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Rustamadji P, Wiyarta E, Miftahuzzakiyah M, Sukmawati D, Suryandari DA, Kodariah R. Potential of AKNA as a Predictive Biomarker for Ovarian Cancer and Its Relationship to Tumor Grading. Niger J Clin Pract 2024; 27:1089-1094. [PMID: 39348329 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_46_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer exhibits a significant prevalence and incidence on a global scale. Low-grade or high-grade epithelial-type ovarian cancer can be classified by using the dualistic model. Inflammation has been associated with AKNA protein by cancer researchers. The potential of AKNA as a cancer biomarker is supported by its significance and association with ovarian carcinoma. Uninvestigated is this enormous potential. AIM This study examines the correlation between AKNA expression in low-grade and high-grade ovarian tumors and its utility as a predictive biomarker for ovarian cancer. METHODS This study examined a total of thirty-one samples, which were classified into three groups: cyst, low-grade, and high-grade ovarian carcinoma. The departmental archive was accessed for the following information: age, tumor size, nuclear grade, mitosis, ovary volume, implant tumor status, lymph vascular invasion status, lymph node metastasis, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte. The expression of AKNA was determined using IHC staining. The information was collected and analyzed via analysis of variance. RESULTS The AKNA H-score shows the mean difference between all three groups (P < 0.001). Cysts had the highest AKNA expression, followed by low-grade and high-grade ovarian carcinoma. CONCLUSION Higher-grade ovarian cancer expressed less AKNA compared to cysts or low-grade forms of the disease. This considerable difference suggests that AKNA might predict ovarian cancer tumor grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rustamadji
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - E Wiyarta
- Department of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - M Miftahuzzakiyah
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - D Sukmawati
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - D A Suryandari
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - R Kodariah
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Rustamadji P, Wiyarta E, Anggreani I. Correlation of Before and After Invasive Breast Cancer Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for NFkB, Cyclin D1, and Survivin Expression. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 18:147-155. [PMID: 37600572 PMCID: PMC10439759 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.2023.562935.2983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Background & Objective Patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) for invasive breast cancer (IBC) therapy need biomarkers to track their progress. Because of the relationship between NFkB, Survivin, and Cyclin D1 with NC resistance, the different expression levels of each of these biomarkers can be different between pre- and post-NC in IBC. However, no research has examined the correlation between these biomarkers before and after the NC expression. This study aimed to determine the correlation among them. Methods Biomarkers expression (low and high) was used to classify 30 samples. ER, PR, HER2, Ki-67 status, tumor grade, age, and NC response were assessed. The amounts of Survivin, Cyclin D1, and NFkB were evaluated using immunohistochemistry, and the samples were classified based on the cut-off. Chi-square and linear regression were used to evaluate the data. Results No significant association was found with the changes in the expression of Survivin, Cyclin D1, and NFkB, both before and after the NC. Significant moderate correlations were shown between before and after the NC Survivin expression (r = 0.513) and Cyclin D1 expression (r = 0.543). The correlation between expression of NFkB before and after the NC was not significant. Conclusion The high potential of these proteins as prognostic indicators was demonstrated by the strong positive association between the expression of Survivin and Cyclin D1 before and after the NC. This upregulation of biomarkers indicates chemoresistance in developing IBC in the presence of NC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Primariadewi Rustamadji
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Elvan Wiyarta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ineke Anggreani
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Rustamadji P, Wiyarta E, Anggreani I. Exploring the Expression of Survivin on Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Invasive Breast Carcinoma. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.9940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Biomarkers are required to monitor the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) in patients with invasive breast cancer (IBC). The purpose of this study is to determine the function of Survivin in the administration of NC, both taxane- and non-taxane-based, to patients with IBC.
Methods: Thirty-one samples were categorized according to the NC's administrative status (before or after) and the type of NC used (taxane- or non-taxane-based). Age, tumor grade, receptor status (ER, PR, HER2, Ki-67), and survivin expression were evaluated. Survivin expressions were evaluated by IHC staining and categorized according median H-score cut-offs, while other data were collected from archives. Data was gathered and analyzed using generalized linear model.
Results: Survivin expression decreased following NC administration, although not significantly (p=0.285). The taxane group had lower survivin expression. Statistically, this was not significant (p=0.329). The non-taxane group had the same outcome (p=0.792). The decline in survivin expression was greater in the taxane group than in the non-taxane group, although it was not statistically significant (p=0.369).
Conclusion: Although the changes in survivin expression were not statistically significant, when clinical and laboratory data are analyzed, survivin expression has the potential to be a predictive biomarker of NC response as well as clinical outcome in IBC.
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CD44 Variant Exon 6 Isoform Expression as a Potential Predictor of Lymph Node Metastasis in Invasive Breast Carcinoma of No Special Type. Int J Breast Cancer 2021; 2021:1586367. [PMID: 34925920 PMCID: PMC8683235 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1586367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Invasive breast carcinoma of no special type (IBC-NST) is the most widespread invasive carcinoma subtype causing primarily regional metastases of the lymphatic node (LNM). The capacity of CD44 variant exon 6 (CD44v6) expression as an LNM predictor biomarker in IBC-NST was explored. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional research with 48 paraffin blocks containing IBC-NST primary tumors that were divided into two groups by LNM. The assessment has been carried out in terms of age, tumor size, tumor grade, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and CD44v6 expression. The expression of CD44v6 was analyzed on the grounds of immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, while other data were taken from archives. Statistical analysis is carried out by univariate, multivariate, and AUROC. Results CD44v6 exhibits a dominant expression in IBC-NST tumor cells. Univariate analysis revealed a significant association between CD44v6 and LNM status (p = 0.001). Multiple logistic regression results showed that CD44v6 expression and LVI were significantly associated with LNM with OR 10.7 (95% CI: 2.43 to 47.08) and 6.22 (95% CI: 1.4 to 27.88), respectively. CD44v6 expression was able to discriminate against LNM with AUROC 0.863 ± 0.053 (95% CI: 0.759 to 0.967) at the H-score cut-off 133.889 (75% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity). Conclusion CD44v6 expression and LVI are potential predictors of LNM in IBC-NST. The H-score cut-off of the CD44v6 expression can also be used as a threshold for classification in further investigation.
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Rustamadji P, Takbir M, Wuyung PE, Kusmardi K, Wiyarta E. Correlation between CD 34 and CD 68 expression in placental malaria with maternal anemia. Trop Parasitol 2021; 11:92-96. [PMID: 34765529 PMCID: PMC8579765 DOI: 10.4103/tp.tp_108_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Malaria is the second most life-threatening infectious disease in Indonesia, causing approximately 1–3 million deaths annually. Histopathologic studies assessing CD 68 and CD 34 protein expression in placental malaria and its association with maternal anemia are essential to determine the prognosis of malaria in pregnancy. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in 2017. Thirty biopsy samples of human placental tissue were obtained from Timika and Sumba, and ten normal biopsy samples were taken from the Pathological Anatomy Department of Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital as comparisons. CD 34 and CD 68 protein expressions were determined using immunohistochemistry, and the resulting data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: Average hemoglobin (Hb) level was 9.5 mg/dL, 11.5 mg/dL, and 9.9 mg/dL in acute infection, chronic infection, and latent infection, respectively. A positive correlation was found between CD 68 protein expression and maternal Hb level. No correlation was found between CD34 expression and maternal anemia. Conclusions: CD 68 expression in placental tissue biopsy from Timika and Sumba residents with placental malaria was shown to be positively correlated with maternal anemia. Immunohistochemical examination of CD 68 may play a role in the early diagnosis of malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Primariadewi Rustamadji
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Takbir
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Labuha Hospital, South Halmahera, North Maluku, Indonesia
| | - Puspita Eka Wuyung
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kusmardi Kusmardi
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Elvan Wiyarta
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Kusmardi K, Wiyarta E, Rusdi NK, Maulana AM, Estuningtyas A, Sunaryo H. The potential of lunasin extract for the prevention of breast cancer progression by upregulating E-Cadherin and inhibiting ICAM-1. F1000Res 2021; 10:902. [PMID: 34691393 PMCID: PMC8506221 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.55385.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Research in natural substances for their anticancer potential has become increasingly popular. Lunasin, a soybean protein, is known to inhibit cancer progression via various pathways. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Lunasin Extract (LE) on the expression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and epithelial cadherins (E-Cadherin) in breast cancer. Methods: In this true-experimental in vivo study, 24 Sprague-Dawley rats that were induced by 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), were used. Based on the therapy given, the groups were divided into, normal, positive control (PC), negative control (NC), adjuvant, curative, and preventive. Lunasin was extracted from soybean seeds of the Grobogan variety in Indonesia. Tissue samples were obtained, processed, stained with anti-ICAM-1 and anti-E-Cadherin antibodies, examined under a microscope, and quantified using H-score. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, which was then followed by Duncan's test. Results: Statistically significant difference in ICAM-1 expression was observed between the following groups: adjuvant and NC, normal and NC, PC and NC, adjuvant and preventive, normal and preventive, PC and preventive, adjuvant and curative, normal and curative, PC and curative. E-Cadherin expression was significantly different between preventive and NC, adjuvant and NC, PC and NC, normal and NC, adjuvant and curative, PC and curative, normal and curative, normal and preventive. Significant negative correlation was found between ICAM-1 and E-Cadherin [-0.616 (-0.8165; -0.283)] with p = 0.001. Conclusion: Preventive dose of LE was able to reduce ICAM-1 expression while increasing E-Cadherin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusmardi Kusmardi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Salemba Raya Street no.6, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
- Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Universitas Indonesia, Salemba Raya Street no.6, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
- Human Cancer Research Cluster, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Universitas Indonesia, Salemba Raya Street no.6, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Elvan Wiyarta
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Salemba Raya Street no.6, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Numlil Khaira Rusdi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. Hamka, Limau II Street, Jakarta, 12130, Indonesia
- Doctoral Program for Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Salemba Raya Street no.6, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Andi Muh. Maulana
- Doctoral Program for Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Salemba Raya Street no.6, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah Purwakarta, KH. Ahmad Dahlan Street, Central Java, 53182, Indonesia
| | - Ari Estuningtyas
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Salemba Raya Street no.6, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Hadi Sunaryo
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. Hamka, Limau II Street, Jakarta, 12130, Indonesia
- Doctoral Program for Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Salemba Raya Street no.6, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
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