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New insights into molecular chaperone TRAP1 as a feasible target for future cancer treatments. Life Sci 2020; 254:117737. [PMID: 32376268 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1), a molecular chaperone, is a major member of the mitochondrial heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) family. Studies have shown that TRAP1 can prevent hypoxia-induced damage to cardiomyocytes, maintain cardiomyocytes viability and mitochondrial membrane potential, and protect cardiomyocytes. In addition, it can also protect astrocytes from ischemic damage in vitro. In recent years, there have been many new discoveries in tumors. The abnormal expression of TRAP1 is closely related to the occurrence and development of various tumors. TRAP1 protein seems to be a central regulatory protein, involved in the activation of various oncogenic proteins and signaling pathways, and has a balanced function at tumor transformation and the intersection of different metabolic processes. Targeting its chaperone activity and molecular interactions can destroy the metabolism and survival adaptability of tumor cells, paving the way for the development of highly selective mitochondrial anti-tumor drugs. Moreover, the combination of TRAP1 inhibition and current traditional cancer therapies has shown promising applications. These findings have important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors. Therefore, we reviewed the recently identified functions of the molecular chaperone TRAP1 in cancer development and progression, as well as the discovery and recent advances in selective TRAP1 inhibitors as anticancer drug therapies, opening up new attractive prospects for exploring strategies for targeting TRAP1 as a tumor cell target.
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Gene Copy Number and Post-Transductional Mechanisms Regulate TRAP1 Expression in Human Colorectal Carcinomas. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010145. [PMID: 31878280 PMCID: PMC6981705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Protein 1 (TRAP1) is a heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) molecular chaperone overexpressed in 60-70% human colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) and the co-upregulation of TRAP1 and associated 6-related proteins identifies metastatic CRCs with poor prognosis. Since the molecular mechanisms responsible for TRAP1 regulation are still unknown, the significance of TRAP1 gene copy number (CN) and the role of post-transductional protein modifications were addressed. TRAP1 gene aneuploidy accounted for 34.5% of cases in a cohort of 58 human CRCs and TRAP1 CN correlated with its mRNA and protein expression, suggesting that transcriptional mechanisms are responsible for TRAP1 upregulation. Furthermore, the analysis of the National Cancer Institute's Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium/The Cancer Genome Atlas (CPTAC/TCGA) CRC database showed that TRAP1 polysomy significantly correlates with lymph node involvement. However, a subgroup of tumors showed TRAP1 protein levels independent from its CN. Of note, a direct correlation was observed between TRAP1 protein levels and the expression of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), a denitrosylase involved in the regulation of protein S-nitrosylation. Furthermore, CRC cell lines exposed to hypoxia or dichloroacetate treatment showed the downregulation of TRAP1 upon GSNOR silencing and this resulted in increased TRAP1 mono/polyubiquitination. These data suggest that transcriptional and post-transductional mechanisms account for TRAP1 expression in human CRCs and GSNOR protects TRAP1 from S-nitrosylation and consequent proteasome degradation mostly in conditions of stress.
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De Andrade WP, Da Conceição Braga L, Gonçales NG, Silva LM, Da Silva Filho AL. HSPA1A, HSPA1L and TRAP1 heat shock genes may be associated with prognosis in ovarian epithelial cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 19:359-367. [PMID: 31897148 PMCID: PMC6923843 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy, with the presence of chemoresistance contributing to the poor prognosis. Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) genes are activated in response to pathophysiological stress and serve a role in a variety of stages in carcinogenesis, acting primarily as anti-apoptotic agents and in chemotherapy resistance in a variety of tumor types. The current study evaluated the HSP gene expression profile in women with ovarian cancer (OC) and their correlation with clinical and pathological aspects of patients with OC. A total of 51 patients included in the current study were divided into four groups: Primary Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC; n=14), metastatic EOC (n=11), ovarian serous cystadenoma (n=7) and no evidence of ovarian malignancy or control groups (n=19). RNA extraction and reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q) PCR was then performed on the samples obtained. RT-qPCR was performed to compare TNF receptor associated protein 1 (TRAP1), heat shock protein family (HSP) HSPB1, HSPD1, HSPA1A and HSPA1L expression in primary and metastatic EOCs. TRAP1, HSPB1, HSPD1, HSPA1A and HSPA1L gene expression did not differ among groups. HSPA1A, HSPA1L and TRAP1 were revealed to be underexpressed in the primary and metastatic EOC groups, with HSPA1L exhibiting the lowest expression. TRAP1 expression was higher in tumors at stages I/II compared with those at stages III/IV. No correlation was exhibited between HSP expression and age, menarche, menopause, parity, period after menopause initiation, cytoreduction, CA-125 or overall and disease-free survival. HSPA1A was negatively correlated with the risk of mortality from OC. The results indicated that the downregulation of HSPA1A, HSPA1L and TRAP1 could be associated with the clinical prognostic features of women with EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warne Pedro De Andrade
- Oncology Service, Vera Cruz Hospital, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30180-090, Brazil.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Sao Paulo 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Letícia Da Conceição Braga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Sao Paulo 18618-687, Brazil.,Cellular Biology Service, Research and Development Department, Ezequiel Dias Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30510-010, Brazil
| | - Nikole Gontijo Gonçales
- Cellular Biology Service, Research and Development Department, Ezequiel Dias Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30510-010, Brazil
| | - Luciana Maria Silva
- Cellular Biology Service, Research and Development Department, Ezequiel Dias Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30510-010, Brazil
| | - Agnaldo Lopes Da Silva Filho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Sao Paulo 18618-687, Brazil.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Minas Gerais Federal University, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30130-100, Brazil
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Yang H, Liu J, Jing J, Wang Z, Li Y, Gou K, Feng X, Yuan Y, Xing C. Expression of DDB2 Protein in the Initiation, Progression, and Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer. Dig Dis Sci 2018; 63:2959-2968. [PMID: 30054844 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-018-5224-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Damage-specific DNA binding protein 2 (DDB2) is implicated in the recognition of DNA damage and the initiation of nucleotide excision repair process. The aim of this study was to explore the role of DDB2 in the initiation, progression, and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS Totally tissues of 300 CRC and 300 adjacent, 267 colorectal adenoma (CRA) and 214 normal (NOR) were collected. The expression of DDB2 protein was detected by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS DDB2 protein was highly expressed in CRC and CRA compared with NOR (P < 0.001, respectively) in the dynamic sequence of NOR → CRA → CRC; CRC tissue demonstrated increased DDB2 expression compared with non-tumor adjacent tissues (P < 0.001). DDB2 expression was higher in T1-T2 than that in T3-T4 in CRC (P = 0.023); cloddy/nested CRC demonstrated increased DDB2 expression than infiltrative CRC (P = 0.007). Survival analysis showed that high DDB2 expression was associated with favorable survival in colon cancer (adjusted HR 0.20, 95% CI 0.06-0.72, P = 0.014) and female CRC patients (adjusted HR 0.27, 95% CI 0.08-0.92, P = 0.036). CONCLUSION DDB2 protein expression was associated with the initiation, progression, and prognosis of CRC, and might function as a tumor biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiwei Yang
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, 155# North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jingwei Liu
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, 155# North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jingjing Jing
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, 155# North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zeyang Wang
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, 155# North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yi Li
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, 155# North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Kaihua Gou
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, 155# North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xue Feng
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, 155# North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, 155# North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110001, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Chengzhong Xing
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, 155# North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, 110001, Liaoning Province, China.
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Takeyama H, Wakasa T, Inoue K, Kitani K, Tsujie M, Ogawa T, Yukawa M, Ohta Y, Inoue M. Thymidylate synthase expression in primary colorectal cancer as a predictive marker for the response to 5-fluorouracil- and oxaliplatin-based preoperative chemotherapy for liver metastases. Mol Clin Oncol 2018; 9:3-10. [PMID: 29977534 PMCID: PMC6031013 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2018.1623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), predictive markers for response to preoperative chemotherapy are lacking. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of thymidylate synthase (TS) and excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) as predictive markers in CRLM. A total of 24 patients with CRLM were included in this study. Tumor response was evaluated using the tumor regression grade (TRG) and Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) methods. TS and ERCC1 expression in paired CRLM and primary lesions were assessed by immunohistochemistry. We analyzed correlations between i) the response to preoperative chemotherapy evaluated by TRG and RECIST, ii) TS and ERCC1 expression and the response evaluated by TRG and RESICT, and iii) TS and ERCC1 expression in matched pairs of primary tumor and CRLM. The preoperative chemotherapy response evaluated by TRG and RECIST was significantly associated (P=0.0005). The response based on RECIST criteria and TRG was significantly associated with TS expression in the primary tumor (P=0.0272, and P=0.0137, respectively). No correlations were detected between marker expression in the primary tumor and in CRLM for either TS or ERCC1 (P=0.371 and P=1.00, respectively). Our data suggested that TS expression in the primary tumor is a predictive marker of preoperative chemotherapy response in CRLM based on both TRG and RECIST methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Takeyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Nara 630-0293, Japan
| | - Tomoko Wakasa
- Department of Pathology, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Nara 630-0293, Japan
| | - Keisuke Inoue
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Nara 630-0293, Japan
| | - Kotaro Kitani
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Nara 630-0293, Japan
| | - Masanori Tsujie
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Nara 630-0293, Japan
| | - Takafumi Ogawa
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Masao Yukawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Nara 630-0293, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ohta
- Department of Pathology, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Nara 630-0293, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Inoue
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Nara 630-0293, Japan
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Liu H, Liao Y, Tang M, Wu T, Tan D, Zhang S, Wang H. Trps1 is associated with the multidrug resistance of lung cancer cell by regulating MGMT gene expression. Cancer Med 2018; 7:1921-1932. [PMID: 29601666 PMCID: PMC5943538 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) often leads to chemotherapy failure of lung cancer and has been linking to the cellular expression of several DNA transcription- and repair-related genes such as Trps1 and MGMT. However, their roles in the formation of MDR are largely unknown. In this study, overexpression/knockdown, luciferase assay and ChIP assay were performed to study the relationship between Trps1 and MGMT, as well as their roles in MDR formation. Our results demonstrated that Trps1 and MGMT expression both increased in drug-resistant lung cancer cell line (H446/CDDP). Silencing of Trps1 resulted in downregulation of MGMT expression and decrease in the multidrug sensitivity of H446/CDDP cells, while Trps1 overexpression exhibited the opposite effects in H446 cells. Ectopic expression of MGMT had no effect on Trps1 expression, but enhanced the IC50 values of H446 cells or rescued the IC50 values of Trps1-silenced H446/CDDP cells in treatment of multidrug. Our data further showed that, mechanistically, Trps1 acted as a transcription activator that directly induced MGMT transcription by binding to the MGMT promoter. Taken together, we consider that upregulation of Trps1 induces MGMT transcription contributing to the formation of MDR in lung cancer cells. Our findings proved potential targets for reversing MDR in clinical chemotherapy of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Liu
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Liao
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Deli Tan
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shixin Zhang
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Haidong Wang
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Laporte GA, Leguisamo NM, Kalil AN, Saffi J. Clinical importance of DNA repair in sporadic colorectal cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 126:168-185. [PMID: 29759559 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. However, despite the scientific efforts to provide a molecular classification to improve CRC clinical practice management, prognosis and therapeutic decision are still strongly dependent on the TNM staging system. Mismatch repair system deficiencies can occur in many organs, but it is mainly a hallmark of CRC influencing clinical outcomes and response to therapy. This review will discuss the effect of the modulation of other DNA repair pathways (direct, excision and double strand break repairs) in the clinical and pathological aspects of colorectal cancer and its potential as prognostic and predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo A Laporte
- Surgical Oncology Service, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre (ISCMPA), Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Natalia M Leguisamo
- Institute of Cardiology/University Foundation of Cardiology, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Antonio N Kalil
- Surgical Oncology Service, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre (ISCMPA), Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jenifer Saffi
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Maddalena F, Simeon V, Vita G, Bochicchio A, Possidente L, Sisinni L, Lettini G, Condelli V, Matassa DS, Li Bergolis V, Fersini A, Romito S, Aieta M, Ambrosi A, Esposito F, Landriscina M. TRAP1 protein signature predicts outcome in human metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:21229-21240. [PMID: 28177905 PMCID: PMC5400579 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
TRAP1 is a HSP90 molecular chaperone upregulated in colorectal carcinomas and involved in control of intracellular signaling, cell cycle, apoptosis and drug resistance, stemness and bioenergetics through co-traslational regulation of a network of client proteins. Thus, the clinical significance of TRAP1 protein network was analyzed in human colorectal cancers. TRAP1 and/or its client proteins were quantified, by immunoblot analysis, in 60 surgical specimens of colorectal carcinomas at different stages and, by immunohistochemistry, in 9 colorectal adenomatous polyps, 11 in situ carcinomas and 55 metastatic colorectal tumors. TRAP1 is upregulated at the transition between low- and high-grade adenomas, in in situ carcinomas and in about 60% of human colorectal carcinomas, being downregulated only in a small cohort of tumors. The analysis of TCGA database showed that a subgroup of colorectal tumors is characterized by gain/loss of TRAP1 copy number, this correlating with its mRNA and protein expression. Interestingly, TRAP1 is co-expressed with the majority of its client proteins and hierarchical cluster analysis showed that the upregulation of TRAP1 and associated 6-protein signature (i.e., IF2α, eF1A, TBP7, MAD2, CDK1 and βCatenin) identifies a cohort of metastatic colorectal carcinomas with a significantly shorter overall survival (HR 5.4; 95% C.I. 1.1-26.6; p=0.037). Consistently, the prognostic relevance of TRAP1 was confirmed in a cohort of 55 metastatic colorectal tumors. Finally, TRAP1 positive expression and its prognostic value are more evident in left colon cancers. These data suggest that TRAP1 protein network may provide a prognostic signature in human metastatic colorectal carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Maddalena
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Vittorio Simeon
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Giulia Vita
- Pathology, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Annamaria Bochicchio
- Medical Oncology Units, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Luciana Possidente
- Pathology, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Lorenza Sisinni
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Giacomo Lettini
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Valentina Condelli
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Danilo Swann Matassa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Li Bergolis
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - Alberto Fersini
- General Surgery Units, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - Sante Romito
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - Michele Aieta
- Medical Oncology Units, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Antonio Ambrosi
- General Surgery Units, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - Franca Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Landriscina
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.,Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
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Lettini G, Maddalena F, Sisinni L, Condelli V, Matassa DS, Costi MP, Simoni D, Esposito F, Landriscina M. TRAP1: a viable therapeutic target for future cancer treatments? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 21:805-815. [PMID: 28664757 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1349755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION HSP90 molecular chaperones (i.e., HSP90α, HSP90β, GRP94 and TRAP1) are potential therapeutic targets to design novel anticancer agents. However, despite numerous designed HSP90 inhibitors, most of them have failed due to unfavorable toxicity profiles and lack of specificity toward different HSP90 paralogs. Indeed, a major limitation in this field is the high structural homology between different HSP90 chaperones, which significantly limits our capacity to design paralog-specific inhibitors. Area covered: This review examines the relevance of TRAP1 in tumor development and progression, with an emphasis on its oncogenic/oncosuppressive role in specific human malignancies and its multifaceted and context-dependent functions in cancer cells. Herein, we discuss the rationale for considering TRAP1 as a potential molecular target and the strategies used to date, to achieve its compartmentalized inhibition directly in mitochondria. Expert opinion: TRAP1 targeting may represent a promising strategy for cancer therapy, based on the increasing and compelling evidence supporting TRAP1 involvement in human carcinogenesis. However, considering the complexity of TRAP1 biology, future strategies of drug discovery need to improve selectivity and specificity toward TRAP1 respect to other HSP90 paralogs. The characterization of specific human malignancies suitable for TRAP1 targeting is also mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Lettini
- a Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research , IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| | - Francesca Maddalena
- a Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research , IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| | - Lorenza Sisinni
- a Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research , IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| | - Valentina Condelli
- a Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research , IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| | - Danilo Swann Matassa
- b Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology , University of Naples Federico II , Napoli , Italy
| | - Maria Paola Costi
- c Department of Life Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| | - Daniele Simoni
- d Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Franca Esposito
- b Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology , University of Naples Federico II , Napoli , Italy
| | - Matteo Landriscina
- a Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research , IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture , Italy.,e Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences , University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy
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Pak MG, Koh HJ, Roh MS. Clinicopathologic significance of TRAP1 expression in colorectal cancer: a large scale study of human colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues. Diagn Pathol 2017; 12:6. [PMID: 28088229 PMCID: PMC5237536 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-017-0598-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer is the major cause of cancer mortality, despite development of therapeutic strategies. The novel marker tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1) is a mitochondrial heat shock protein that has been related to drug resistance and protection from apoptosis in colorectal cancer. This study aims to delineate the clinicopathologic significance of TRAP1 expression in colorectal cancer. Methods Seven-hundred and fourteen FFPE tissues were collected from colorectal cancer patients who underwent surgery from February 2002 to July 2011 at Dong-A University Medical Center, Busan, South Korea. We performed TRAP1 immunohistochemistry using tissue microarray, and divided into two groups, TRAP1 high expression group and low expression group. Statistical analysis was utilized to evaluate the association of TRAP1 with clinicopathologic characteristics and disease-specific survival of patients. Results High TRAP1 expression was observed in 564 cases (79%) and low expression was 150 cases (21%). TRAP1 expression was significantly increased in colorectal cancer with advanced pathologic T-stage compared with that in early T-stage (p = 0.008). By univariate survival analysis, high TRAP1 expression was significantly associated with worse disease-specific survival (p = 0.01). But, TRAP1 expression was marginally associated with lymph node involvement and tumor differentiation (p = 0.085, p = 0.082, respectively). Multivariate analysis indicated that TRAP1 expression (hazard ratio, 1.947; 95% CI, 1.270 to 2.984; p = 0.002), and pathologic T stage (hazard ratio, 3.190; 95% CI, 1.275 to 7.983; p = 0.013) were independent prognostic factors for colorectal adenocarcinomas. Conclusions Here, we found that overexpression of TRAP1 might contribute to tumor cell local invasion of colorectal cancer. The association between TRAP1 overexpression and worse disease-specific survival also suggested that TRAP1 protein expression might have oncogenic role. Consequently, our data demonstrated that TRAP1 expression was a good prognostic biomarker for depth of invasion and disease-specific survival in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Gyoung Pak
- Department of Pathology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, 26 Daesingongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49201, South Korea
| | - Hyong Jong Koh
- Department of Parmacology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Mee Sook Roh
- Department of Pathology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, 26 Daesingongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49201, South Korea.
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11
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Amoroso MR, Matassa DS, Agliarulo I, Avolio R, Lu H, Sisinni L, Lettini G, Gabra H, Landriscina M, Esposito F. TRAP1 downregulation in human ovarian cancer enhances invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2522. [PMID: 27977010 PMCID: PMC5260997 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the second leading cause of gynecological cancer death worldwide. Although the list of biomarkers is still growing, molecular mechanisms involved in OC development and progression remain elusive. We recently demonstrated that lower expression of the molecular chaperone TRAP1 in OC patients correlates with higher tumor grade and stage, and platinum resistance. Herein we show that TRAP1 is often deleted in high-grade serous OC patients (N=579), and that TRAP1 expression is correlated with the copy number, suggesting this could be one of the driving mechanisms for the loss of TRAP1 expression in OC. At molecular level, downregulation of TRAP1 associates with higher expression of p70S6K, a kinase frequently active in OC with emerging roles in cell migration and tumor metastasis. Indeed, TRAP1 silencing in different OC cells induces upregulation of p70S6K expression and activity, enhancement of cell motility and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Consistently, in a large cohort of OC patients, TRAP1 expression is reduced in tumor metastases and directly correlates with the epithelial marker E-Cadherin, whereas it inversely correlates with the transcription factor Slug and the matrix metallopeptidases 2 and 9. Strikingly, pharmacological inhibition of p70S6K reverts the high motility phenotype of TRAP1 knock-down cells. However, although p70S6K inhibition or silencing reduces the expression of the transcription factors Snail and Slug, thus inducing upregulation of E-Cadherin expression, it is unable to revert EMT induced by TRAP1 silencing; furthermore, p70S6K did not show any significant correlation with EMT genes in patients, nor with overall survival or tumor stage, suggesting an independent and predominant role for TRAP1 in OC progression. Altogether, these results may provide novel approaches in OC with reduced TRAP1 expression, which could be resistant to therapeutic strategies based on the inhibition of the p70S6K pathway, with potential future intervention in OC invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Amoroso
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Napoli, Italy
| | - Danilo S Matassa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Napoli, Italy
| | - Ilenia Agliarulo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosario Avolio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Napoli, Italy
| | - Haonan Lu
- Imperial College London, Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Cancer and Surgery, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, London, UK
| | - Lorenza Sisinni
- Laboratorio di Ricerca Preclinica e Traslazionale, IRCCS-CROB, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico Della Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Giacomo Lettini
- Laboratorio di Ricerca Preclinica e Traslazionale, IRCCS-CROB, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico Della Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Hani Gabra
- Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Matteo Landriscina
- Laboratorio di Ricerca Preclinica e Traslazionale, IRCCS-CROB, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico Della Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università Degli Studi di Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Franca Esposito
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Napoli, Italy
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12
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Lettini G, Sisinni L, Condelli V, Matassa DS, Simeon V, Maddalena F, Gemei M, Lopes E, Vita G, Del Vecchio L, Esposito F, Landriscina M. TRAP1 regulates stemness through Wnt/β-catenin pathway in human colorectal carcinoma. Cell Death Differ 2016; 23:1792-1803. [PMID: 27662365 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2016.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Indeed, treatment failures are triggered by cancer stem cells (CSCs) that give rise to tumor repopulation upon initial remission. Thus, the role of the heat shock protein TRAP1 in stemness was investigated in CRC cell lines and human specimens, based on its involvement in colorectal carcinogenesis, through regulation of apoptosis, protein homeostasis and bioenergetics. Strikingly, co-expression between TRAP1 and stem cell markers was observed in stem cells located at the bottom of intestinal crypts and in CSCs sorted from CRC cell lines. Noteworthy, TRAP1 knockdown reduced the expression of stem cell markers and impaired colony formation, being the CSC phenotype and the anchorage-independent growth conserved in TRAP1-rich cancer cells. Consistently, the gene expression profiling of HCT116 cells showed that TRAP1 silencing results in the loss of the stem-like signature with acquisition of a more-differentiated phenotype and the downregulation of genes encoding for activating ligands and target proteins of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Mechanistically, TRAP1 maintenance of stemness is mediated by the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, through the modulation of the expression of frizzled receptor ligands and the control of β-catenin ubiquitination/phosphorylation. Remarkably, TRAP1 is associated with higher expression of β-catenin and several Wnt/β-catenin target genes in human CRCs, thus supporting the relevance of TRAP1 regulation of β-catenin in human pathology. This study is the first demonstration that TRAP1 regulates stemness and Wnt/β-catenin pathway in CRC and provides novel landmarks in cancer biology and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Lettini
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Lorenza Sisinni
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Valentina Condelli
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Danilo Swann Matassa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Vittorio Simeon
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Francesca Maddalena
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Marica Gemei
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Elvira Lopes
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Giulia Vita
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Luigi Del Vecchio
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Franca Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Landriscina
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy.,Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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13
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Palladino G, Notarangelo T, Pannone G, Piscazzi A, Lamacchia O, Sisinni L, Spagnoletti G, Toti P, Santoro A, Storto G, Bufo P, Cignarelli M, Esposito F, Landriscina M. TRAP1 regulates cell cycle and apoptosis in thyroid carcinoma cells. Endocr Relat Cancer 2016; 23:699-709. [PMID: 27422900 DOI: 10.1530/erc-16-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1) is a heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) molecular chaperone upregulated in several human malignancies and involved in protection from apoptosis and drug resistance, cell cycle progression, cell metabolism and quality control of specific client proteins. TRAP1 role in thyroid carcinoma (TC), still unaddressed at present, was investigated by analyzing its expression in a cohort of 86 human TCs and evaluating its involvement in cancer cell survival and proliferation in vitro Indeed, TRAP1 levels progressively increased from normal peritumoral thyroid gland, to papillary TCs (PTCs), follicular variants of PTCs (FV-PTCs) and poorly differentiated TCs (PDTCs). By contrast, anaplastic thyroid tumors exhibited a dual pattern, the majority being characterized by high TRAP1 levels, while a small subgroup completely negative. Consistently with a potential involvement of TRAP1 in thyroid carcinogenesis, TRAP1 silencing resulted in increased sensitivity to paclitaxel-induced apoptosis, inhibition of cell cycle progression and attenuation of ERK signaling. Noteworthy, the inhibition of TRAP1 ATPase activity by pharmacological agents resulted in attenuation of cell proliferation, inhibition of ERK signaling and reversion of drug resistance. These data suggest that TRAP1 inhibition may be regarded as potential strategy to target specific features of human TCs, i.e., cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Palladino
- Medical Oncology UnitDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Tiziana Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational ResearchIRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Potenza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pannone
- Anatomic Pathology UnitDepartment of Clinic and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Annamaria Piscazzi
- Medical Oncology UnitDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Olga Lamacchia
- Endocrinology UnitDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Lorenza Sisinni
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational ResearchIRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Potenza, Italy
| | - Girolamo Spagnoletti
- Medical Oncology UnitDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Paolo Toti
- Pathology UnitDepartment of Human Pathology and Oncology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Angela Santoro
- Institute of Histopathology and Diagnostic CytopathologyFondazione di Ricerca e Cura 'Giovanni Paolo II' UCSC, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giovanni Storto
- Nuclear Medicine UnitIRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Potenza, Italy
| | - Pantaleo Bufo
- Anatomic Pathology UnitDepartment of Clinic and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Mauro Cignarelli
- Endocrinology UnitDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Franca Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical BiotechnologyUniversity of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Landriscina
- Medical Oncology UnitDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational ResearchIRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Potenza, Italy
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14
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Kap EJ, Popanda O, Chang-Claude J. Nucleotide excision repair and response and survival to chemotherapy in colorectal cancer patients. Pharmacogenomics 2016; 17:755-94. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2015-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Several new chemotherapeutic agents have become available for the treatment of colorectal cancer, which has led to increased complexity in treatment planning. Treatment decision making for individual patients could be facilitated if guided by predictive and prognostic markers. As most cytotoxic drugs induce DNA damage, the DNA damage repair pathways hold potential for yielding such biomarkers. Here, we review the current evidence of a possible involvement of the nucleotide excision repair pathway in the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Although a large number of studies have been conducted, they are generally of moderate size and heterogeneous in design. Up to date no firm conclusions can be drawn to translate these results into the clinic. We recommend further comprehensive investigations of the nucleotide excision repair pathway in large patient studies that include both discovery and validation cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth J Kap
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Odilia Popanda
- Division of Epigenomics & Cancer Risk Factors, DKFZ, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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15
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Si T, Yang G, Qiu X, Luo Y, Liu B, Wang B. Expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 and its clinical significance in kidney cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:13090-13095. [PMID: 26722505 PMCID: PMC4680450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression and clinical significance of TRAP1 (tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1) in kidney cancer. METHODS TRAP1 expression was detected in kidney cancer and normal kidney tissues by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC), respectively. Then, the correlation of TRAP1 expression with clinicopathological characters and patients' prognosis was evaluated in kidney cancer. RESULTS IHC results revealed that the high-expression rates of TRAP1 in kidney cancer tissues and normal kidney tissues were 51.3% (41/80), 23.3% (7/30), and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.01). Also, TRAP1 mRNA level in kidney cancer was found to be significantly greater compared with those in normal kidney by qRT-PCR. In addition, TRAP1 expression in kidney cancer significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and clinical stage (P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that the mean survival time of patients with TRAP1 low-expression was significantly higher (56 months) than those patients with TRAP1 high-expression (47 months). Meanwhile, Kaplan-Meier and Cox survival analysis indicated that TRAP1, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage were correlated with patients' prognosis. CONCLUSION TRAP1 is highly expressed in kidney cancer and correlates with patients prognosis, which may be served as a potential marker for the diagnosis and treatment of kidney cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Si
- Department of Urology, Guangdong No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital Guangzhou, China
| | - Guosheng Yang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofu Qiu
- Department of Urology, Guangdong No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital Guangzhou, China
| | - Youhua Luo
- Department of Urology, Guangdong No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital Guangzhou, China
| | - Baichuan Liu
- Department of Urology, Guangdong No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingwei Wang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital Guangzhou, China
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16
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A prognostic analysis of 895 cases of stage III colon cancer in different colon subsites. Int J Colorectal Dis 2015; 30:1173-83. [PMID: 26054387 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-015-2273-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Stage III colon cancer is currently treated as an entity with a unified therapeutic principle. The aim of the retrospective study is to explore the clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of site-specific stage III colon cancers and the influences of tumor location on prognosis. METHODS Eight hundred ninety-five patients with stage III colon cancer treated with radical operation and subsequent adjuvant chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil/oxaliplatin) were divided into seven groups according to colon segment (cecum, ascending colon, hepatic flexure, transverse colon, splenic flexure, descending colon, and sigmoid colon). Expression of excision repair cross-complementing group 1 (ERCC1) and thymidylate synthase (TS) was examined by immunohistochemistry. We assessed if differences exist in patient characteristics and clinic outcomes between the seven groups. RESULTS There were significant differences in tumor differentiation (P < 0.001), T stage (P < 0.001), N stage (P < 0.001), American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage (P < 0.001), metachronous liver metastasis (P < 0.001), metachronous lung metastasis (P < 0.001), and ERCCI expression (P < 0.001) between the seven groups. Both 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) and 5-year overall survival (OS) exhibited significant differences (both P < 0.001) with survival gradually decreasing from cecum to sigmoid colon. Cox regression analyses identified that tumor location was an independent prognostic factor for RFS and OS. CONCLUSIONS Stage III colon cancer located proximally carried a poorer survival than that located distally. Different efficacies of FOLFOX adjuvant chemotherapy may be an important factor affecting survival of site-specific stage III colon cancers.
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17
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Mehmood RK. Review of Cisplatin and oxaliplatin in current immunogenic and monoclonal antibody treatments. Oncol Rev 2014; 8:256. [PMID: 25992242 PMCID: PMC4419649 DOI: 10.4081/oncol.2014.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based chemotherapy agents initially transformed cancer treatment. However their effectiveness peaked as combined regimes showed little additional benefit in trials. New research frontiers developed with the discovery that conventional chemotherapy can induce immunological cell death by recruiting high mobility group box 1 protein through T-cell immunity. Simultaneously monoclonal antibody agents (not effective as monotherapies) showed good results in combination with conventional chemotherapy. Some of these combinations are currently in use and researchers hope to develop regimes which can offer substantial benefits. Several resistance mechanisms against platinum compounds are known, but more knowledge is still needed to gain a full understanding. It seems reasonable therefore to revisit the pharmacology of these agents, which may also lead to identify rational combinations with monoclonal agents providing regimes with less toxicity and better efficacy. This article reviews the pharmacology of cisplatin and oxaliplatin and explores their possible association with monoclonal antibody treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rao Khalid Mehmood
- Department of Colorectal and General Surgery, University Board Hospital , Rhyl, North Wales, UK
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18
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Amoroso MR, Matassa DS, Sisinni L, Lettini G, Landriscina M, Esposito F. TRAP1 revisited: novel localizations and functions of a 'next-generation' biomarker (review). Int J Oncol 2014; 45:969-77. [PMID: 24990602 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, the identification and characterization of novel molecular mechanisms and pathways involving the heat shock protein TRAP1/HSP75 in cancers and other diseases enhanced the scientific interest. Recent reports have shown that TRAP1 stays at the crossroad of multiple crucial processes in the onset of neoplastic transformation. In fact, TRAP1: i) contributes to the tumor's switch to aerobic glycolysis through the inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase, the complex II of the mitochondrial respiratory chain; ii) is part of a pro-survival signaling pathway aimed at evading the toxic effects of oxidants and anticancer drugs and protects mitochondria against damaging stimuli via a decrease of ROS generation; iii) controls protein homeostasis through a direct involvement in the regulation of protein synthesis and protein co-translational degradation. Therefore, TRAP1 seems to be a central regulatory protein with balancing functions at the intersection of different metabolic processes during the neoplastic transformation. For this reason, it can be considered at the same time an attractive target for the development of novel anticancer strategies and a promising study model to understand the biology of tumor cells at a systemic level. This review summarizes the most recent advances in TRAP1 biology and proposes a new comprehensive view of its functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danilo Swann Matassa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorenza Sisinni
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Centre of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Giacomo Lettini
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Centre of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy
| | - Matteo Landriscina
- Clinical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Franca Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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19
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Mehmood RK, Parker J, Ahmed S, Qasem E, Mohammed AA, Zeeshan M, Jehangir E. Review of Cisplatin and Oxaliplatin in Current Immunogenic and Monoclonal Antibodies Perspective. World J Oncol 2014; 5:97-108. [PMID: 29147386 PMCID: PMC5649811 DOI: 10.14740/wjon830w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based chemotherapy made a paradigm shift in the treatment of different cancers initially; however, the success of these agents may have reached the peak as researchers have tried different combination regimes in different trials without having major differences in the end results. New frontiers of research were opened up firstly with this discovery that conventional chemo-radiation therapy can induce immunological cell death by recruiting high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein which triggers the T cell immunity and secondly monoclonal antibodies agents which were regrettably not effective as “monotherapy”; however, the combination with conventional chemotherapy had demonstrated good results. Different monoclonal antibodies and conventional chemotherapeutic combination regimes are currently in use and researchers are trying different other combinations as well to glean the maximum benefits from them. Several strategies conferring resistance to platinum compounds have been identified, but there is still significant research required to achieve full understanding of these resistance mechanisms to overcome the ineffectiveness or toxicities of platinum compounds. It seems reasonable in the current perspective when conventional chemotherapeutic agents exhibited immunogenic cell death and they are currently in use with monoclonal antibodies to revisit the platinum agent’s pharmacology. This may discover new basis for combination chemotherapy with monoclonal antibodies which may improve the current cancer treatments by opening new vistas for newer combination regimes with less toxicity and better efficacy. In this article we review the pharmacologies of both cisplatin and oxaliplatin in the drug development perspectives and explore the possible association of these drugs with monoclonal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rao Khalid Mehmood
- Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Department of Surgery, Ysbyty Glan Clwyd, Rhyl, North Wales, LL18 5UJ, UK
| | - Jody Parker
- Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Department of Surgery, Ysbyty Glan Clwyd, Rhyl, North Wales, LL18 5UJ, UK
| | - Shakil Ahmed
- The Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Prescot Street, Liverpool, L7 8XP, UK
| | - Eyas Qasem
- Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Department of Surgery, Ysbyty Glan Clwyd, Rhyl, North Wales, LL18 5UJ, UK
| | - Ahmed A Mohammed
- Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Department of Surgery, Ysbyty Glan Clwyd, Rhyl, North Wales, LL18 5UJ, UK
| | - Muhammed Zeeshan
- Acute University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cumberland Infirmary Carlisle, Newtown Rd, Carlisle, Cumbria, CA2 7HY, UK
| | - Ernest Jehangir
- Acute University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cumberland Infirmary Carlisle, Newtown Rd, Carlisle, Cumbria, CA2 7HY, UK
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