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Huh KY, Yu KS, Lim HS, Kim H. Trends of clinical trials from 2017 to 2019 in Korea: an integrated analysis based on the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) and the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS) registries. Transl Clin Pharmacol 2022; 29:186-196. [PMID: 35024359 PMCID: PMC8718355 DOI: 10.12793/tcp.2021.29.e24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Public disclosure of approved clinical trials in a reliable registry can provide the transparency of the study. Although the registration of clinical trials has increased remarkably, the integrity of the data is not always satisfactory. In this study, we analyzed public clinical trial databases updated by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) and Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS) registry to provide an overview of the trends of clinical trials approved between 2017 and 2019 in Korea. Information on clinical trials approved between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2019 was collected from two databases. Trial information was categorized and summarized by study phase, therapeutic area, and location of the participating centers. A total of 655 to 715 clinical trials were newly approved annually by MFDS during the period from 2017 to 2019. Phase 1 clinical trials accounted for the largest proportion (31.0%), followed by phase 3 (29.5%), investigator-initiated trials (24.1%), phase 2 (14.6%), and phase 4 (0.5%). The number of clinical trials classified as an Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agent was the greatest (40.1%) regardless of the study phase. The similar result was obtained from CRIS registry where therapeutic area Neoplasms (15.9%) accounted for the largest number. The number of clinical trials performed in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do was approximately 70% of the total trials. In conclusion, our study provided a comprehensive overview of clinical trials in Korea from 2017 to 2019. The discrepancy between clinical trial registries could be resolved by introducing standardized database and guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Young Huh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Kyung-Sang Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Hyeong-Seok Lim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hyungsub Kim
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, College of Health Sciences, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea
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Aljawadi MH, Aldhahri RA, AlMetwazi MS, Arafah A, Khoja AT. The Characteristics of Clinical Studies Submitted to the Saudi Food and Drug Authority from 2009 until 2020. Saudi Pharm J 2021; 29:1155-1165. [PMID: 34703369 PMCID: PMC8523333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical trials are crucial in contemporary evidence-based medicine for discovering new treatments for diseases. Their registration in a registry increases the transparency in the dissemination of knowledge about clinical research. It is essential to understand the activity of clinical trials in a country, thus identifying research gaps. OBJECTIVE This study, therefore, aims to describe the clinical trial activity since the inception of clinical trials' administration and national clinical trials' registry within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). METHOD A descriptive study was conducted by reviewing all clinical studies that have been registered during 2009 and June 2020. The inclusion criterion was all phases of the clinical trials registered in the national registry during that period. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics. RESULTS Since 2009, 352 studies have been registered. However, a total of 333 studies with complete data was included in the analysis. A total of 80 sponsors funded the clinical studies in the KSA. The majority of the clinical studies are funded by multinational pharmaceutical companies. Oncology (13.81%) and diabetes (11.71%) were the most common therapeutic areas and constituted the largest proportion of the overall studies. 44% were phase 4 and 40% were phase 3 studies. CONCLUSION With a population approaching 34 million, the number of clinical trials in the KSA is not sufficient. Since the inception of the clinical trial's administration and SCTR, the emphasis has been on phase 3 and phase 4 clinical studies. The most studied therapeutic areas were oncology and diabetes. Many clinical studies in the KSA were sponsored by multinational pharmaceutical companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H. Aljawadi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Renad A. Aldhahri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Princess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour S. AlMetwazi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Azher Arafah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah T. Khoja
- Public Health and Family Medicine Departments, College of Medicine, Al-Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Vaidya A, Jain S, Sahu S, Jain PK, Pathak K, Pathak D, Kumar R, Jain SK. Anticancer Agents Based on Vulnerable Components in a Signalling Pathway. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:886-907. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200212105417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Traditional cancer treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy
that are clinically beneficial, but are associated with drawbacks such as drug resistance and side
effects. In quest for better treatment, many new molecular targets have been introduced in the last few
decades. Finding new molecular mechanisms encourages researchers to discover new anticancer agents.
Exploring the mechanism of action also facilitates anticipation of potential resistance mechanisms and
optimization of rational combination therapies. The write up describes the leading molecular mechanisms
for cancer therapy, including mTOR, tyrosine Wee1 kinase (WEE1), Janus kinases, PI3K/mTOR
signaling pathway, serine/threonine protein kinase AKT, checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1), maternal embryonic
leucine-zipper kinase (MELK), DNA methyltransferase I (DNMT1), poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase
(PARP)-1/-2, sphingosine kinase-2 (SK2), pan-FGFR, inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP), murine double minute
2 (MDM2), Bcl-2 family protein and reactive oxygen species 1 (ROS1). Additionally, the manuscript
reviews the anticancer drugs currently under clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Vaidya
- Pharmacy College Saifai, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah (U.P.), India
| | - Shweta Jain
- Sir MadanLal Institute of Pharmacy, Etawah (U.P.), India
| | - Sanjeev Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Jain
- Community Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah (U.P.), India
| | - Kamla Pathak
- Pharmacy College Saifai, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah (U.P.), India
| | - Devender Pathak
- Pharmacy College Saifai, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah (U.P.), India
| | - Raj Kumar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah (U.P.), India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Cho J, Yoon J, Kim Y, Oh D, Kim SJ, Ahn J, Suh GY, Nam SJ, Mitchell SA. Linguistic Validation of the US National Cancer Institute's Patient-Reported Outcomes Version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events in Korean. J Glob Oncol 2019; 5:1-10. [PMID: 30917069 PMCID: PMC6449075 DOI: 10.1200/jgo.18.00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to translate and linguistically validate a Korean-language version of the US National Cancer Institute's Patient-Reported Outcomes version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE). METHODS All 124 PRO-CTCAE items were translated into Korean (PRO-CTCAE-Korean) using International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research best practices and linguistically validated in a diverse sample of patients undergoing cancer treatment (n = 120) to determine whether the Korean translation captured the original concepts. During the cognitive interviews, participants first completed approximately 60 PRO-CTCAE-Korean questions and were then interviewed to evaluate the conceptual equivalence of the translation to the original PRO-CTCAE English-language source. Interview probes addressed comprehension, clarity, and ease of judgement. Three rounds of interviews were conducted. Items that met the a priori threshold of 10% or more of respondents with comprehension difficulties were considered for rephrasing and retesting. RESULTS A majority of PRO-CTCAE-Korean items were well comprehended in round 1; 14 items posed comprehension difficulties for at least 10% of respondents in round 1. Four symptom terms (mouth and throat sores, feeling like nothing could cheer you up, frequent urination, and pain, swelling, redness at drug injection or intravenous insertion site) were revised and retested in rounds 2 and 3. For the other 10 symptom terms, no suitable alternative phrasing was identified, and the terms were retested in rounds 2 and 3. After rounds 2 and 3, no item presented difficulties in 20% or more of participants. CONCLUSION PRO-CTCAE-Korean has been linguistically validated for use in Korean-speaking populations. Quantitative evaluation of this new measure to establish its measurement properties and responsiveness in Korean speakers undergoing cancer treatment is in progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhee Cho
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junghee Yoon
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngha Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dongryul Oh
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Jin Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinseok Ahn
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gee Young Suh
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Jin Nam
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Moon JY, Lee Y, Han JM, Lee MH, Yee J, Song MK, Kim YJ, Gwak HS. Effects of pharmacist interventions on reducing prescribing errors of investigational drugs in oncology clinical trials. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2019; 26:29-35. [DOI: 10.1177/1078155219834723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of pharmacist intervention in reducing and preventing prescribing errors of investigational drugs for cancer patients.Materials and methodsA retrospective study was conducted during two periods: a baseline period from December 2015 to June 2016 and an intervention period from July 2016 to February 2017. The investigational drug service (IDS) pharmacists performed active interventions during the intervention period.ResultsAmong 12,387 investigational drug orders, 395 (6.1%) prescribing errors were detected in 6477 orders at the baseline period, and 278 errors (4.7%) were detected in 5,910 orders at the intervention period. To identify factors that affect prescribing errors, three models were constructed for the multivariate analysis. Among factors affecting prescribing errors, sponsor initiated trial (SIT) was the strongest factor (AOR: 4.16, 95% CI: 3.31–5.23). Pharmacist intervention reduced prescribing errors by at least 25% in all constructed models after adjusting for confounding variables. Prescribing errors were 1.3 times higher when dealing with intravenous medications than when dealing with oral medications. There were 60% fewer prescribing errors in the blinded study than in the open study. SIT and multi-center/multi-nation studies had 4.2 and 2.4 times more frequent prescribing errors than in investigator-initiated trials (IIT) and single-center/single-nation studies, respectively. Fewer errors occurred in phase 2 and trials covering both phase 1 and phase 2 (phase 1/2) than in phase 3 trials.ConclusionsThe IDS pharmacist intervention in cancer clinical trials was associated with significant reductions in prescribing errors and may lead to increased medication safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Young Moon
- College of Pharmacy and Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonhong Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Han
- College of Pharmacy and Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hyung Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Converging Clinical & Public Health, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Yee
- College of Pharmacy and Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Song
- Biometrics Research Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sun Gwak
- College of Pharmacy and Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Converging Clinical & Public Health, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lim Y, Lim JM, Jeong WJ, Lee KH, Keam B, Kim TY, Kim TM, Han SW, Oh DY, Kim DW, Kim TY, Heo DS, Bang YJ, Im SA. Korean Cancer Patients' Awareness of Clinical Trials, Perceptions on the Benefit and Willingness to Participate. Cancer Res Treat 2017; 49:1033-1043. [PMID: 28392549 PMCID: PMC5654169 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2016.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess current levels of awareness of clinical trials (CTs), perceptions regarding their benefits and willingness to participate to CTs among Korean cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS From December 2012 to August 2015, we distributed questionnaires to cancer patients receiving systemic anti-cancer therapy at Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. RESULTS A total of 397 out of 520 requested patients (76.3%) responded to the survey. Among the 397 patients, 62.5% were female and the median age was 52 years. Overall, 97.4% (387/397) answered that they have at least heard of CTs. When asked about their level of awareness, 23.8% (92/387) answered that they could more than roughly explain about CTs. The average visual analogue scale score of CT benefit in all patients was 6.43 (standard deviation, 2.20). Patients who were only familiar with the term without detailed knowledge of the contents had the least expectation of benefit from CTs (p=0.015). When asked about their willingness to participate in CTs, 56.7% (225/397) answered positively. Patients with higher levels of awareness of CTs showed higher willingness to participate (p < 0.001). Heavily treated patients and patients with previous experience regarding CTs also showed a higher willingness to participate (p < 0.001). The perceived benefit of CTs was higher in the group willing to participate (p=0.026). CONCLUSION The patient's level of awareness regarding CTs was positively related to the positive perception and willingness to participate. Although the general awareness of CTs was high, a relatively large proportion of patients did not have accurate knowledge; therefore, proper and accurate patient education is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoojoo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Translational Medicine Major, Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee Min Lim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Jae Jeong
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bhumsuk Keam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sae-Won Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Youn Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Translational Medicine Major, Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Translational Medicine Major, Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-You Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Translational Medicine Major, Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Seog Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yung-Jue Bang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seock-Ah Im
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Translational Medicine Major, Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim DY, Lee YG, Kim BS. Survey of Medical Oncology Status in Korea (SOMOS-K): A National Survey of Medical Oncologists in the Korean Association for Clinical Oncology (KACO). Cancer Res Treat 2016; 49:588-594. [PMID: 27658389 PMCID: PMC5512367 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2016.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was conducted to investigate the current role of medical oncologists in cancer care with a focus on increasing the recognition of medical oncology as an independent specialty. Materials and Methods Questionnaires modified from the Medical Oncology Status in Europe Survey dealing with oncology structure, resources, research, and patterns of care given by medical oncologists were selected. Several modifications were made to the questionnaire after feedback from the insurance and policy committee of the Korean Association for Clinical Oncology (KACO). The online survey was then sent to KACO members. Results A total of 214 medical oncologists (45.8% of the total inquiries), including 71 directors of medical oncology institutions, took the survey. Most institutions had various resources, including a medical oncology department (94.1%) and a department of radiation oncology (82.4%). There was an average of four medical oncologists at each institution. Medical oncologists were involved in various treatments from diagnosis to end-of-life care. They were also chemotherapy providers from a wide range of institutions that treated many types of solid cancers. In addition, 86.2% of the institutions conducted research. Conclusion This is the first national survey in Korea to show that medical oncologists are involved in a wide range of cancer treatments and care. This survey emphasizes the contributions and proper roles of medical oncologists in the evolving health care environment in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Yeun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Yun Gyoo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bong-Seog Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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