improving quality of life of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients. Combination anticancer therapy encapsulating DTX and another extract of traditional Chinese medicine is one nano-sized drug delivery system promising to generate synergistic anticancer effects, to maximize the treatment effect, and to overcome multi-drug resistance. The purpose of this study is to construct lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNs) as nanomedicine for co-encapsulation of DTX and curcumin (CUR). METHODS DTX and CUR co-encapsulated LPNs (DTX-CUR-LPNs) were constructed. DTX-CUR-LPNs were evaluated in terms of particles size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation, and drug delivery. The cytotoxicity of the LPNs was evaluated on PC-3 human prostate carcinoma cells (PC3 cells) by MTT assays. In vivo anti-tumor effects were observed on the PC3 tumor xenografts in mice. RESULTS The particle size of DTX-CUR-LPNs was 169.6 nm with a positive zeta potential of 35.7 mV. DTX-CUR-LPNs showed highest cytotoxicity and synergistic effect of two drugs in tumor cells in vitro. In mice-bearing PC-3 tumor xenografts, the DTX-CUR-LPNs inhibited tumor growth to a greater extent than other contrast groups, without inducing any obvious side effects. CONCLUSION According to these results, the novel nanomedicine offers great promise for the dual drugs delivery to the prostate cancer cells, showing the potential of synergistic combination therapy for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieke Yan
- a Department of Renal Transplantation , The Second Hospital of Shandong University , Ji'nan , Shandong , PR China and
| | - Yuzhen Wang
- b Clinical Department , Jinan Vocation College of Nursing , Ji'nan , Shandong , PR China
| | - Xufeng Zhang
- a Department of Renal Transplantation , The Second Hospital of Shandong University , Ji'nan , Shandong , PR China and
| | - Shuangde Liu
- a Department of Renal Transplantation , The Second Hospital of Shandong University , Ji'nan , Shandong , PR China and
| | - Chuan Tian
- a Department of Renal Transplantation , The Second Hospital of Shandong University , Ji'nan , Shandong , PR China and
| | - Hongwei Wang
- a Department of Renal Transplantation , The Second Hospital of Shandong University , Ji'nan , Shandong , PR China and
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Guo H, Xu Y, Fu Q. Curcumin inhibits growth of prostate carcinoma via miR-208-mediated CDKN1A activation. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:8511-7. [PMID: 26032092 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3592-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is a prevalent cancer in aged men. Curcumin is an active ingredient that has been extracted from the rhizome of the plant Curcuma longa. Recently, a potential of Curcumin against PC has been reported in PC, whereas the underlying molecular mechanisms are not completely understood. Here, we studied the effects of low-dose Curcumin on PC cell growth. Curcumin (from 0.2 to 0.8 μmol/l) dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of PC cells, without affecting cell apoptosis. Further analyses showed that Curcumin dose-dependently increased a cell cycle suppressor CDKN1A at protein levels, but not mRNA levels, in PC cells, suggesting that Curcumin may regulate the translation of CDKN1A, as well as a possible involvement of miRNA intervention. From all CDKN1A-3'-UTR-binding miRNAs, we found that miR-208 was specifically inhibited in PC cells dose-dependently by Curcumin. Moreover, miR-208 was found to bind CDKN1A to suppress its expression. In a loss-of-function experiment, PC cells that overexpressed miR-208 failed to decrease cell proliferation in response to Curcumin. Together, these data suggest that Curcumin inhibits growth of PC via miR-208-mediated CDKN1A activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yuemin Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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Varinska L, Gal P, Mojzisova G, Mirossay L, Mojzis J. Soy and breast cancer: focus on angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:11728-49. [PMID: 26006245 PMCID: PMC4463727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160511728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have revealed that high consumption of soy products is associated with low incidences of hormone-dependent cancers, including breast and prostate cancer. Soybeans contain large amounts of isoflavones, such as the genistein and daidzain. Previously, it has been demonstrated that genistein, one of the predominant soy isoflavones, can inhibit several steps involved in carcinogenesis. It is suggested that genistein possesses pleiotropic molecular mechanisms of action including inhibition of tyrosine kinases, DNA topoisomerase II, 5α-reductase, galectin-induced G2/M arrest, protein histidine kinase, and cyclin-dependent kinases, modulation of different signaling pathways associated with the growth of cancer cells (e.g., NF-κB, Akt, MAPK), etc. Moreover, genistein is also a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. Uncontrolled angiogenesis is considered as a key step in cancer growth, invasion, and metastasis. Genistein was found to inhibit angiogenesis through regulation of multiple pathways, such as regulation of VEGF, MMPs, EGFR expressions and NF-κB, PI3-K/Akt, ERK1/2 signaling pathways, thereby causing strong antiangiogenic effects. This review focuses on the antiangiogenic properties of soy isoflavonoids and examines their possible underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Varinska
- Department of Pharmacology, P.J. Šafárik University, Faculty of Medicine, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Peter Gal
- Department of Pharmacology, P.J. Šafárik University, Faculty of Medicine, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia.
- Department for Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ondavská 8, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia.
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Commenius University, Odbojárov 10, 832 10 Bratislava, Slovakia.
- Institute of Anatomy, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U nemocnice 3, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Gabriela Mojzisova
- Department of Experimental Medicine, P.J. Šafárik University, Faculty of Medicine, Trieda SNP-1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Ladislav Mirossay
- Department of Pharmacology, P.J. Šafárik University, Faculty of Medicine, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Jan Mojzis
- Department of Pharmacology, P.J. Šafárik University, Faculty of Medicine, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia.
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Zhao L, Yan X, Shi J, Ren F, Liu L, Sun S, Shan B. Ethanol extract of Forsythia suspensa root induces apoptosis of esophageal carcinoma cells via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:871-80. [PMID: 25373392 PMCID: PMC4262507 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Forsythia suspensa root is used in the treatment of fever and jaundice in Traditional Chinese Medicine. In the present study, the anti-tumor activity of the ethanolic extract of Forsythia suspensa root (FSREE) against esophageal carcinoma cells was investigated in vitro and in vivo and its anti-cancer mechanism was examined. The results revealed that FSREE, rather than Forsythia suspensa ethanolic extracts from the leaf (FSLEE) and fruit (FSFEE) exhibited marked anti-tumor activity towards human esophageal cancer cells. FSREE induced cancer cell apoptosis and growth arrest by downregulating B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2, Bcl-extra large and myeloid cell leukemia 1, while upregulating Bcl-2-associated X protein, Bcl-2 antagonist of cell death and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1. This led to the activation of poly(ADP ribose) polymerase, caspase-3 and caspase-9, but not caspase-8. Furthermore, the anti-cancer activity of FSREE was associated with a decreased level of phosphorylated Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase signaling activity. It was also observed that the levels of cytochrome c were elevated in the cytoplasm, accounting for the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in the TE-13 cells upon treatment with FSEER. In addition, FSEER inhibited the growth of esophageal cancer cells in xenograft models and no detectable toxicity was present in the lung or liver tissues. These observations provided further evidence of the anti-tumor effect of FSEER and may be of importance to further examine the potential role of Forsythia suspensa root as a therapeutic agent in esophageal carcinoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianmei Zhao
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Xi Yan
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Juan Shi
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, P.R. China
| | - Fengzhi Ren
- Department of Natural Medicine Development, New Drug Research and Development Center of North China Pharmaceutical Group Corporation, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050015, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Shiping Sun
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Baoen Shan
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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20
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van Die MD, Bone KM, Williams SG, Pirotta MV. Soy and soy isoflavones in prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BJU Int 2014; 113:E119-30. [PMID: 24053483 DOI: 10.1111/bju.12435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy and safety of soy/isoflavones in men with prostate cancer (PCa) or with a clinically identified risk of PCa. PATIENTS AND METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Allied and Complementary Medicine (AMED), the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and the Cochrane Library databases were searched. We identified RCTs investigating soy/soy isoflavones as dietary supplements or dietary components for the secondary prevention or treatment of PCa in men with PCa or with a clinically identified risk of developing PCa. Studies of multi-component formulations were excluded. Six authors were contacted for further information for the meta-analyses. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk-of- bias tool. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews was followed. RESULTS Of the eight RCTs that met the inclusion criteria, six restricted recruitment to men diagnosed with PCa, while two included men with clinically identified risk of PCa. A large degree of heterogeneity was found with respect to dosages and preparations of soy/isoflavones administered. Most studies had small sample sizes and were of short duration. The risk of bias was assessed as low in all assessed studies except for one, for which the risk of bias was unclear. Meta-analyses of the two studies including men with identified risk of PCa found a significant reduction in PCa diagnosis after administration of soy/soy isoflavones (risk ratio = 0.49, 95% CI 0.26, 0.95). Meta-analyses indicated no significant differences between groups for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels or sex steroid endpoints (sex hormone-binding globulin [SHBG], testosterone, free testosterone, oestradiol and dihydrotestosterone). CONCLUSIONS The results of a meta-analysis of two studies suggest there may be support for epidemiological findings of a potential role for soy/soy isoflavones in PCa risk reduction; however, a clear understanding of the impact of soy/isoflavones on PSA, total testosterone, free testosterone and SHBG levels in men with, or at identified risk of, PCa could not be derived from these data, given the limitations of sample size and study duration in individual trials. A good safety profile is shown by this meta-analysis for soy/soy isoflavones supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Diana van Die
- Department of General Practice, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasan Bhandari
- Department of Pharmacology, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Sattur, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
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Yu XL, Jing T, Zhao H, Li PJ, Xu WH, Shang FF. Curcumin Inhibits Expression of Inhibitor of DNA Binding 1 in PC3 Cells and Xenografts. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:1465-70. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.3.1465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Chemoprevention of prostate cancer with the polyamine synthesis inhibitor difluoromethylornithine. Recent Results Cancer Res 2014; 202:115-20. [PMID: 24531785 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-45195-9_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo preclinical results suggest that inhibition of polyamine synthesis inhibits the progression of prostate cancer. These findings has led to two clinical trials in patients at risk for invasive prostate cancer with difluoromethylornithine which specifically and irreversibly inhibits ornithine decarboxylase which catalyses the conversion of ornithine to putrescine the rate limiting step in polyamines synthesis. We have conducted a phase IIa one month and placebo randomized phase IIb 12 months trials in patients at increased risk for invasive prostate cancer. Favorable reduction in prostate polyamine levels and prostate volume was documented with no difference in clinical hearing changes. Patients with Gleason's VI lesions in a surveillance cohort would be appropriate candidates for a definitive risk reduction trial although the unavailability of validated biomarkers for invasive progression would require a large and lengthy study.
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Prostate cancer chemoprevention in men of African descent: current state of the art and opportunities for future research. Cancer Causes Control 2013; 24:1465-80. [PMID: 23737026 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-013-0241-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in men. However, African American/Black men are 60 % more likely to be diagnosed with and 2.4 times more likely to die from prostate cancer, compared to Non-Hispanic White men. Despite the increased burden of this malignancy, no evidence-based recommendation regarding prostate cancer screening exists for the high-risk population. Moreover, in addition to screening and detection, African American men may constitute a prime population for chemoprevention. Early detection and chemoprevention may thus represent an integral part of prostate cancer control in this population. Importantly, recent research has elucidated biological differences in the prostate tumors of African American compared to European American men. The latter may enable a more favorable response in African American men to specific chemopreventive agents that target relevant signal transduction pathways. Based on this evolving evidence, the aims of this review are threefold. First, we aim to summarize the biological differences that were reported in the prostate tumors of African American and European American men. Second, we will review the single- and multi-target chemopreventive agents placing specific emphasis on the pathways implicated in prostate carcinogenesis. And lastly, we will discuss the most promising nutraceutical chemopreventive compounds. Our review underscores the promise of chemoprevention in prostate cancer control, as well as provides justification for further investment in this filed to ultimately reduce prostate cancer morbidity and mortality in this high-risk population of African American men.
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Hussain AR, Uddin S, Ahmed M, Al-Dayel F, Bavi PP, Al-Kuraya KS. Phosphorylated IκBα predicts poor prognosis in activated B-cell lymphoma and its inhibition with thymoquinone induces apoptosis via ROS release. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60540. [PMID: 23555990 PMCID: PMC3610815 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Activated B-cell lymphoma (ABC), one of the three subtypes of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) has the worst survival rate after upfront chemotherapy and is characterized by constitutively activated NFκB. We therefore studied the role of NFκB In a cohort of clinical DLBCL samples and ABC cell lines. In our clinical tissue microarray cohort of DLBCL samples, p-IκBα was detected in 38.3% of ABC DLBCL and was an independent prognostic marker for poor survival. In vitro, we found that Thymoquinone (TQ), a natural compound isolated from Nigella sativa caused release of ROS in ABC cells. TQ-mediated release of ROS in turn inhibited NFκB activity by dephosphorylating IκBα and decreased translocation of p65 subunit of NFκB in the nuclear compartment in ABC cell lines. This led to inhibition of cell viability and induction of mitochondrial dependent apoptosis in ABC-DLBCL cell lines. Additionally, TQ treatment also caused up-regulation of death receptor 5 (DR5), however, up-regulation of DR5 did not play a role in TQ-induced apoptosis. Finally, combination of sub-optimal doses of TQ and TRAIL induced efficient apoptosis in ABC-DLBCL cell lines. These data show that p-IκBα can be used as a prognostic marker and target for therapy in this aggressive sub-type of DLBCL and TQ may play an important role in the management of DLBCL in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhar R. Hussain
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maqbool Ahmed
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fouad Al-Dayel
- Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prashant P. Bavi
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khawla S. Al-Kuraya
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Al-Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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