1
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Abd El-Sadek I, Morishita R, Mori T, Makita S, Mukherjee P, Matsusaka S, Yasuno Y. Label-free visualization and quantification of the drug-type-dependent response of tumor spheroids by dynamic optical coherence tomography. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3366. [PMID: 38336794 PMCID: PMC10858208 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53171-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate label-free dynamic optical coherence tomography (D-OCT)-based visualization and quantitative assessment of patterns of tumor spheroid response to three anti-cancer drugs. The study involved treating human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7 cell-line) with paclitaxel (PTX), tamoxifen citrate (TAM), and doxorubicin (DOX) at concentrations of 0 (control), 0.1, 1, and 10 µM for 1, 3, and 6 days. In addition, fluorescence microscopy imaging was performed for reference. The D-OCT imaging was performed using a custom-built OCT device. Two algorithms, namely logarithmic intensity variance (LIV) and late OCT correlation decay speed (OCDS[Formula: see text]) were used to visualize the tissue dynamics. The spheroids treated with 0.1 and 1 µM TAM appeared similar to the control spheroid, whereas those treated with 10 µM TAM had significant structural corruption and decreasing LIV and OCDS[Formula: see text] over treatment time. The spheroids treated with PTX had decreasing volumes and decrease of LIV and OCDS[Formula: see text] signals over time at most PTX concentrations. The spheroids treated with DOX had decreasing and increasing volumes over time at DOX concentrations of 1 and 10 µM, respectively. Meanwhile, the LIV and OCDS[Formula: see text] signals decreased over treatment time at all DOX concentrations. The D-OCT, particularly OCDS[Formula: see text], patterns were consistent with the fluorescence microscopic patterns. The diversity in the structural and D-OCT results among the drug types and among the concentrations are explained by the mechanisms of the drugs. The presented results suggest that D-OCT is useful for evaluating the difference in the tumor spheroid response to different drugs and it can be a useful tool for anti-cancer drug testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Abd El-Sadek
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta City, Damietta, 34517, Egypt
| | - Rion Morishita
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
| | - Tomoko Mori
- Clinical Research and Regional Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Shuichi Makita
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
| | - Pradipta Mukherjee
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
| | - Satoshi Matsusaka
- Clinical Research and Regional Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Yasuno
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan.
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2
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Singhania P, Dash D, Dhar A, Biswas P, Gargari P, Bhattacharjee R, Chowdhury S, Datta D, Banerjee E. Aromatase deficiency in a tall man: Case report of two novel mutations and review of literature. Bone Rep 2022; 17:101642. [PMID: 36504506 PMCID: PMC9732115 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2022.101642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aromatase (CYP19A1) is the only enzyme known to catalyse the conversion of androgen to estrogen. Aromatase deficiency occurs due to mutation in CYP19A1gene which has an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. It leads to decrease in estrogen synthesis and delayed epiphyseal closure, eunuchoid habitus and osteopenia. We are presenting here, a 24 years old male, with history of progressive increase in height and knock knees. X-ray showed open wrist and knee epiphysis. The serum testosterone level was normal and serum estradiol level was undetectable. Semen analysis showed azoospermia. Clinical exome sequencing gave two novel mutations in CYP19A1. The first variant was a novel single nucleotide deletion of thiamine at 570th base of the cDNA (c.570delT) of CYP19A1 gene. The second variant detected was again a novel one in the same gene in Exon 5 corresponding 344th base of the cDNA (c344G>A) resulting in a missense mutation of 115th arginine to glutamine in the protein. Sanger sequencing showed that the later mutation was inherited from the father. The patient was started on oral estradiol valerate for epiphyseal closure to prevent further increase in height. Only 15 mutations have been reported in the aromatase gene in males till date, our report of these novel mutations will be an add-on to the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Singhania
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research/SSKM Hospital, 244, AJC Bose Road, Kolkata 700020, West Bengal, India,Corresponding author.
| | - Debasish Dash
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research/SSKM Hospital, 244, AJC Bose Road, Kolkata 700020, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhranil Dhar
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research/SSKM Hospital, 244, AJC Bose Road, Kolkata 700020, West Bengal, India
| | - Pritam Biswas
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research/SSKM Hospital, 244, AJC Bose Road, Kolkata 700020, West Bengal, India
| | - Piyas Gargari
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research/SSKM Hospital, 244, AJC Bose Road, Kolkata 700020, West Bengal, India
| | - Rana Bhattacharjee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research/SSKM Hospital, 244, AJC Bose Road, Kolkata 700020, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhankar Chowdhury
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research/SSKM Hospital, 244, AJC Bose Road, Kolkata 700020, West Bengal, India
| | - Dipanjana Datta
- Institute of Child Health, Kolkata, India,Organization of Rare Disease, Bengaluru, India
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3
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Bennett AN, Huang RX, He Q, Lee NP, Sung WK, Chan KHK. Drug repositioning for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:991842. [PMID: 36246638 PMCID: PMC9554346 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.991842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) remains a significant challenge globally, having the 8th highest incidence and 6th highest mortality worldwide. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most common form of EC in Asia. Crucially, more than 90% of EC cases in China are ESCC. The high mortality rate of EC is likely due to the limited number of effective therapeutic options. To increase patient survival, novel therapeutic strategies for EC patients must be devised. Unfortunately, the development of novel drugs also presents its own significant challenges as most novel drugs do not make it to market due to lack of efficacy or safety concerns. A more time and cost-effective strategy is to identify existing drugs, that have already been approved for treatment of other diseases, which can be repurposed to treat EC patients, with drug repositioning. This can be achieved by comparing the gene expression profiles of disease-states with the effect on gene-expression by a given drug. In our analysis, we used previously published microarray data and identified 167 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Using weighted key driver analysis, 39 key driver genes were then identified. These driver genes were then used in Overlap Analysis and Network Analysis in Pharmomics. By extracting drugs common to both analyses, 24 drugs are predicted to demonstrate therapeutic effect in EC patients. Several of which have already been shown to demonstrate a therapeutic effect in EC, most notably Doxorubicin, which is commonly used to treat EC patients, and Ixazomib, which was recently shown to induce apoptosis and supress growth of EC cell lines. Additionally, our analysis predicts multiple psychiatric drugs, including Venlafaxine, as repositioned drugs. This is in line with recent research which suggests that psychiatric drugs should be investigated for use in gastrointestinal cancers such as EC. Our study shows that a drug repositioning approach is a feasible strategy for identifying novel ESCC therapies and can also improve the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam N. Bennett
- Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rui Xuan Huang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qian He
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Nikki P. Lee
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing-Kin Sung
- Department of Computer Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kei Hang Katie Chan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Centre for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- *Correspondence: Kei Hang Katie Chan,
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4
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Karami Fath M, Azargoonjahromi A, Kiani A, Jalalifar F, Osati P, Akbari Oryani M, Shakeri F, Nasirzadeh F, Khalesi B, Nabi-Afjadi M, Zalpoor H, Mard-Soltani M, Payandeh Z. The role of epigenetic modifications in drug resistance and treatment of breast cancer. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:52. [PMID: 35764927 PMCID: PMC9238060 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00344-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is defined as a biological and molecular heterogeneous disorder that originates from breast cells. Genetic predisposition is the most important factor giving rise to this malignancy. The most notable mutations in breast cancer occur in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Owing to disease heterogeneity, lack of therapeutic target, anti-cancer drug resistance, residual disease, and recurrence, researchers are faced with challenges in developing strategies to treat patients with breast cancer. Results It has recently been reported that epigenetic processes such as DNA methylation and histone modification, as well as microRNAs (miRNAs), have potently contributed to the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of breast cancer. These observations have persuaded researchers to move their therapeutic approaches beyond the genetic framework toward the epigenetic concept. Conclusion Herein we discuss the molecular and epigenetic mechanisms underlying breast cancer progression and resistance as well as various aspects of epigenetic-based therapies as monotherapy and combined with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Karami Fath
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Arash Kiani
- Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Fateme Jalalifar
- School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Parisa Osati
- Chemical Engineering Department, Fouman Faculty of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Fouman, Iran
| | - Mahsa Akbari Oryani
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fateh Shakeri
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Nasirzadeh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behman Khalesi
- Department of Research and Production of Poultry Viral Vaccine, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maysam Mard-Soltani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.
| | - Zahra Payandeh
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division Medical Inflammation Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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5
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Shamanth S, Nagarakere SC, Sagar KS, Narayana Y, Mamatha M, Rangappa KS, Kempegowda M. T3P mediated intramolecular rearrangement of o-aminobenzamide to o-ureidobenzonitrile using isothiocyanates. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2021.1873384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandhya C. Nagarakere
- PG Department of Studies in Chemistry and Research Centre, St. Philomena’s College, Mysuru, India
| | - Kunigal S. Sagar
- DOS in Chemistry, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
| | - Yatheesh Narayana
- DOS in Chemistry, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
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6
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Gilvary C, Elkhader J, Madhukar N, Henchcliffe C, Goncalves MD, Elemento O. A machine learning and network framework to discover new indications for small molecules. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1008098. [PMID: 32764756 PMCID: PMC7437923 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug repurposing, identifying novel indications for drugs, bypasses common drug development pitfalls to ultimately deliver therapies to patients faster. However, most repurposing discoveries have been led by anecdotal observations (e.g. Viagra) or experimental-based repurposing screens, which are costly, time-consuming, and imprecise. Recently, more systematic computational approaches have been proposed, however these rely on utilizing the information from the diseases a drug is already approved to treat. This inherently limits the algorithms, making them unusable for investigational molecules. Here, we present a computational approach to drug repurposing, CATNIP, that requires only biological and chemical information of a molecule. CATNIP is trained with 2,576 diverse small molecules and uses 16 different drug similarity features, such as structural, target, or pathway based similarity. This model obtains significant predictive power (AUC = 0.841). Using our model, we created a repurposing network to identify broad scale repurposing opportunities between drug types. By exploiting this network, we identified literature-supported repurposing candidates, such as the use of systemic hormonal preparations for the treatment of respiratory illnesses. Furthermore, we demonstrated that we can use our approach to identify novel uses for defined drug classes. We found that adrenergic uptake inhibitors, specifically amitriptyline and trimipramine, could be potential therapies for Parkinson's disease. Additionally, using CATNIP, we predicted the kinase inhibitor, vandetanib, as a possible treatment for Type 2 Diabetes. Overall, this systematic approach to drug repurposing lays the groundwork to streamline future drug development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coryandar Gilvary
- HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Dept. of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jamal Elkhader
- HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Dept. of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Neel Madhukar
- OneThree Biotech, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Claire Henchcliffe
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Marcus D. Goncalves
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Olivier Elemento
- HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Dept. of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- OneThree Biotech, New York, New York, United States of America
- WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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7
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Rampogu S, Baek A, Bavi R, Son M, Cao GP, Kumar R, Park C, Zeb A, Rana RM, Park SJ, Lee KW. Identification of Novel Scaffolds with Dual Role as Antiepileptic and Anti-Breast Cancer. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2019; 16:1663-1674. [PMID: 30334765 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2018.2855138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aromatase inhibitors with an $\mathrm{IC}_{50}$ IC 50 value ranging from 1.4 to 49.7 µM are known to act as antiepileptic drugs besides being potential breast cancer inhibitors. The aim of the present study is to identify novel antiepileptic aromatase inhibitors with higher activity exploiting the ligand-based pharmacophore approach utilizing the experimentally known inhibitors. The resultant Hypo1 consists of four features and was further validated by using three different strategies. Hypo1 was allowed to screen different databases to identify lead molecules and were further subjected to Lipinski's Rule of Five and ADMET to establish their drug-like properties. Consequently, the obtained 68-screened molecules were subjected to molecular docking by GOLD v5.2.2. Furthermore, the compounds with the highest dock scores were assessed for molecular interactions. Later, the MD simulation was applied to evaluate the protein backbone stabilities and binding energies adapting GROMACS v5.0.6 and MM/PBSA which was followed by the density functional theory (DFT), to analyze their orbital energies, and further the energy gap between them. Eventually, the number of Hit molecules was culled to three projecting Hit1, Hit2, and Hit3 as the potential lead compounds based on their highest dock scores, hydrogen bond interaction, lowest energy gap, and the least binding energies and stable MD results.
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8
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Talbi I, Efrit ML, Touil S. Efficient New Protocols for Converting Primary Amides into Nitriles Initiated by P(NMe 2) 3, PCl 3, or P(OPh) 3. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:5078-5082. [PMID: 31458722 PMCID: PMC6641971 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Three efficient and high-yielding procedures have been developed for the conversion of primary amides into nitriles, mediated by hitherto unexplored P(NMe2)3, PCl3, or P(OPh)3. The reactions were conducted under operationally simple and mild conditions and displayed broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Talbi
- Laboratory
of Heteroatom Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Lotfi Efrit
- Laboratoire
de Synthèse Organique Sélective et Hétérocyclique-Evaluation
de l’Activité Biologique, Faculté des Sciences
de Tunis, Université de Tunis El
Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Soufiane Touil
- Laboratory
of Heteroatom Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
- E-mail: . Phone: (+216)72590906. Fax: (+216)72590566
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9
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Alyafee YA, Alaamery M, Bawazeer S, Almutairi MS, Alghamdi B, Alomran N, Sheereen A, Daghestani M, Massadeh S. Preparation of anastrozole loaded PEG-PLA nanoparticles: evaluation of apoptotic response of breast cancer cell lines. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 13:199-208. [PMID: 29343958 PMCID: PMC5749378 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s151139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Anastrozole (ANS) is an aromatase inhibitor that is widely used as a treatment for breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Despite the wide use of ANS, it is associated with serious side effects due to uncontrolled delivery. In addition, ANS exhibits low solubility and short plasma half-life. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery has the potential to enhance the efficacy of drugs and overcome undesirable side effects. In this study, we aimed to prepare novel ANS-loaded PLA-PEG-PLA nanoparticles (ANS-NPs) and to compare the apoptotic response of MCF-7 cell line to both ANS and ANS-loaded NPs. Method ANS-NPs were synthesized using double emulsion method and characterized using different methods. The apoptotic response was evaluated by assessing cell viability, morphology, and studying changes in the expression of MAPK3, MCL1, and c-MYC apoptotic genes in MCF-7 cell lines. Results ANS was successfully encapsulated within PLA-PEG-PLA, forming monodisperse therapeutic NPs with an encapsulation efficiency of 67%, particle size of 186±27.13, and a polydispersity index of 0.26±0.11 with a sustained release profile extended over 144 hours. In addition, results for cell viability and for gene expression represent a similar apoptotic response between the free ANS and ANS-NPs. Conclusion The synthesized ANS-NPs showed a similar therapeutic effect as the free ANS, which provides a rationale to pursue pre-clinical evaluation of ANS-NPs on animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusra A Alyafee
- Developmental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Zoology/College of Science/King Saud University (KSU), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Alaamery
- Developmental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahad Bawazeer
- Developmental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour S Almutairi
- Developmental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Badr Alghamdi
- Developmental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf Alomran
- Developmental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Atia Sheereen
- Developmental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Daghestani
- Department of Zoology/College of Science/King Saud University (KSU), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Salam Massadeh
- Developmental Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King AbdulAziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard, Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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10
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Berteotti A, Vacondio F, Lodola A, Bassi M, Silva C, Mor M, Cavalli A. Predicting the reactivity of nitrile-carrying compounds with cysteine: a combined computational and experimental study. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:501-5. [PMID: 24900869 DOI: 10.1021/ml400489b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report on a mechanistic investigation based on DFT calculations and kinetic measures aimed at determining the energetics related to the cysteine nucleophilic attack on nitrile-carrying compounds. Activation energies were found to correlate well with experimental kinetic measures of reactivity with cysteine in phosphate buffer. The agreement between computations and experiments points to this DFT-based approach as a tool for predicting both nitrile reactivity toward cysteines and the toxicity of nitriles as electrophile agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Berteotti
- Drug
Discovery and Development, Italian Institute of Technology, via Morego
30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Vacondio
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area
delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Alessio Lodola
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area
delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Michele Bassi
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area
delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Claudia Silva
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area
delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Mor
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area
delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Drug
Discovery and Development, Italian Institute of Technology, via Morego
30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro
6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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11
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Suh KS, Sarojini S, Youssif M, Nalley K, Milinovikj N, Elloumi F, Russell S, Pecora A, Schecter E, Goy A. Tissue banking, bioinformatics, and electronic medical records: the front-end requirements for personalized medicine. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2013; 2013:368751. [PMID: 23818899 PMCID: PMC3683471 DOI: 10.1155/2013/368751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Personalized medicine promises patient-tailored treatments that enhance patient care and decrease overall treatment costs by focusing on genetics and "-omics" data obtained from patient biospecimens and records to guide therapy choices that generate good clinical outcomes. The approach relies on diagnostic and prognostic use of novel biomarkers discovered through combinations of tissue banking, bioinformatics, and electronic medical records (EMRs). The analytical power of bioinformatic platforms combined with patient clinical data from EMRs can reveal potential biomarkers and clinical phenotypes that allow researchers to develop experimental strategies using selected patient biospecimens stored in tissue banks. For cancer, high-quality biospecimens collected at diagnosis, first relapse, and various treatment stages provide crucial resources for study designs. To enlarge biospecimen collections, patient education regarding the value of specimen donation is vital. One approach for increasing consent is to offer publically available illustrations and game-like engagements demonstrating how wider sample availability facilitates development of novel therapies. The critical value of tissue bank samples, bioinformatics, and EMR in the early stages of the biomarker discovery process for personalized medicine is often overlooked. The data obtained also require cross-disciplinary collaborations to translate experimental results into clinical practice and diagnostic and prognostic use in personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Stephen Suh
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack, University Medical Center, D. Jurist Research Building, 40 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, NJ 07601, USA
| | - Sreeja Sarojini
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack, University Medical Center, D. Jurist Research Building, 40 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, NJ 07601, USA
| | - Maher Youssif
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack, University Medical Center, D. Jurist Research Building, 40 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, NJ 07601, USA
| | - Kip Nalley
- Sophic Systems Alliance Inc., 20271 Goldenrod Lane, Germantown, MD 20876, USA
| | - Natasha Milinovikj
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack, University Medical Center, D. Jurist Research Building, 40 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, NJ 07601, USA
| | - Fathi Elloumi
- Sophic Systems Alliance Inc., 20271 Goldenrod Lane, Germantown, MD 20876, USA
| | - Steven Russell
- Siemens Corporate Research, IT Platforms, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Andrew Pecora
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack, University Medical Center, D. Jurist Research Building, 40 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, NJ 07601, USA
| | | | - Andre Goy
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack, University Medical Center, D. Jurist Research Building, 40 Prospect Avenue, Hackensack, NJ 07601, USA
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12
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Khan SI, Zhao J, Khan IA, Walker LA, Dasmahapatra AK. Potential utility of natural products as regulators of breast cancer-associated aromatase promoters. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2011; 9:91. [PMID: 21693041 PMCID: PMC3142499 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-9-91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aromatase, the key enzyme in estrogen biosynthesis, converts androstenedione to estrone and testosterone to estradiol. The enzyme is expressed in various tissues such as ovary, placenta, bone, brain, skin, and adipose tissue. Aromatase enzyme is encoded by a single gene CYP 19A1 and its expression is controlled by tissue-specific promoters. Aromatase mRNA is primarily transcribed from promoter I.4 in normal breast tissue and physiological levels of aromatase are found in breast adipose stromal fibroblasts. Under the conditions of breast cancer, as a result of the activation of a distinct set of aromatase promoters (I.3, II, and I.7) aromatase expression is enhanced leading to local overproduction of estrogen that promotes breast cancer. Aromatase is considered as a potential target for endocrine treatment of breast cancer but due to nonspecific reduction of aromatase activity in other tissues, aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are associated with undesirable side effects such as bone loss, and abnormal lipid metabolism. Inhibition of aromatase expression by inactivating breast tumor-specific aromatase promoters can selectively block estrogen production at the tumor site. Although several synthetic chemical compounds and nuclear receptor ligands are known to inhibit the activity of the tumor-specific aromatase promoters, further development of more specific and efficacious drugs without adverse effects is still warranted. Plants are rich in chemopreventive agents that have a great potential to be used in chemotherapy for hormone dependent breast cancer which could serve as a source for natural AIs. In this brief review, we summarize the studies on phytochemicals such as biochanin A, genistein, quercetin, isoliquiritigenin, resveratrol, and grape seed extracts related to their effect on the activation of breast cancer-associated aromatase promoters and discuss their aromatase inhibitory potential to be used as safer chemotherapeutic agents for specific hormone-dependent breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabana I Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Jianping Zhao
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Ikhlas A Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Larry A Walker
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
- University of Mississippi Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Asok K Dasmahapatra
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
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Fleming FF, Yao L, Ravikumar PC, Funk L, Shook BC. Nitrile-containing pharmaceuticals: efficacious roles of the nitrile pharmacophore. J Med Chem 2010; 53:7902-17. [PMID: 20804202 PMCID: PMC2988972 DOI: 10.1021/jm100762r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1119] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fraser F Fleming
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282-1530, USA.
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