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Al-Mutairi AA, Alkhatib MH. Antitumor Effects of a Solid Lipid Nanoparticle Loaded with Gemcitabine and Oxaliplatin on the Viability, Apoptosis, Autophagy and Hsp90 of Ovarian Cancer Cells. J Microencapsul 2022; 39:467-480. [PMID: 35916335 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2022.2109218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Aim: The present study aimed to explore the sensitizing capability of the anticancer agents, gemcitabine (GEM) and oxaliplatin (OXA), encapsulated in a novel SLN (GEM:OXA-SLN) against the ovarian cancer cell lines. METHODS A novel SLN, prepared using hot homogenization by mixing phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, tween 80 and oleic acid, was characterized using Transmission Electron Microscope and zetasizer. The anticancer activities and the underlying molecular mechanisms of GEM:OXA-SLN were investigated. RESULTS The average z-diameter of the homogeneous spherical GEM:OXA-SLN was (70.33 ± 0.70) nm with zeta potential (-7.69 ± 0.61) mV. GEM:OXA-SLN significantly inhibited the viability of ovarian cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner within 24 h. It also triggered the induction of autophagy cellular death, suppression of multidrug resistance efflux pump and inhibition of heat shock protein (Hsp90). CONCLUSION The encapsulation of GEM and OXA in SLN improved the efficacy of the drugs and diminished the ovarian cancer cell's resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwaq A Al-Mutairi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mayson H Alkhatib
- Department of Biological Sciences & Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
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Schcolnik-Cabrera A, Juárez M, Oldak B, Cruz-Rivera M, Flisser A, Dueñas-González A, Buzoianu-Anguiano V, Orozco-Suarez S, Mendlovic F. In Vitro Employment of Recombinant Taenia solium Calreticulin as a Novel Strategy Against Breast and Ovarian Cancer Stem-like Cells. Arch Med Res 2020; 51:65-75. [PMID: 32097797 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Calreticulin is a chaperone and master regulator of intracellular calcium homeostasis. Several additional functions have been discovered. Human and parasite calreticulin have been shown to suppress mammary tumor growth in vivo. Here, we explored the capacity of recombinant Taenia solium calreticulin (rTsCRT) to modulate cancer cell growth in vitro. METHODS We used different concentrations of rTsCRT to treat cancer cell lines and analyzed viability and colony formation capacity. We also tested the combination of the IC20 or IC50 doses of rTsCRT and of the chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil on MCF7 and SKOV3 cell lines. As a control, the non-tumorigenic cell line MCF10-A was employed. The effect of the drug combinations was also assessed in cancer stem-like cells. Additionally, scavenger receptor ligands were employed to identify the role of this receptor in the rTsCRT anti-tumoral effect. RESULTS rTsCRT has a dose-dependent in vitro anti-tumoral effect, being SKOV3 the most sensitive cell line followed by MCF7. When rTsCRT/5-fluorouracil were used, MCF7 and SKOV3 showed a 60% reduction in cell viability; colony formation capacity was also diminished. Treatment of cancer stem-like cells from MCF7 showed a higher reduction in cell viability, while those from SKOV3 were more sensitive to colony disaggregation. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of the scavenger receptor, abrogated the reduction in viability induced by rTsCRT in both the parental and stem-like cells. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that rTsCRT alone or in combination with 5-fluorouracil inhibits the growth of breast and ovarian cancer cell lines through its interaction with scavenger receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mandy Juárez
- División de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Bernardo Oldak
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac México Norte, Huixquilucan, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Mayra Cruz-Rivera
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ana Flisser
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Dueñas-González
- División de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Vinnitsa Buzoianu-Anguiano
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades CMN Siglo XXI, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sandra Orozco-Suarez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades CMN Siglo XXI, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Fela Mendlovic
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac México Norte, Huixquilucan, Estado de México, Mexico.
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Babaier A, Ghatage P. Mucinous Cancer of the Ovary: Overview and Current Status. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E52. [PMID: 31963927 PMCID: PMC7168201 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucinous ovarian cancer (MOC) is a rare subtype of epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). Whereas all EOC subtypes are addressed in the same way, MOC is a distinct entity. Appreciating the pathological features and genomic profile of MOC may result in the improvement in management and, hence, the prognosis. Distinguishing primary MOC from metastatic mucinous carcinoma can be challenging but is essential. Early-stage MOC carries an excellent prognosis, with advanced disease having a poor outcome. Surgical management plays an essential role in the early stage and in metastatic disease. Chemotherapy is usually administered for stage II MOC and beyond. The standard gynecology protocol is frequently used, but gastrointestinal regimens have also been administered. As MOC is associated with multiple molecular alterations, targeted therapy could be the answer to treat this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Babaier
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam 32253, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prafull Ghatage
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB T2N4N2, Canada;
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Oxaliplatin plus leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil (FOLFOX-4) as a salvage chemotherapy in heavily-pretreated platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1267. [PMID: 30567527 PMCID: PMC6300035 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5180-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical impact of oxaliplatin, leucovorin, and 5-fluorouracil (FOLFOX-4) chemotherapy in terms of the response rate, progression-free/overall survival (PFS/OS) and safety profile in patients with heavily pretreated recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer. Methods Clinical data were reviewed in 29 patients who received FOLFOX-4 as more than third-line chemotherapy, consisting of 85 mg/m2 of oxaliplatin, 200 mg/m2 of leucovorin, and bolus 400 mg/m2 on day 1 of 5-fluorouracil, followed by a 22-h infusion of 600 mg/m2 of 5-fluorouracil for 2 consecutive days every 3 weeks. We also compared the efficacy and toxicity of FOLFOX-4 with that of topotecan, a standard treatment, given at a dosage of 1.5 mg/m2 every three weeks in 26 patients. Results The median age of enrolled patients was 60 years (range 33 to 85). A median of 4 cycles (range 1–17) of FOLFOX-4 were administered. Complete response and partial response were observed in one (3.5%) and 5 (17.2.2%) patients, respectively, while stable disease was reported in 8 (27.6%) patients. Among all patients, grade 3–4 anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia were observed in 0 (0%), 5 (17.2%), and 3 (10.3%) cases, respectively. Grade 3–4 fatigue was recorded in one (3.4%) patient and diarrhea in 2 (6.9%). Median PFS and OS were 2.8 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7–4.9] and 6.2 months (95% CI 2.4–14.6), respectively. No significant differences in terms of efficacy and toxicity were observed between patients receiving FOLFOX-4 and those treated with topotecan. Conclusions The FOLFOX-4 regimen would seem to obtain similar survival rates to those of standard therapy with topotecan in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Further randomized trials are warranted to confirm our findings.
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Chiang AJ, Chen MY, Weng CS, Lin H, Lu CH, Wang PH, Huang YF, Chiang YC, Yu MH, Chang CL. Malignant transformation of ovarian mature cystic teratoma into squamous cell carcinoma: a Taiwanese Gynecologic Oncology Group (TGOG) study. J Gynecol Oncol 2017; 28:e69. [PMID: 28657230 PMCID: PMC5540728 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2017.28.e69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The malignant transformation (MT) of ovarian mature cystic teratoma (MCT) to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is very rare. This study analyzed cases from multiple medical centers in Taiwan to investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment, and prognostic factors of this disease and reviewed related literature. Methods Pathological reports of 16,001 patients with primary ovarian cancer who were treated at Taiwan medical centers from 1990 to 2011 were reviewed. In total, 52 patients with MT of MCT to SCC were identified. Results Among all ovarian MCTs, the incidence of MT to SCC is 0.2%. The median age of patients was 52 years (range, 29–89 years), and the mean tumor size was 10.5 cm (range, 1–40 cm). We analyzed the patients in our study and those in the literature and determined that early identification and complete surgical resection of the tumor are essential for long-term survival. In addition, adjuvant chemotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy can be used to treat this malignancy. Old age, large tumor size (≥15.0 cm), and solid components in MCTs are suitable indicators predicting the risk of MT of MCT to SCC. Conclusion Similar to general epithelial ovarian cancers, the early detection of MT of MCT to SCC is critical to long-term survival. Therefore, older patients with a large tumor or those with a tumor containing a solid component in a clinically diagnosed MCT should be evaluated to exclude potential MT to SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Jen Chiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Min Yu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia Sui Weng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien Hsing Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Peng Hui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu Fang Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ying Cheng Chiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mu Hsien Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih Long Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Foster JM, Sleightholm R, Smith L, Ceelen W, Deraco M, Yildirim Y, Levine E, Muñoz-Casares C, Glehen O, Patel A, Esquivel J. The American Society of Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Multi-Institution evaluation of 1,051 advanced ovarian cancer patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC: An introduction of the peritoneal surface disease severity score. J Surg Oncol 2017; 114:779-784. [PMID: 27792292 DOI: 10.1002/jso.24406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Standard treatment for ovarian epithelial cancer (OEC) consists of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and a platinum-taxane chemotherapy combination. There is increasing interest in evaluating hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in patients with stage IIIC/IV disease. The peritoneal surface disease severity score (PSDSS) was introduced as a basis to improve patient selection for this therapy in OEC. METHODS The charts of 1,051 patients with advanced OEC who underwent CRS/HIPEC were retrospectively evaluated using the following preoperatively obtained criteria: symptoms, peritoneal dissemination, and tumor histology. Overall survival was analyzed according to PSDSS as well as the timings and agents used during CRS/HIPEC. RESULTS Median survival for all 1,051 patients was 73.4 months. PSDSS information was available for 553 patients. Survival correlated negatively with PSDSS (P < 0.001). Furthermore, combining PSDSS scores into I/II and III/IV described two distinct patient populations with vastly different outcomes, 100 versus 55 months, respectively (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis failed to describe any differences between timings of HIPEC or chemotherapy agents used. CONCLUSION PSDSS was capable of identifying a better surviving patient population in advanced-stage OEC. While randomized trials to evaluate the benefit of HIPEC are needed, the PSDSS may be a useful tool for selecting and stratifying OEC patients in clinical trials. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:779-784. © 2016 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Foster
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Richard Sleightholm
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Lynette Smith
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Wim Ceelen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ghent University Hospital Belgium, Gent, Belgium
| | | | - Yusuf Yildirim
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Aegean Obstetrics and Gynecology Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Edward Levine
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, Winston Salem, North Carolina
| | - Cristobal Muñoz-Casares
- Unit of Oncological and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General and Digestive Surgery, University Hospital Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Olivier Glehen
- Service de Chirurgie Générale et Oncologique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Asish Patel
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Jesus Esquivel
- Department of Surgical Oncology, St. Agnes Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Elshebeiny M, Almorsy W. Gemcitabine-oxaliplatin (GEMOX) for epithelial ovarian cancer patients resistant to platinum-based chemotherapy. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2016; 28:183-9. [PMID: 27237370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnci.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) experience poor outcome. Currently, no clearly superior management strategy exists for platinum-resistant EOC patients. PURPOSE Analyze the efficacy and safety of gemcitabine-oxaliplatin (GEMOX) in platinum resistant EOC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-two patients with platinum-based resistant EOC were included. Studied patients had received GEM at the dose of 1000mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 and OX 100mg/m(2) on day 1, administered over 2h 30min after GEM infusion of 3week treatment cycle. RESULTS In the evaluation of tumor response, none of patients had achieved CR while PR, SD, were observed in 7 (21.9%), 9 (28.1%) respectively, clinical benefit (CR+PR+SD) was recorded in 50% of patients while PD was observed in 16 (50%) patients. In regard to survival, the median value of OS was 10.5months (range, 2.2-17.5months). The median value of PFS was 6.37months (range, 1-17.5months). The one-year OS rate was 34.4% and the one-year PFS rate was 12.5%. Concerning hematological toxicity grade 3 neutropenia was recorded in 4 (12.5%) patients while grade 4 febrile neutropenia was recorded in 2 (6.3%) patients and grade 4 anemia was represented by 3.1%. Grade 1-2 fatigue was the most common non-hematological toxicity and represented by 65.6% of patients. Grade 3 non hematological toxicity was recorded with nausea/vomiting and hepatic toxicity represented by 3.1% for both. CONCLUSION The GEMOX combination is a regimen with a moderate therapeutic efficacy and tolerable toxic side effects in patients with platinum-resistant EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Elshebeiny
- Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.
| | - Walid Almorsy
- Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.
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Xu W, Rush J, Rickett K, Coward JIG. Mucinous ovarian cancer: A therapeutic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 102:26-36. [PMID: 27083591 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucinous ovarian cancer represents approximately 3% of epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC). Despite this seemingly low prevalence, it remains a diagnostic and therapeutic conundrum that has resulted in numerous attempts to adopt novel strategies in managing this disease. Anecdotally, there has been a prevailing notion that established gold standard systemic regimens should be substituted for those utilised in cancers such as gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies; tumours that share more biological similarities than other EOC subtypes. This review summarises the plethora of small studies which have adopted this philosophy and influenced the design of the multinational GOG142 study, which was ultimately terminated due to poor accrual. To date, there is a paucity of evidence to support delivering 'GI style' chemotherapy for mucinous ovarian cancer over and above carboplatin-paclitaxel doublet therapy. Hence there is an urge to develop studies focused on targeted therapeutic agents driven by refined mutational analysis and conducted within the context of harmonised international collaborations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xu
- Mater Health Services, Raymond Terrace, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Jack Rush
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kirsty Rickett
- UQ/Mater McAuley Library, The University of Queensland Library, Brisbane 4101, Australia
| | - Jermaine I G Coward
- Mater Health Services, Raymond Terrace, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
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A series of malignant ovarian cancers arising from within a mature cystic teratoma: a single institution experience. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2016; 25:792-7. [PMID: 25790042 DOI: 10.1097/igc.0000000000000431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is the most common germ cell tumor. It accounts for 10% to 20% of all ovarian masses. The likelihood of malignancy arising from within an MCT is low, and prognosis is poor. METHODS A single-institution retrospective chart review was completed of all cases of MCT from 2004 to 2012. Multiple variables were examined including procedure performed, residual disease after surgery, surgical stage, histologic type, site of primary disease, date of recurrence, whether or not adjuvant chemotherapy was given, and whether or not there was death secondary to disease. RESULTS During the study period, 1.2% of MCTs exhibited malignant transformation. The average age at presentation was 53.7 years. Mean follow-up time was 23 months. The most common presenting symptoms were bloating and abdominal pain. The average tumor size was 18 cm. Of note, 33% of cases were at least surgical stage IIIC at the time of presentation, whereas the remainder were stage IC or lower. Four (44.4%) of the 9 cases were identified as mucinous adenocarcinoma in addition to 1 case each of malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Only 1 patient experienced recurrence. One patient had a known MCT that was being managed expectantly and exhibited malignant transformation to a mucinous adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS A large ovarian mass that is suspected to be a mature teratoma should be managed more aggressively in older patients. Our data suggest that although malignancy arising from mature teratomas is rare, it is more likely when patients are older than 40 years, the mass is greater than 18 cm, and there is any suspicion for a mucinous tumor. Like most ovarian tumors, these tumors most often present at later stages and, thus, can be difficult to treat. It is unclear what role chemotherapy or radiation plays in the management of these tumors.
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Bano N, Najam R, Qazi F, Mateen A. Gastrointestinal adverse effects in advanced colorectal carcinoma patients treated with different schedules of FOLFOX. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:8089-93. [PMID: 25338989 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.19.8089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the frequency and severity of gastrointestinal adverse effects in advanced colorectal carcinoma patients treated with four different schedules of FOLFOX. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients (median age 61 years) who underwent surgery were included in the study. All had measureable disease at CT scan, ultrasonography or clinical examination. Toxicity was graded on a scale of 1-5 according to the general grade definition of CTC v2.0. The severity of adverse effects (Grade 3 and 4) assessed in each treatment arm was compared. RESULTS Differences between the incidence rates of 3 and 4 toxicity and all grades of toxicity for all parameters in GI toxicity were very highly significant (p<0.001). Severe gastrointestinal symptoms of toxicity were noted with FOLFOX7 (oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2). Grade 3 diarrhea was reported in 25% patients and grade 4 diarrhea in 4% in the FOLFOX7 treatment arm. Grade 2 vomiting was very frequently reported in the FOLFOX4 treatment arm (oxaliplatin 85mg/m2). Grade 2 stomatitis was reported in 42% patients treated with mFOLFOX6 (oxaliplatin 100mg/m2). Differences in the incidence rate of nausea, diarrhea and stomatitis among all treatment arms of FOLFOX were significant (p<0.05) . CONCLUSIONS Severe diarrhea is associated with FOLFOX7 treatment. No grade 3 or 4 GI toxicity was reported in patients of the mFOLFOX6 arm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Bano
- Pharmacology Department, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan E-mail :
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Ginseng Purified Dry Extract, BST204, Improved Cancer Chemotherapy-Related Fatigue and Toxicity in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:197459. [PMID: 25945105 PMCID: PMC4405287 DOI: 10.1155/2015/197459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer related fatigue (CRF) is one of the most common side effects of cancer and its treatments. A large proportion of cancer patients experience cancer-related physical and central fatigue so new strategies are needed for treatment and improved survival of these patients. BST204 was prepared by incubating crude ginseng extract with ginsenoside-β-glucosidase. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of BST204, mixture of ginsenosides on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced CRF, the glycogen synthesis, and biochemical parameters in mice. The mice were randomly divided into the following groups: the naïve normal (normal), the HT-29 cell inoculated (xenograft), xenograft and 5-FU treated (control), xenograft + 5-FU + BST204-treated (100 and 200 mg/kg) (BST204), and xenograft + 5-FU + modafinil (13 mg/kg) treated group (modafinil). Running wheel activity and forced swimming test were used for evaluation of CRF. Muscle glycogen, serum inflammatory cytokines, aspartic aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine (CRE), white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil (NEUT), red blood cell (RBC), and hemoglobin (HGB) were measured. Treatment with BST204 significantly increased the running wheel activity and forced swimming time compared to the control group. Consistent with the behavioral data, BST204 markedly increased muscle glycogen activity and concentrations of WBC, NEUT, RBC, and HGB. Also, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), AST, ALT, and CRE levels in the serum were significantly reduced in the BST204-treated group compared to the control group. This result suggests that BST204 may improve chemotherapy-related fatigue and adverse toxic side effects.
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Mumtahana F, Tiang X, Zhang T, Cui B. The efficacy and safety of Oxaliplatin-Vinorelbine as a second-line chemotherapy combination in patients with platinum-resistant pretreated epithelial ovarian cancer: A retrospective study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER THERAPY AND ONCOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.14319/ijcto.0204.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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13
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Schwingel TE, Klein CP, Nicoletti NF, Dora CL, Hadrich G, Bica CG, Lopes TG, da Silva VD, Morrone FB. Effects of the compounds resveratrol, rutin, quercetin, and quercetin nanoemulsion on oxaliplatin-induced hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity in mice. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2014; 387:837-48. [PMID: 24908156 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-014-0994-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin (OXA) is a platinum compound widely used in the treatment of some solid tumors, especially colorectal cancer. Despite its usefulness, oxaliplatin-associated neurotoxicity represents the main dose-limiting factor of this drug, and until now, there is no suitable treatment. Chemotherapy with oxaliplatin also increases the rate of developing hepatic damages with inflammatory activity, termed chemotherapy-associated steatohepatitis (CASH). In the present study, we aimed to compare the effects of a series of antioxidant compounds on simultaneous development of oxaliplatin-induced hepato- and neurotoxicity in mice. Mice BALB/c were treated with oxaliplatin for 6 weeks, 10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, resulting in mechanical allodynia and hepatic steatosis. We administered the following antioxidant compounds--rutin (RT) (20 mg/kg), resveratrol (RVS) (100 mg/kg), quercetin (QT) (20 mg/kg), and quercetin nanoemulsion (NQT) (20 mg/kg)--daily by gavage to BALB/c, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was used as positive control. Treatments with RSV, RUT, or NQT were able to prevent mechanical allodynia when compared to the OXA group, and this effect was associated with decreased c-Fos immunopositivity in the lumbar spinal cord. Regarding the effects on steatohepatitis, RVS, QT, and NQT almost completely reversed the mean liver weight increase induced by OXA. In accordance with these previous data, histological evaluation indicated attenuation of all features of hepatic steatosis evaluated in RSV, RUT, QT, and NQT groups. These compounds were able to reduce the immunopositivity for the apoptosis marker caspase-3. On the other hand, only QT and NQT treatments were able to reduce neutrophil migration measured by myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. These results suggest that the compounds tested, RSV, RUT, QT, and NQT, would be useful for the clinical treatment of neuro- and hepatoxicity induced by oxaliplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania E Schwingel
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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