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Fu X, Zhang H, Chen Z, Yang Z, Shi D, Liu T, Chen W, Yao F, Su X, Deng W, Chen M, Yang A. TFAP2B overexpression contributes to tumor growth and progression of thyroid cancer through the COX-2 signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:397. [PMID: 31113934 PMCID: PMC6529436 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1600-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is commonly seen in the clinic with a rapidly increasing incidence globally. COX-2 overexpression correlates with the pathologic type of thyroid carcinoma, and it has been suggested that COX-2 overexpression is associated with a poor prognosis. However, little is known about its upstream regulatory mechanism. Bioinformatics suggested that transcription factor AP-2 beta (TFAP2B) might specifically bind to the COX-2 promoter, which was confirmed by biotin-labeled COX-2 promoter pulldown and luciferase reporter assays. We performed western blot and immunohistochemical staining to detect the expression of TFAP2B/COX-2 in thyroid cancer tissues (T) and the matched adjacent noncarcinoma tissues (ANT), and investigated the relationship between TFAP2B/COX-2 expression and clinical pathological factors in thyroid cancer patients. Afterward, MTS, colony formation, cell-apoptosis assay, transwell-invasion and scratch assays were performed to examine the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration of thyroid cancer cells with TFAP2B knocked down or overexpressed. The mouse xenograft experiment was performed to study in vivo the proliferation of thyroid cancer cells with TFAP2B knocked down or overexpressed. We found that TFAP2B bound to the promoter of COX-2 to activate its expression. Western blot and immunohistochemistry showed that TFAP2B/COX-2 was highly expressed in thyroid cancer, and high TFAP2B and COX-2 expression was associated with aggressive clinicopathological features in thyroid cancer. TFAP2B mediated thyroid cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration via the COX-2 signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. TFAP2B bound to the promoter of COX-2 to activate its expression, indicating that TFAP2B is a critical regulatory molecule in the COX-2 signaling pathway that promoted tumor progression in thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Fu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huayong Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongyuan Yang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dingbo Shi
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianrun Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weichao Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Yao
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuan Su
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wuguo Deng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Miao Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ankui Yang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Mahmoudian-Sani MR, Alghasi A, Saeedi-Boroujeni A, Jalali A, Jamshidi M, Khodadadi A. Survivin as a diagnostic and therapeutic marker for thyroid cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:619-625. [PMID: 30683476 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is known as the most prevalent form of endocrine malignancy. With regard to high heterogeneity of the nodules, problem of discriminating between benign and malignant ones in terms of pathological characteristics, as well as lack of appropriate molecular markers; significant efforts are being made to identify molecular markers that able to detect tumorous lesions. Survivin, the newest member of the family of proteins inhibiting cell apoptosis, has been recently considered as a novel molecule marker for cancer. Studies on TC have also demonstrated distinctive expression of survivin and its splice variants in cancer cells compared to normal ones. Therefore, detection of survivin expression and its new splice variants can be utilized to identify tumor nodules and distinguish them from non-cancerous ones, along with other routine laboratory methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Reza Mahmoudian-Sani
- Research Center of Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Arash Alghasi
- Research Center of Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Akram Jalali
- Department of Genetic & Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jamshidi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, khorramabad, Iran
| | - Ali Khodadadi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Perisa MM, Sarcevic B, Troselj KG, Grsic K, Sitic S, Seiwerth S. Expression of nm23-H1 and COX-2 in thyroid papillary carcinoma and microcarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3547-3555. [PMID: 28521457 PMCID: PMC5431143 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of non-metastatic expressed/non-metastatic 23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1 (nm23-H1) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) proteins in thyroid carcinoma have been analysed in a number of previous studies, but this requires further study. The current study focused on the expression levels of nm23-H1 and COX-2 in 130 human thyroid papillary carcinoma (PTC) tissues. Of the 130 PTC tissues, 55 were classified as microcarcinoma and may provide information on the development of the specific characteristics of this tumour type. Routine histopathological examination and immunohistochemical detection of nm23-H1 and COX-2 expression was performed on 130 PTC tissues from patients treated in the Clinical Hospital for Tumours (Zagreb, Croatia) between January 2000 and December 2007. The stain intensity of nm23-H1 and COX-2 proteins was compared with the characteristics of the patients and the tumour. The highest overall expression rate of nm23-H1 and COX-2 was 90 and 67.6%, respectively, and the joint expression of these proteins was statistically significant. The median expression level of nm23-H1 was significantly increased in the classical and follicular histological group of the PTC tissues compared with tissues from other histological groups. The median expression level of COX-2 was significantly increased in the follicular histological group, and reduced in the diffuse-sclerosing group of PTC tissues. All the metastatic microcarcinoma tissues had increased expression levels of the two proteins in comparison with microcarcinoma tissues without lymph node metastases; however, this variation was only statistically significant for COX-2 expression levels. Therefore the results of the current study indicate that COX-2 protein levels may be able to differentiate which thyroid papillary microcarcinoma tumours possess metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Milkovic Perisa
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University Hospital for Tumours, Sisters of Charity Clinical Hospital Center, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Bozena Sarcevic
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University Hospital for Tumours, Sisters of Charity Clinical Hospital Center, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Koraljka Gall Troselj
- Laboratory for Epigenomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Kresimir Grsic
- Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, University Hospital for Tumours, Sisters of Charity Clinical Hospital Center, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Sanda Sitic
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University Hospital for Tumours, Sisters of Charity Clinical Hospital Center, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Sven Seiwerth
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
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Jang MH, Jung KC, Min HS. The Diagnostic Usefulness of HMGA2, Survivin, CEACAM6, and SFN/14-3-3 δ in Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma. J Pathol Transl Med 2015; 49:112-7. [PMID: 25812733 PMCID: PMC4367106 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2015.01.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is the second most common thyroid malignancy and its differential diagnosis includes follicular adenoma (FA) and adenomatous goiter (AG). Several ancillary markers have been suggested to aid in the diagnosis of FTC, but the successful use of these methods still needs to be validated. Methods: In the present study, we verified the immunoexpression of HMGA2, CEACAM6, survivin, and SFN/14-3-3 δ in lesions including 41 AGs, 72 FAs, and 79 FTCs. We evaluated their diagnostic usefulness, combined with galectin 3, Hector Battifora mesothelial 1 (HBME1), cytokeratin 19, and cyclin D1, in diagnosing FTC. Results: The expressions of HBME1 (65.8%) and HMGA2 (55.7%) were significantly higher in FTCs than in FAs and AGs (p<.001 and p=.005, respectively). HBME1 was the only marker that was more frequently expressed in FTCs than in FAs (p=.021) and it was more frequently expressed in follicular neoplasms than in AGs (p<.001). Among the novel markers, the combination of HMGA2 and HBME1 showed the highest sensitivity (72.2%) and specificity (76.1%) for diagnosing FTC. CEACAM6, survivin, and SFN/14-3-3 δ were barely expressed in most cases. Conclusions: Our present results show that only HMGA2 can be beneficial in differentiating FTC using the novel markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hye Jang
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea ; Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeong Cheon Jung
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Sook Min
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Selemetjev S, Dencic TI, Marecko I, Jankovic J, Paunovic I, Savin S, Cvejic D. Evaluation of survivin expression and its prognostic value in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2013; 210:30-4. [PMID: 24199968 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis protein, has been found in a variety of human cancers, and is associated with tumor aggressiveness. In this study, we analyzed the expression of survivin in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and evaluated its clinical significance for predicting an aggressive course of disease at the time of diagnosis. Survivin expression was determined by immunohistochemistry in 104 tissue specimens of PTC, confirmed by Western blot and correlated with clinicopathological parameters. Of the tumors examined, 74 (71.15%) showed high cytoplasmic survivin expression. There was no association between high survivin expression and age, gender or tumor size. On the other hand, it was closely correlated with the presence of lymph node metastasis (P=0.009), and there was a tendency for correlation with extrathyroidal invasion (P=0.062). The high risk PTC group (TNM stage III-IV) was associated with high levels of survivin (P=0.027). These results indicate that survivin is an unfavorable molecule for PTC prognosis, and that its high expression may indicate a subset of PTC patients with a more aggressive disease course. Evaluation of its expression in fine needle aspiration samples could be a useful tool for the identification of those PTC patients who require more extensive surgery, careful follow-up and therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Selemetjev
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy - INEP, University of Belgrade, 11080 Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana Isic Dencic
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy - INEP, University of Belgrade, 11080 Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ilona Marecko
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy - INEP, University of Belgrade, 11080 Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Jankovic
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy - INEP, University of Belgrade, 11080 Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Paunovic
- Centre for Endocrine Surgery, Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Diseases of Metabolism, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana Savin
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy - INEP, University of Belgrade, 11080 Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dubravka Cvejic
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy - INEP, University of Belgrade, 11080 Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia.
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