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Yang G, Yin Q, Wang W, Xu S, Liu H. Prognostic role of CRABP2 in lung cancer: a meta-analysis. J Cardiothorac Surg 2024; 19:366. [PMID: 38915108 PMCID: PMC11194904 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-02887-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic value of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 (CRABP2), in lung cancer patients remains to be uncertained. Therefore, our research attempted to assess the relationship between CRABP2 and survival analysis in lung cancer patients through meta-analysis. METHOD Related literature retrieved from Cochrane Library, Ovid, Embase, PubMed, the CNKI, and the Web of Science. The latest update of the search was May 1, 2023. The outcome indicators included as effective measures in the study were hazard ratio (HR), and 95% confidence interval (CI). The Stata 12.0 software was used to analyze the data. RESULTS A total of4 studies were finally enrolled in our meta-analysis. The increased plasma level of CRABP2 predicted poor OS in lung cancer patient with a combined HR of 1.14 (95% CI: 1.00-1.30), and were not associated with poor PFS with combined HR: 1.15% CI: 0.63-2.09) in lung cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis found the increased plasma level of CRABP2 was associated with poor OS independently in NSCLC patients. The plasma CRABP2 level may be an indicator of biological aggressiveness of the tumor. Our research was promising regarding the feasibility and utility of plasma CRABP2 as a novel prognostic biomarker in NSCLC, and the findings warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Street, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qifan Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei Provincal General Hospital, No.348,West He-Ping Road, XinHua District, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhao Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Street, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Siwei Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Street, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Huining Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 89 Donggang Street, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China.
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Cortés-Malagón EM, Gariglio P, Sierra-Martínez M, Bonilla-Delgado J. Retinoids: Molecular Aspects and Treatment in Premalignant Lesions and Cervical Cancer. Cancer Control 2024; 31:10732748241279514. [PMID: 39163121 PMCID: PMC11337187 DOI: 10.1177/10732748241279514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus remains the primary factor associated with the progression of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions and the development of cervical cancer. Nevertheless, a combination of factors, including genetic predisposition, immune response, hormonal influences, and nutritional status, contribute synergistically to the development of cervical cancer. Among the various factors involved in the pathogenesis and therapy of cervical cancer, retinoids have gained considerable attention due to their multifaceted roles in different cellular processes. This review investigates defects within the vitamin A metabolism pathway and their correlation with cervical cancer. Additionally, it integrates epidemiological and experimental findings to discuss the potential utility of retinoid-based therapies, either alone or combined with other therapies, as agents against premalignant lesions and cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enoc Mariano Cortés-Malagón
- Research Division, Hospital Juárez de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Genetic Laboratory, Hospital Nacional Homeopático, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Patricio Gariglio
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Mónica Sierra-Martínez
- Research Unit, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, IMSS-BINESTAR, Ixtapaluca, Mexico
| | - José Bonilla-Delgado
- Research Unit, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, IMSS-BINESTAR, Ixtapaluca, Mexico
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3
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Zeng S, Xu Z, Liang Q, Thakur A, Liu Y, Zhou S, Yan Y. The prognostic gene CRABP2 affects drug sensitivity by regulating docetaxel-induced apoptosis in breast invasive carcinoma: A pan-cancer analysis. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 373:110372. [PMID: 36736488 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 (CRABP2), a specific transporter of retinoic acid, has been shown to have an important biological role in human cancers. However, due to the substantial variability among different tumors, the role of CRABP2 remains uncertain and has not yet been subjected to systematic analysis. Utilizing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC), Human Protein Atlas (HPA), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2), Kaplan-Meier Plotter, Biomarker Exploration of Solid Tumors (BEST), Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), Receiver Operating Characteristic plotter (ROC plotter), and other online public tools, expression levels of CRABP2 in breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OV) were found to be significantly greater than those in adjacent normal tissues, suggesting a correlation to poor prognosis. Among the three, CRABP2 expression in BRCA was most closely associated with clinical prognosis. In a study of docetaxel-treated BRCA patients, CRABP2 expression was significantly higher in the drug-resistant group. Colony formation and flow cytometry analysis were used to further investigate the relationship between CRABP2 and docetaxel sensitivity in BRCA cells MDA-MB-231and BT549. The knockdown of CRABP2 expression significantly reduced cell growth and increased sensitivity to the chemotherapeutic agent docetaxel in BRCA cells. Furthermore, CRABP2 knockdown augmented docetaxel-induced apoptosis. Molecular docking using SwissDock tool revealed that CRABP2 had a greater binding affinity to docetaxel than docetaxel-targeted proteins. This research provides an insight into the expression and prognostic potential of CRABP2 in cancers and suggests that CRABP2 may control docetaxel sensitivity in BRCA cells through apoptosis, warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zhijie Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China; Department of Pathology, Xiangya Changde Hospital, Changde, 415000, Hunan, China
| | - Qiuju Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Abhimanyu Thakur
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yuanhong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Shangjun Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanliang Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Lin YL, Nhieu J, Liu PY, Le G, Lee DJ, Wei CW, Lin YW, Oh SH, Lowe D, Wei LN. CRABP1-CaMKII-Agrn regulates the maintenance of neuromuscular junction in spinal motor neuron. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:1744-1756. [PMID: 35217789 PMCID: PMC9433400 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-00959-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 1 (CRABP1) binds retinoic acid (RA) specifically in the cytoplasm with unclear functions. CRABP1 is highly and specifically expressed in spinal motor neurons (MNs). Clinical and pre-clinical data reveal a potential link between CRABP1 and MN diseases, including the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We established a sequenced MN-muscle co-differentiation system to engineer an in vitro functional 3D NMJ model for molecular studies and demonstrated that CRABP1 in MNs contributes to NMJ formation and maintenance. Consistently, Crabp1 knockout (CKO) mice exhibited an adult-onset ALS-like phenotype with progressively deteriorated NMJs, characterized with behavioral, EchoMRI, electrophysiological, histological, and immunohistochemical studies at 2-20-months old. Mechanistically, CRABP1 suppresses CaMKII activation to regulate neural Agrn expression and downstream muscle LRP4-MuSK signaling, thereby maintaining NMJ. A proof-of-concept was provided by specific re-expression of CRABP1 to rescue Agrn expression and the phenotype. This study identifies CRABP1-CaMKII-Agrn signaling as a physiological pre-synaptic regulator in the NMJ. This study also highlights a potential protective role of CRABP1 in the progression of NMJ deficits in MN diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lung Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Jennifer Nhieu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Pei-Yao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Gengyun Le
- Divisions of Rehabilitation Science and Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Dong Jun Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Chin-Wen Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Yi-Wei Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Sang-Hyun Oh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Dawn Lowe
- Divisions of Rehabilitation Science and Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Li-Na Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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Lin YL, Wei CW, Lerdall TA, Nhieu J, Wei LN. Crabp1 Modulates HPA Axis Homeostasis and Anxiety-like Behaviors by Altering FKBP5 Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12240. [PMID: 34830120 PMCID: PMC8619219 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA), the principal active metabolite of vitamin A, is known to be involved in stress-related disorders. However, its mechanism of action in this regard remains unclear. This study reports that, in mice, endogenous cellular RA binding protein 1 (Crabp1) is highly expressed in the hypothalamus and pituitary glands. Crabp1 knockout (CKO) mice exhibit reduced anxiety-like behaviors accompanied by a lowered stress induced-corticosterone level. Furthermore, CRH/DEX tests show an increased sensitivity (hypersensitivity) of their feedback inhibition in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Gene expression studies show reduced FKBP5 expression in CKO mice; this would decrease the suppression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling thereby enhancing their feedback inhibition, consistent with their dampened corticosterone level and anxiety-like behaviors upon stress induction. In AtT20, a pituitary gland adenoma cell line elevating or reducing Crabp1 level correspondingly increases or decreases FKBP5 expression, and its endogenous Crabp1 level is elevated by GR agonist dexamethasone or RA treatment. This study shows, for the first time, that Crabp1 regulates feedback inhibition of the the HPA axis by modulating FKBP5 expression. Furthermore, RA and stress can increase Crabp1 level, which would up-regulate FKBP5 thereby de-sensitizing feedback inhibition of HPA axis (by decreasing GR signaling) and increasing the risk of stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Li-Na Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (Y.-L.L.); (C.-W.W.); (T.A.L.); (J.N.)
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Sun N, Yang Y, Wang S, Zhang J, Gui J, Tai J, He L, Xu J, Li Y, Zhang X, Liu Q, Liu Z, Guo Y, Ni X. DCX and CRABP2 are candidate genes for differential diagnosis between pre-chemotherapy embryonic and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in pediatric patients. Pediatr Investig 2021; 5:106-111. [PMID: 34179706 PMCID: PMC8212716 DOI: 10.1002/ped4.12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children. More than 90% of cases are classified as embryonic RMS (ERMS) or alveolar RMS (ARMS). ERMS has a worse prognosis than ARMS. Early differential diagnosis is of paramount importance for optimization of treatment. OBJECTIVE To identify genes that are differentially expressed between ARMS and ERMS, which can be used for accurate rhabdomyosarcoma classification. METHODS Three Gene Expression Omnibus datasets composed of ARMS and ERMS samples were screened and 35 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and area under the curve analysis was performed for these 35 DEGs and seven candidate genes with the best differential expression scores between ARMS and ERMS were determined. The expression of these seven candidate genes was validated by immunohistochemical analysis of pre-chemotherapy ARMS and ERMS specimens. RESULTS The levels of DCX and CRABP2 were confirmed to be remarkably different between paraffin-embedded ARMS and ERMS tissues, while EGFR abundance was only marginally different between these two RMS subtypes. INTERPRETATION DCX and CRABP2 are potential biomarkers for distinguishing ARMS from ERMS in pre-chemotherapy pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina
| | - Yeran Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of OtolaryngologyHead and Neck SurgeryMOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenBeijing Pediatric Research InstituteBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina
| | - Shengcai Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina
| | - Jingang Gui
- Laboratory of Tumor ImmunologyBeijing Pediatric Research InstituteBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina
| | - Jun Tai
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyChildren’s HospitalCapital Institute of PediatricsBeijingChina
| | - Lejian He
- Department of PathologyBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina
| | - Jiatong Xu
- Department of PathologyBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina
| | - Yanzhen Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina
| | - Xuexi Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina
| | - Qiaoyin Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina
| | - Yongli Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of OtolaryngologyHead and Neck SurgeryMOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenBeijing Pediatric Research InstituteBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina
| | - Xin Ni
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina
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George S, Lucero Y, Torres JP, Lagomarcino AJ, O'Ryan M. Gastric Damage and Cancer-Associated Biomarkers in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Children. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:90. [PMID: 32117120 PMCID: PMC7029740 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is well-known to be involved in gastric carcinogenesis, associated with deregulation of cell proliferation and epigenetic changes in cancer-related genes. H. pylori infection is largely acquired during childhood, persisting long-term in about half of infected individuals, a subset of whom will go on to develop peptic ulcer disease and eventually gastric cancer, however, the sequence of events leading to disease is not completely understood. Knowledge on carcinogenesis and gastric damage-related biomarkers is abundant in adult populations, but scarce in children. We performed an extensive literature review focusing on gastric cancer related biomarkers identified in adult populations, which have been detected in children infected with H. pylori. Biomarkers were related to expression levels (RNA or protein) and/or methylation levels (DNA) in gastric tissue or blood of infected children as compared to non-infected controls. In this review, we identified 37 biomarkers of which 24 are over expressed, three are under expressed, and ten genes are significantly hypermethylated in H. pylori-infected children compared to healthy controls in at least 1 study. Only four of these biomarkers (pepsinogen I, pepsinogen II, gastrin, and SLC5A8) have been studied in asymptomatically infected children. Importantly, 13 of these biomarkers (β-catenin, C-MYC, GATA-4, DAPK1, CXCL13, DC-SIGN, TIMP3, EGFR, GRIN2B, PIM2, SLC5A8, CDH1, and VCAM-1.) are consistently deregulated in infected children and in adults with gastric cancer. Future studies should be designed to determine the clinical significance of these changes in infection-associated biomarkers in children and their persistence over time. The effect of eradication therapy over these biomarkers in children if proven significant, could lead to modifications in treatment guidelines for younger populations, and eventually promote the development of preventive strategies, such as vaccination, in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio George
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Laboratory, Microbiology and Mycology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yalda Lucero
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Laboratory, Microbiology and Mycology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Dr. Roberto del Río Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Torres
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Laboratory, Microbiology and Mycology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Dr. Luis Calvo Mackenna Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Anne J Lagomarcino
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Laboratory, Microbiology and Mycology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miguel O'Ryan
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Laboratory, Microbiology and Mycology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (IMII), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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DNA methylation status of CRABP2 promoter down-regulates its expression. Gene 2018; 676:243-248. [PMID: 30031031 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As an important epigenetic modification DNA methylation is catalyzed by DNA methylation transferases (DNMTs) and occurs mainly in CpG islands. DNA methylation plays an important role in regulates gene expression, cell differentiation, genetic imprinting and tumor therapy. Retinoic acid-binding proteins (RAC) is vital for the absorption, transport, metabolism and maintenance of homeostasis of retinoic acid, which in turn regulates the differentiation and proliferation of cells by regulating the transcription of many target genes, therefore, these proteins influence differentiation and proliferation of adipocytes and muscle fibroblasts. Thus, cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) may be a candidate gene which affects beef quality, yield and fat deposition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression and the methylation pattern on the differentially methylated region (DMR) of the promoter of CRABP2. The DNA methylation pattern was tested by bisulfite sequencing polymerase chain reaction (BSP), the quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to analysis the expression of CRABP2 gene. The results showed that the DNA methylation level was higher in purebred cattle breed than that in hybrid cattle breeds which was negative correlation with the expression of the gen. These results indicate that the methylation status of the CRABP2 DMR can regulate mRNA expression. What's more, there are different methylation and expression patterns in different breeds and tissues which may influence the phenotype, and the results may be a useful parameter to investigate the function of CRABP2 in muscle and fat developmental in Chinese cattle.
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