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Olewe PK, Awandu SS, Munde EO, Anyona SB, Raballah E, Amolo AS, Ogola S, Ndenga E, Onyango CO, Rochford R, Perkins DJ, Ouma C. Hemoglobinopathies, merozoite surface protein-2 gene polymorphisms, and acquisition of Epstein Barr virus among infants in Western Kenya. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:566. [PMID: 37340364 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11063-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epstein Barr virus (EBV)-associated endemic Burkitt's Lymphoma pediatric cancer is associated with morbidity and mortality among children resident in holoendemic Plasmodium falciparum regions in western Kenya. P. falciparum exerts strong selection pressure on sickle cell trait (SCT), alpha thalassemia (-α3.7/αα), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), and merozoite surface protein 2 (MSP-2) variants (FC27, 3D7) that confer reduced malarial disease severity. The current study tested the hypothesis that SCT, (-α3.7/αα), G6PD mutation and (MSP-2) variants (FC27, 3D7) are associated with an early age of EBV acquisition. METHODS Data on infant EBV infection status (< 6 and ≥ 6-12 months of age) was abstracted from a previous longitudinal study. Archived infant DNA (n = 81) and mothers DNA (n = 70) samples were used for genotyping hemoglobinopathies and MSP-2. The presence of MSP-2 genotypes in maternal DNA samples was used to indicate infant in-utero malarial exposure. Genetic variants were determined by TaqMan assays or standard PCR. Group differences were determined by Chi-square or Fisher's analysis. Bivariate regression modeling was used to determine the relationship between the carriage of genetic variants and EBV acquisition. RESULTS EBV acquisition for infants < 6 months was not associated with -α3.7/αα (OR = 1.824, P = 0.354), SCT (OR = 0.897, P = 0.881), or G6PD [Viangchan (871G > A)/Chinese (1024 C > T) (OR = 2.614, P = 0.212)] and [Union (1360 C > T)/Kaiping (1388G > A) (OR = 0.321, P = 0.295)]. There was no relationship between EBV acquisition and in-utero exposure to either FC27 (OR = 0.922, P = 0.914) or 3D7 (OR = 0.933, P = 0.921). In addition, EBV acquisition in infants ≥ 6-12 months also showed no association with -α3.7/αα (OR = 0.681, P = 0.442), SCT (OR = 0.513, P = 0.305), G6PD [(Viangchan (871G > A)/Chinese (1024 C > T) (OR = 0.640, P = 0.677)], [Mahidol (487G > A)/Coimbra (592 C > T) (OR = 0.948, P = 0.940)], [(Union (1360 C > T)/Kaiping (1388G > A) (OR = 1.221, P = 0.768)], African A (OR = 0.278, P = 0.257)], or in utero exposure to either FC27 (OR = 0.780, P = 0.662) or 3D7 (OR = 0.549, P = 0.241). CONCLUSION Although hemoglobinopathies (-α3.7/αα, SCT, and G6PD mutations) and in-utero exposure to MSP-2 were not associated with EBV acquisition in infants 0-12 months, novel G6PD variants were discovered in the population from western Kenya. To establish that the known and novel hemoglobinopathies, and in utero MSP-2 exposure do not confer susceptibility to EBV, future studies with larger sample sizes from multiple sites adopting genome-wide analysis are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perez K Olewe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Bondo, Kenya
- University of New Mexico-Kenyan Global Health Programs Laboratories, Kisumu and Siaya, New Mexico, Kenya
| | - Shehu Shagari Awandu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Bondo, Kenya
| | - Elly O Munde
- University of New Mexico-Kenyan Global Health Programs Laboratories, Kisumu and Siaya, New Mexico, Kenya
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Kirinyaga University, Kerugoya, Kenya
| | - Samuel B Anyona
- University of New Mexico-Kenyan Global Health Programs Laboratories, Kisumu and Siaya, New Mexico, Kenya
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Evans Raballah
- University of New Mexico-Kenyan Global Health Programs Laboratories, Kisumu and Siaya, New Mexico, Kenya
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health Biomedical Science and Technology, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega, Kenya
| | - Asito S Amolo
- Department of Biological Sciences School of Biological, Physical, Mathematics, and Actuarial Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Bondo, Kenya
| | - Sidney Ogola
- Kenya Medical Research Institute - CGHR, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Erick Ndenga
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, School of Public Health and Community Development, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Clinton O Onyango
- University of New Mexico-Kenyan Global Health Programs Laboratories, Kisumu and Siaya, New Mexico, Kenya
| | | | - Douglas J Perkins
- University of New Mexico-Kenyan Global Health Programs Laboratories, Kisumu and Siaya, New Mexico, Kenya
- Center for Global Health, Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, New Mexico, NM, USA
| | - Collins Ouma
- University of New Mexico-Kenyan Global Health Programs Laboratories, Kisumu and Siaya, New Mexico, Kenya.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, School of Public Health and Community Development, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya.
- Research and Innovations, Maseno University, Kisumu-Busia Road Private Bag, Maseno, Kenya.
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Yu R, Cheng L, Yang S, Liu Y, Zhu Z. iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Analysis Reveals Potential Serum Biomarkers for Pediatric Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:848286. [PMID: 35371990 PMCID: PMC8970600 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.848286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is the third most common malignant tumor among children. However, at initial NHL diagnosis, most cases are at an advanced stage because of nonspecific clinical manifestations and currently limited diagnostic methods. This study aimed to screen and verify potential serum biomarkers of pediatric NHL using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-based proteomic analysis. Serum protein expression profiles from children with B-NHL (n=20) and T-NHL (n=20) and healthy controls (n=20) were detected by utilizing iTRAQ in combination with two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (2D LC–MS/MS) and analyzed by applying Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). The candidate biomarkers S100A8 and LRG1 were further validated by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis based on ELISA data was used to evaluate diagnostic efficacy. In total, 534 proteins were identified twice using iTRAQ combined with 2D LC–MS/MS. Further analysis identified 79 and 73 differentially expressed proteins in B-NHL and T-NHL serum, respectively, compared with control serum according to our defined criteria; 34 proteins were overexpressed and 45 proteins underexpressed in B-NHL, whereas 45 proteins were overexpressed and 28 proteins underexpressed in T-NHL (p < 0.05). IPA demonstrated a variety of signaling pathways, including acute phase response signaling and liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor (LXR/RXR) activation, to be strongly associated with pediatric NHL. S100A8 and LRG1 were elevated in NHL patients compared to normal controls according to ELISA (p < 0.05), which was consistent with iTRAQ results. The areas under the ROC curves of S100A8, LRG1, and the combination of S100A8 and LRG1 were 0.873, 0.898 and 0.970, respectively. Our findings indicate that analysis of the serum proteome using iTRAQ combined with 2D LC–MS/MS is a feasible approach for biomarker discovery. Serum S100A8 and LRG1 are promising candidate biomarkers for pediatric NHL, and these differential proteins illustrate a novel pathogenesis and may be clinically helpful for NHL diagnosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runhong Yu
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Institute of Hematology of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Key laboratory of Stem Cell Differentiation and Modification, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Linna Cheng
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Institute of Hematology of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Key laboratory of Stem Cell Differentiation and Modification, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shiwei Yang
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Institute of Hematology of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Key laboratory of Stem Cell Differentiation and Modification, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zunmin Zhu
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Institute of Hematology of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Key laboratory of Stem Cell Differentiation and Modification, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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