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Alijanpour K, Dastgheib SA, Azizi L, Shiri A, Bahrami M, Aghasipour M, Miri S, Aghili K, Dehghani-Manshadi Z, Neamatzadeh H, Khajehnoori S. Correlation of growth differentiation factor-5 + 104T>C polymorphism with the risk of knee, hand, and hip osteoarthritis: a case-control study and meta-analysis based on 47 case-control studies. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024:1-26. [PMID: 38743962 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2024.2350531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) arises from a intricate interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Numerous studies have explored the link between the growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF-5) +104T>C polymorphism and OA risk, but the findings have been inconclusive. We carried out a case-control study with 704 OA cases and 418 healthy controls. Furthermore, we conducted a meta-analysis by thoroughly searching the literature for relevant studies published until 1 September, 2023. The combined odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the correlation's strength. A total of 47 independent case-control studies, including 17,602 OA cases and 30,947 controls, were analyzed. Of these, 31 studies (11,176 cases, 16,724 controls) focused on knee OA, 8 studies (3,973 cases, 8,055 controls) examined hip OA, and 6 studies (2244 cases, 5965 controls) investigated hand OA. Overall, our findings suggest that the GDF-5 + 104T>C polymorphism has a protectibe role in development of OA in global scale. Subgroup analyses by ethnicity indicated that this genetic variation provides protection against OA in Caucasian, Asian, and African populations. Further subgroup analysis based on the type of OA showed a decreased risk of knee and hand OA associated with this variation, but not for hip OA. Our combined data indicates that the GDF-5 + 104T>C polymorphism offers protection against the development of OA in general, as well as knee and hand OA. Nevertheless, there was no correlation found between this polymorphism and the development of hip OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Alijanpour
- General Practitioner, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Seyed Alireza Dastgheib
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Leila Azizi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Firoozgar General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirmasoud Shiri
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bahrami
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Aghasipour
- Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Somaye Miri
- Department of Biology, Ashkezar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ashkezar, Iran
| | - Kazem Aghili
- Department of Radiology, Shahid Rahnamoun Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Neamatzadeh
- Mother and Newborn Health Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sahel Khajehnoori
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Wang YP, Di WJ, Yang S, Qin SL, Xu YF, Han PF, Hou KD. The association of growth differentiation factor 5 rs143383 gene polymorphism with osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:763. [PMID: 37817264 PMCID: PMC10563324 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04245-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is caused by a complex set of pathophysiological factors. The genetic factors involved in the occurrence and progress of the disease have been widely discussed by scholars. It was found that growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) gene polymorphisms may be linked to OA susceptibility, which has been controversial and needs to be further confirmed by an updated meta-analysis. OBJECTIVES We examined the association between GDF5 rs143383 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and OA susceptibility. METHODS All relevant articles that met the criteria are retrieved and included, and the search deadline is June 2022. The allele frequencies and different genotype frequencies of GDF5 rs143383 loci in each study were extracted and statistically analyzed by R4.1.3 software, and the different genetic models were analyzed based on their odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS The meta-analysis explained that GDF5 rs143383 SNP was crucial correlated with OA in all patients with OA of knee, hip and hand. The codominant gene model in the whole crowd (OR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.07-1.27, P < 0.01) enlightened that OA was vitally associated with GDF5 gene polymorphism. At the same time, we did a subgroup analysis based on ethnicity. The codominant gene model (OR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.12-1.53, P < 0.01) in Asian population, the codominant homozygote model (OR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.14-1.43), codominant heterozygote gene model (OR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.01-1.23, P = 0.02), and dominant gene model (OR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.09-1.31, P < 0.01) in Caucasian are analyzed by subgroup analysis. It means that there is a momentous relationship between the GDF5rs143383 gene polymorphism and OA, especially among Caucasians. In addition, we also discussed different types of OA separately and discover that the GDF5rs143383 gene polymorphism was relevant for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and hand osteoarthritis, and it was more significant in the Caucasian population. But due to the high heterogeneity in hip osteoarthritis, it could not be accurately concluded. Furthermore, we also analyzed the osteoarthritis of different genders and found that the GDF5 rs143383 SNP was associated with both men and women and was still significant in the Caucasian population. CONCLUSION We found a close association between osteoarthritis and GDF5rs143383SNP in this study. From the analysis of each group, we got the same conclusion in KOA and hand OA, but which need further verification in hip OA. Considering gender, we found a close relationship between GDF5 rs143383 SNP and OA of the knee, hip and hand, both for men and women. This conclusion is more obvious in Caucasian people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Peng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital Pinggu Campus, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101200, China
| | - Wen-Jia Di
- Department of Graduate School, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014040, China
| | - Su Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Shi-Lei Qin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzhi Yunfeng Hospital, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Yun-Feng Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzhi Yunfeng Hospital, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Peng-Fei Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China.
| | - Ke-Dong Hou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital Pinggu Campus, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101200, China.
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Jia B, Jiang Y, Xu Y, Wang Y, Li T. Correlation between growth differentiation factor 5 (rs143383) gene polymorphism and knee osteoarthritis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:146. [PMID: 33608035 PMCID: PMC7893760 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02269-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A great deal of evidence has supported that growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) is associated with the occurrence of knee osteoarthritis (KOA), while their results are not consistent. In the present study, we aimed to explore the association between GDF5 gene polymorphism and KOA for a more credible conclusion. Methods Comprehensive literature searches were carried out in English databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science (WOS), and Cochrane, and Chinese databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WANFANG, and VIP database. After the data were extracted from the required studies, the odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined to assess the correlation between GDF5 gene polymorphism and KOA. The publication bias was evaluated by funnel plot. Results According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 15 studies on the correlation between GDF5 gene polymorphism and KOA occurrence were eligible for meta-analysis. Among these articles, four studies showed no apparent correlation, while the other 11 studies indicated an obvious correlation. Meanwhile, we also carried out a subgroup analysis of the population. Due to the inevitable heterogeneity, three genetic models were finally selected for analysis. With the allele model (C versus T: OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.73~0.87), recessive model (CC versus CT + TT: OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.68~0.86), and homozygous model (CC versus TT: OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.58~0.76), GDF5 gene polymorphism decreased the risk of KOA. Besides, a significant association was observed in Caucasians, Asians, and Africans. Meanwhile, the protective effect of genotype C (or CC) in the Asian group was little obvious than that in the Caucasian group and the African group. Although the quality of the included studies was above medium-quality, we obtained results with a low level of evidence. Conclusions The results of the meta-analysis showed that the genotype C (or CC) of GDF5 protected against KOA occurrence in Caucasian, Asian, and African populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Jia
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.,Medical Department of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Yaping Jiang
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yingxing Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.,Medical Department of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Yingzhen Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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Huang X, Zhang W, Shao Z. Association between GDF5 rs143383 genetic polymorphism and musculoskeletal degenerative diseases susceptibility: a meta-analysis. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2018; 19:169. [PMID: 30217184 PMCID: PMC6137727 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0685-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have assessed the association between GDF5 rs143383 polymorphism and the susceptibility of musculoskeletal degenerative diseases, such as intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and osteoarthritis (OA), but the results are inconsistent. The aim of our study was to evaluate the association between them comprehensively. METHODS A systematical search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases updated to April 20, 2018. Eligible studies about polymorphisms in GDF5 gene and risk of IDD or OA were included. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were utilized. RESULTS Fifteen studies with a total of 5915 cases and 12,252 controls were finally included in our study. Meta-analysis of GDF5 rs143383 polymorphism was statistically associated with increased risk of musculoskeletal degenerative diseases under each genetic model (allele model: OR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.19-1.48, P = 0.000; homozygote model: OR = 1.80, 95%CI 1.49-2.16, P = 0.000; heterozygote model: OR = 1.37, 95%CI 1.21-1.55, P = 0.000; dominant model: OR = 1.56, 95%CI 1.39-1.75, P = 0.000; recessive model: OR = 1.39, 95%CI 1.20-1.60, P = 0.000). Stratified analyses based on disease type showed a significant association between the GDF5 rs143383 polymorphism and increased risk of IDD and OA under all genetic models studied. When stratified with ethnicity, pooled outcomes revealed that this polymorphism was significantly related with increased risk of musculoskeletal degenerative diseases in both Asian and Caucasian populations under all genetic models studied. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that GDF5 rs143383 polymorphism was significantly associated with susceptibility to musculoskeletal degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Weiyue Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Yin Y, Wang Y. Association of BMP-14 rs143383 ploymorphism with its susceptibility to osteoarthritis: A meta-analysis and systematic review according to PRISMA guideline. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7447. [PMID: 29049177 PMCID: PMC5662343 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex disease which can be caused by both environmental and genetic factors. A functional locus rs143383 of bone morphogenetic protein-14 (BMP-14) has been pointed out to be associated with OA etiology, but conflicting conclusions have been reached. To provide a more comprehensive conclusion about this issue, we performed this meta-analysis. METHODS Relevant studies were searched from electronic databases including PubMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Embase, and Wanfang. The strength of correlations was examined with pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Subgroup analyses stratified by ethnicity and source of control were carried out. All statistical analyses were performed with STATA software (version 12.0). RESULTS Overall, BMP-14 rs143383 polymorphism was negatively correlated with the susceptibility to knee OA and hand OA under genetic contrasts of CC versus TT, CC + TC versus TT, CC versus TT + TC, C versus T, TC versus TT (OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.65-0.79; OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.73-0.89; OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.71-0.86; OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.81-0.90; OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.75-0.93), and TC versus TT, CC versus TT + TC, C versus T (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.65-0.89; OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.68-0.92; OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.85-0.95), respectively; similar results were observed in subgroups after stratification analyses. Additionally, the polymorphism also reduced hip OA risk in Asian group after stratified analysis by ethnicity. CONCLUSION BMP-14 rs143383 polymorphism may be a protective factor against OA occurrence.
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Jiang D, Hao Z, Fan D, Guo W, Xu P, Yin C, Wen S, Wang J. Association between GDF5 +104T/C polymorphism and knee osteoarthritis in Caucasian and Asian populations: a meta-analysis based on case-control studies. J Orthop Surg Res 2016; 11:104. [PMID: 27662846 PMCID: PMC5035499 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-016-0436-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease with a complex genetic background. Variants in growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) have been reported to be associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in several ethnic populations. The present study aimed to assess the association between the GDF5 +104T/C polymorphism and the susceptibility of the knee to OA through a meta-analysis of available case-control studies. Methods The PubMed and Science Direct citation databases were used to search electronic literature in order to identify studies published between January 2007 and July 2016 that evaluated the association between the GDF5 +104T/C polymorphism and the susceptibility of the knee to OA. Different genetic models were used to assess the pooled and stratified data. Results A positive association was found in all pooled studies (OR = 0.808, 95 % CI = 0.754–0.866, p < 0.001). Regarding genotypes, significant associations were found using a dominant model (OR = 0.777, 95 % CI = 0.708–0.852, p < 0.001), a recessive model (OR = 0.723, 95%CI = 0.623–0.839, p < 0.001), and an additive model (CC vs TT OR = 0.648, 95 % CI = 0.552–0.760, p < 0.001; CC vs CT OR = 0.801, 95 % CI = 0.685–0.936, p = 0.005). Meta-analysis data were stratified by ethnicity, and the GDF5 C allele was found to be positively associated with OA of the knee in both Caucasians and Asians, as were the GDF5 TC and CC genotypes. In addition, using an additive model, the CC genotype was found to be significantly associated with OA of the knee in both Caucasians and Asians when comparing CC vs TT genotypes, but not in Caucasians when comparing TT vs CT genotypes. Conclusions Meta-analysis results indicated that the GDF5 +104T/C polymorphism is a protective factor for OA among Caucasian and Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Jiang
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengtao Hao
- Department of Hand and Microsurgery II, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010030, China
| | - Dongsheng Fan
- Department of Hand and Microsurgery II, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010030, China
| | - Wen Guo
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Xu
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Yin
- Department of Hand and Microsurgery II, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010030, China
| | - Shuzheng Wen
- Department of Hand and Microsurgery II, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010030, China.
| | - Jihong Wang
- Department of Hand and Microsurgery II, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010030, China.
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Zhang R, Yao J, Xu P, Ji B, Luck JV, Chin B, Lu S, Kelsoe JR, Ma J. A comprehensive meta-analysis of association between genetic variants of GDF5 and osteoarthritis of the knee, hip and hand. Inflamm Res 2015; 64:405-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-015-0818-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Pan F, Tian J, Winzenberg T, Ding C, Jones G. Association between GDF5 rs143383 polymorphism and knee osteoarthritis: an updated meta-analysis based on 23,995 subjects. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2014; 15:404. [PMID: 25467786 PMCID: PMC4265459 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-15-404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies investigating the association between GDF5 rs143383 polymorphism and knee osteoarthritis (OA) have suggested stronger associations in Asians than Caucasians, but limitations on the amount of available data have meant that a definitive assessment has not been possible. Given the availability of more recent data, the aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the overall association between GDF5 rs143383 polymorphism and knee OA and whether the association varies by ethnicity. METHODS Searches of Medline, Embase, and ISI Web of Science were conducted up to July 2013. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the strength of association between the GDF5 polymorphism and knee OA risk. RESULTS A total of 20 studies with 23,995 individuals were included. There were weak but significant associations present between the GDF5 polymorphism and knee OA at the allele level (C vs. T: OR =0.85, 95% CI = 0.80-0.90) and genotype level (CC vs. TT: OR = 0.73; CT vs. TT: OR = 0.84; CC/CT vs. TT: OR = 0.81; CC vs. CT/TT OR = 0.81) in the overall population. In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, we observed a strong significant association (OR = 0.60 to 0.80, all P <0.05) in Asian population and weaker associations (OR =0.78 to 0.87, all P <0.05) in Caucasian population; however marked heterogeneity was detected in all models except for CC vs. TT (I2 = 12.9%) and CC vs. CT + TT (I2 = 0.0%) in Asians. CONCLUSIONS These results strongly suggest that the C allele and CC genotype of the GDF5 gene are protective for knee OA susceptibility across different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Pan
- Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
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HAO SHAOWEN, JIN QUNHUA. Association between the +104T/C polymorphism in the 5′UTR of GDF5 and susceptibility to knee osteoarthritis: A meta-analysis. Mol Med Rep 2012; 7:485-8. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2012.1179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Tawonsawatruk T, Changthong T, Pingsuthiwong S, Trachoo O, Sura T, Wajanavisit W. A genetic association study between growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF 5) polymorphism and knee osteoarthritis in Thai population. J Orthop Surg Res 2011; 6:47. [PMID: 21936909 PMCID: PMC3189142 DOI: 10.1186/1749-799x-6-47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multi-factorial disease and genetic factor is one of the important etiologic risk factors. Various genetic polymorphisms have been elucidated that they might be associated with OA. Recently, several studies have shown an association between Growth Differentiation Factor 5(GDF5) polymorphism and knee OA. However, the role of genetic predisposing factor in each ethnic group cannot be replicated to all, with conflicting data in the literatures. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between GDF5 polymorphism and knee OA in Thai population. Materials and Methods One hundred and ninety three patients aged 54-88 years who attended Ramathibodi Hospital were enrolled. Ninety cases with knee OA according to American College of Rheumatology criteria and one hundred and three cases in control group gave informed consent. Blood sample (5 ml) were collected for identification of GDF5 (rs143383) single nucleotide polymorphism by PCR/RFLP according to a standard protocol. This study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee on human experimentation of Ramathibodi Hospital Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for the risk of knee OA by genotype (TT, TC and CC) and allele (T/C) analyses. Results The baseline characteristics between two groups including job, smoking and activity were not different, except age and BMI. The entire cases and controls were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p > 0.05). The OA knee group (n = 90) had genotypic figure which has shown by TT 42.2% (n = 38), TC 45.6% (n = 41) and CC 12% (n = 11), whereas the control group (n = 103) revealed TT 32% (n = 33), TC 45.6% (n = 47), and CC 22.3% (n = 23), respectively. Genotypic TT increased risk of knee OA as compared to CC [OR = 2.41 (P = 0.04, 95%CI = 1.02-5.67)]. In the allele analysis, the T allele was found to be significantly associated with knee OA [OR = 1.53 (P = 0.043, 95%CI = 1.01-2.30)]. Conclusion These data suggested that GDF5 polymorphism has an association with knee OA in Thai ethnic. This finding also supports the hypothesis that OA has an important genetic component in its etiology, and GDF5 protein might play important role in the pathophysiology of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulyapruek Tawonsawatruk
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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