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Bigliardi E, Rizzi M, Bertocchi M, Denti L, Bresciani C, Vetere A, Di Ianni F. Evaluation of Biochemical Composition of Amniotic and Allantoic Fluids at Different Stages of Pregnancy in Queens. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12111414. [PMID: 35681878 PMCID: PMC9179811 DOI: 10.3390/ani12111414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Fetal fluid contents influence growth and development, fetal wellbeing and a protection mechanism for the fetus itself. Very little is known about the composition of fetal fluids during pregnancy in cats and about changes in contents that occur throughout gestation. In this study, initial results regarding the biochemical composition of fetal fluids are provided. A comparison with maternal serum was also performed. A complete understanding of trends can be helpful for the early detection of some pathologies during pregnancy, such as in humans and mares. Abstract Fetal fluid contents have functions in protecting fetuses and are essential for fetal development and maturation. However, little is known about the exact physiological functions of fetal fluids in fetal development, as well as the changing composition throughout the gestational period in cats. In this study, the biochemical composition of amniotic (AMN) and allantoic (ALL) fluids was investigated, as well as in the maternal serum of pregnant queens. Eighteen queens were included in this study and assigned to six different groups, D20, D25, D30, D40, D45 and D60, according to the gestational stage of fetal development. A total of 44 amniotic and 37 allantoic samples were collected. Fetal fluids contained lesser concentrations of alanine aminotransferase, albumin, cholesterol, triglycerides, creatine kinase, amylase, total protein and globulin than maternal serum. Other variables, such as aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase, were in different concentrations at specific stages of gestation when compared to maternal serum. There were no differences between fetal fluids and maternal serum for lactate dehydrogenase, urea, lipase or glucose concentrations. There were greater concentrations of creatinine in amniotic fluid than in allantoic fluid or maternal serum. Based on the results of this study, fetal fluids do not accumulate as a result of the simple filtration of maternal blood, but rather, the fetus produces many of these components as a consequence of organ development and maturation.
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Staroňová R, Kožár M, Horňáková Ľ, Fialkovičová M. Diestrous diabetes mellitus remission in a Yorkshire terrier bitch. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/vrc2.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Radka Staroňová
- Department of Surgery Orthopaedics Radiology and Reproduction Small Animal Clinic University Veterinary Hospital University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice Košice Slovakia
| | - Martin Kožár
- Department of Surgery Orthopaedics Radiology and Reproduction Small Animal Clinic University Veterinary Hospital University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice Košice Slovakia
| | - Ľubica Horňáková
- Department of Surgery Orthopaedics Radiology and Reproduction Small Animal Clinic University Veterinary Hospital University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice Košice Slovakia
| | - Mária Fialkovičová
- Department of Internal Diseases Small Animal Clinic University Veterinary Hospital University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice Košice Slovakia
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Ferré-Dolcet L, Romagnoli S, Banzato T, Cavicchioli L, Di Maggio R, Cattai A, Berlanda M, Schrank M, Mollo A. Progesterone-responsive vaginal leiomyoma and hyperprogesteronemia due to ovarian luteoma in an older bitch. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:284. [PMID: 32778114 PMCID: PMC7419209 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02507-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This is the first report about a vaginal leiomyoma concomitant with an ovarian luteoma in a bitch. Case presentation A 11-year-old intact female Labrador retriever was referred because of anuria, constipation and protrusion of a vaginal mass through the vulvar commissure. The bitch had high serum progesterone concentration (4.94 ng/ml). Because of the possibility of progesterone responsiveness causing further increase of the vaginal mass and since the bitch was a poor surgical candidate a 10 mg/kg aglepristone treatment was started SC on referral day 1. A computerized tomography showed a 12.7 × 6.5 × 8.3 cm mass causing urethral and rectal compression, ureteral dilation and hydronephrosis. A vaginal leiomyoma was diagnosed on histology. As serum progesterone concentration kept increasing despite aglepristone treatment, a 0.02 ng/mL twice daily IM alfaprostol treatment was started on day 18. As neither treatment showed remission of clinical signs or luteolysis, ovariohysterectomy was performed on referral day 35. Multiple corpora lutea were found on both ovaries. On histology a luteoma was diagnosed on the left ovary. P4 levels were undetectable 7 days after surgery. Recovery was uneventful and 12 weeks after surgery tomography showed a reduction of 86.7% of the vaginal mass. The bitch has been in good health and able to urinate without any complication ever since. Conclusions This case demonstrates the importance of identifying progesterone related conditions as well as the importance of judiciously using a combined medical and surgical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ferré-Dolcet
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
| | - S Romagnoli
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - T Banzato
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - L Cavicchioli
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - R Di Maggio
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - A Cattai
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - M Berlanda
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - M Schrank
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - A Mollo
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Bendinelli C, Properzi R, Boschi P, Bresciani C, Rocca E, Sabbioni A, Leonardi F. Meloxicam vs robenacoxib for postoperative pain management in dogs undergoing combined laparoscopic ovariectomy and laparoscopic-assisted gastropexy. Vet Surg 2019; 48:578-583. [PMID: 30637777 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare meloxicam and robenacoxib for short-term postoperative pain management after combined laparoscopic ovariectomy and laparoscopic-assisted gastropexy. STUDY DESIGN Double-blind, prospective, randomised clinical trial. ANIMALS Twenty-six client-owned female dogs. METHODS Dogs undergoing combined laparoscopic ovariectomy and laparoscopic-assisted gastropexy were randomly divided into 2 groups. Before induction of anesthesia, 13 dogs received meloxicam (0.2 mg/kg subcutaneously), and 13 dogs received robenacoxib (2 mg/kg subcutaneously). Pain was scored with the Glasgow Composite Pain Scale (short form) before surgery and at 1, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours after extubation. Rescue analgesia (tramadol, 3 mg/kg) was provided to dogs with a Glasgow pain score (GPS) ≥5. Glasgow pain scores were analyzed by ANOVA with treatment, age, and surgical time as fixed factors. RESULTS Glasgow pain scores were higher at 24 hours postsurgery in dogs treated with robenacoxib (2.18 ± 0.29) compared with those treated with meloxicam (0.68 ± 0.41, P = .04). Two dogs treated with meloxicam and 7 dogs treated with robenacoxib required rescue analgesia. Regardless of the treatment, the overall GPS was lower at 18 and 24 hours postsurgery when the surgical time was >40 minutes compared with surgical times ≤40 minutes, but surgical site inflammation was likely a confounding factor in this finding. Glasgow pain score was not affected by patient age. CONCLUSION Meloxicam was more effective than robenacoxib at controlling pain in the population of dogs reported here. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Preoperative administration of meloxicam effectively controls pain for 24 hours after combined laparoscopic ovariectomy and laparoscopic-assisted gastropexy, but rescue analgesia may be required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carla Bresciani
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Sabbioni
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Fabio Leonardi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Bertocchi M, Pelizzone I, Parmigiani E, Ponzio P, Macchi E, Righi F, Di Girolamo N, Bigliardi E, Denti L, Bresciani C, Di Ianni F. Monitoring the reproductive activity in captive bred female ball pythons (P. regius) by ultrasound evaluation and noninvasive analysis of faecal reproductive hormone (progesterone and 17β-estradiol) metabolites trends. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199377. [PMID: 29949610 PMCID: PMC6021098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The royal python (Python regius) is commonly bred in captivity. To have a successful breeding season, accurate monitoring of the reproductive activity is necessary. The use of non-invasive monitoring methods in exotics is important in order to minimize stress. For this purpose ultrasound has been anecdotally used to monitor royal python reproductive activity. However, there is limited information regarding the reproductive cycle of this species. The aim of the present study is to monitor the female reproductive cycle of the royal python using ultrasonography and gonadal steroid metabolite measurements in the faeces. The reproductive activity of one hundred twenty-nine adult female P. regius was examined during two consecutive years. We performed brief scans on non-anaesthetized snakes using a portable ultrasound system and a 10–12 MHz linear array transducer (MyLab™ 30 Gold, Esaote). Ultrasound features, dimension and echogenicity of the reproductive structures were determined. During the second reproductive cycle, the hormonal profiles of 30 animals were also evaluated, with a monthly collection of faecal samples. These samples were classified according to reproductive stage, as identified by ultrasonographic examination, and the mean faecal progesterone and 17β-estradiol levels were calculated using the results from an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Progesterone levels increased during the reproductive cycle. Estradiol levels showed greater variability, although they appeared to increase before coupling when compared to the levels between coupling and egg laying. The present study suggests that it is possible to identify different phases in the female royal python reproductive cycle: anovulatory phase, transition, folliculogenesis and embryogenesis. Ultrasound is also useful for identifying follicular regression or slugs. Gonadal steroid metabolite measurements from the faeces could help integrate reproductive information. The use of ultrasonography in addition to the steroid metabolite measurement in the faeces gives an accurate picture of ovarian activity in captive adult female royal pythons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Bertocchi
- Department of Veterinary Science, Università degli Studi di Parma, Via Del Taglio, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Parmigiani
- Department of Veterinary Science, Università degli Studi di Parma, Via Del Taglio, Parma, Italy
| | - Patrizia Ponzio
- Department of Veterinary Science, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Leonardo da Vinci, Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Elisabetta Macchi
- Department of Veterinary Science, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Leonardo da Vinci, Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Federico Righi
- Department of Veterinary Science, Università degli Studi di Parma, Via Del Taglio, Parma, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Girolamo
- Tai Wai Small Animal and Exotic Hospital, Lap Wo Building, Tai Wai, Sha Tin, Hong Kong
| | - Enrico Bigliardi
- Department of Veterinary Science, Università degli Studi di Parma, Via Del Taglio, Parma, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Laura Denti
- Department of Veterinary Science, Università degli Studi di Parma, Via Del Taglio, Parma, Italy
| | - Carla Bresciani
- Department of Veterinary Science, Università degli Studi di Parma, Via Del Taglio, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Ianni
- Department of Veterinary Science, Università degli Studi di Parma, Via Del Taglio, Parma, Italy
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De Cesaris V, Grolli S, Bresciani C, Conti V, Basini G, Parmigiani E, Bigliardi E. Isolation, proliferation and characterization of endometrial canine stem cells. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 52:235-242. [PMID: 27925313 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, progenitor cells isolated from dissociated endometrial tissue have been the subject of many studies in several animal species. Recently, endometrial cells showing characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been demonstrated in human, pig and cow uterine tissue samples. The aim of this study was the isolation and characterization of stromal cells from the endometrium of healthy bitches, a tissue that after elective surgery is routinely discarded. Multipotent stromal cells could be isolated from all bitches enrolled in the study (n = 7). The multipotency of cells was demonstrated by their capacity to differentiate into adipocytic, osteocytic and chondrocytic lineages. Clonogenicity and cell proliferation ability were also tested. Furthermore, gene expression analysis by RT-PCR was used to compare the expression of a set of genes (CD44, CD29, CD34, CD45, CD90, CD13, CD133, CD73, CD31 CD105, Oct4) with adipose tissue-derived MSC. Stromal cells isolated from uterine endometrium showed similar morphology, ability of subculture and plasticity, and also expressed a panel of genes comparable with adipose tissue-derived MSC. These data suggest that endometrial stromal cells fulfil the basic criteria proposed by the "Mesenchymal and Tissue Stem Cell Committee of the International Society for Cellular Therapy" for the identification of mesenchymal stem cells. Although endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (EnMSC) showed a lower replicative ability in comparison with adipose tissue-derived MSC, they could be considered a cell therapeutic agent alternative to adipose tissue or bone marrow-derived MSC in dog.
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Affiliation(s)
- V De Cesaris
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - S Grolli
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - C Bresciani
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - V Conti
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - G Basini
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - E Parmigiani
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - E Bigliardi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Gogny A, Fiéni F. Aglepristone: A review on its clinical use in animals. Theriogenology 2016; 85:555-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Yu EN, Winnick JJ, Edgerton DS, Scott MF, Smith MS, Farmer B, Williams PE, Cherrington AD, Moore MC. Hepatic and Whole-Body Insulin Metabolism during Proestrus and Estrus in Mongrel Dogs. Comp Med 2016; 66:235-240. [PMID: 27298249 PMCID: PMC4907533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance occurs during various stages of the estrus cycle in dogs. To quantify the effects of proestrus-estrus (PE) and determine whether PE affects liver insulin sensitivity, 11 female mongrel dogs were implanted with sampling and intraportal infusion catheters. Five of the dogs (PE group) entered proestrus after surgery; those remaining in anestrus were controls. The dogs were fasted overnight, [3-(3)H]glucose and somatostatin were infused through peripheral veins, and glucagon was infused intraportally. Insulin was infused intraportally, with the rate adjusted to maintain arterial plasma glucose at basal levels (PE, 294±25 μU/kg/min; control, 223±21 μU/kg/min). Subsequently the insulin infusion rate was increased by 0.2 mU/kg/min for 120 min (P1) and then to 1.5 mU/kg/min for the last 120 min (P2); glucose was infused peripherally as needed to maintain euglycemia. Insulin concentrations did not differ between groups at any time; they increased 3 μU/mL over baseline during P1 and to 3 times baseline during P2. The glucose infusion rate in PE dogs during P2 was 63% of that in control dogs. Net hepatic glucose output and the endogenous glucose production rate declined 40% to 50% from baseline in both groups during P1; during P2, both groups exhibited a low rate of net hepatic glucose uptake with full suppression of endogenous glucose production. The glucose disappearance rate during P1 and P2 was 35% greater in control than PE dogs. Therefore, PE in canines is associated with loss of nonhepatic (primarily muscle) but not hepatic insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Nz Yu
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology, Immunology, and Division of Animal Care, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jason J Winnick
- Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Dale S Edgerton
- Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Diabetes Research and Training Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Melanie F Scott
- Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Marta S Smith
- Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ben Farmer
- Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Diabetes Research and Training Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Phillip E Williams
- Diabetes Research and Training Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alan D Cherrington
- Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mary Courtney Moore
- Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
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