Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma with Involvement of the Breast and Testis in a Male Patient

Primary breast lymphoma in males: Incidence, demographics, prognostic factors, survival, and comparisons with females

Background

Primary breast lymphoma (PBL) is a rare disease condition and is mainly observed in females. No male PBL cohorts were reported previously. This study aims to investigate the incidence, clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, and survival outcomes among male PBL patients and also to perform comparisons between males and females.

Methods

Patients diagnosed with PBL between 2000 and 2019 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were identified. Age-adjusted incidence rates were calculated by year and age for trend analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox hazard proportional regression analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors. Survival comparisons were conducted using the Kaplan–Meier method and the log-rank test. The propensity matching score (PSM) method was used to balance demographics.

Results

The incidence rate of 122 male PBL patients diagnosed in the period of 2000 to 2019 was 0.169 (95% CI: 0.140–2.203) per million persons, which was much lower than that of 2,543 females (1.59, 95% CI: 1.53–1.65). Clinical demographics were similar between females and males, except for lymphoma subtype distribution (P = 0.025). A higher age [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.05–1.12, P < 0.001] and not receiving radiotherapy (receiving vs. not receiving: HR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.21–0.78, P = 0.007) were significant risk factors associated with overall survival (OS) in males. Radiotherapy (OS: P = 0.023) can offer benefits in OS. Using the PSM method, we also revealed that male PBL patients had significantly worse OS and cancer-specific survival rates than females.

Conclusions

This study first analyzed male patients with PBL involving incidence, clinical characteristics, and survival data. Sex disparity was also observed in the survival outcome of the disease.

Diffuse Large B-Cell Breast Lymphoma: A Case Series

Primary breast lymphoma (PBL) is a rare disease, and few clinicohistopathologic features of the disease have been discussed in previous studies. It represents 2.2% of extranodal lymphomas and constitutes 0.04% to 0.5% of malignant breast neoplasms, despite the clinical and radiographic similarities between breast lymphoma and carcinoma, the prognosis, as reported in the literature, varies. No consensus exists on the best way to treat PBL. However, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were used alone or in combination to treat various cases of PBL. We retrospectively studied 3 cases of PBL of the breast seen in patients attending a tertiary cancer center in Qatar, between 2012 and 2015, in an attempt to determine the common clinical features, therapy, and prognosis of PBL.