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Wudtiwai B, Kodchakorn K, Shwe TH, Pothacharoen P, Phitak T, Suninthaboonrana R, Kongtawelert P. Brazilein inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in breast cancer cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:109988. [PMID: 36933493 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) exhibits high levels of Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, which promotes immune escape and metastasis. Brazilein is a natural compound extracted from Caesalpinia sappan L., and has been demonstrated to be an anti-inflammatory anti- proliferative and apoptosis-inducer in various cancer cells. Here, we investigated the effect of brazilein on EMT and PD-L1 expression in breast cancer cells and its related molecular mechanisms using MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells as a model. Since the AKT, NF-κB, and GSK3β/β-catenin signaling were reported to be important mechanisms in immune escape and metastasis, the effect of brazilein on these signaling pathways were also found out in our study. Firstly, brazilein was treated on breast cancer cells at various concentrations to study cell viability, apoptosis, and apoptosis proteins. Then, breast cancer cells were treated with non-toxic concentrations of brazilein to study its influence on EMT and expression of PD-L1 protein using MTT, flow cytometry, western blot, and wound healing analysis, respectively. We found that brazilein exerts an anti-cancer effect by reducing cell viability via induction of apoptosis, while it also downregulated EMT and PD-L1 through suppression of phosphorylation of AKT, NF-κB, and GSK3β/β-catenin. Moreover, the migration ability was diminished by inhibiting the activation of MMP-9 and MMP-2. Taken together, brazilein might delay cancer progression through inhibition of EMT, PD-L1, and metastasis suggesting it might be a potential therapeutic option in breast cancer patients having a high level of EMT and PD-L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjawan Wudtiwai
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Kanchanok Kodchakorn
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Thuzar Hla Shwe
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Peraphan Pothacharoen
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Thanyaluck Phitak
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | | | - Prachya Kongtawelert
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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Correia Soeiro MDN, Vergoten G, Bailly C. Molecular docking of brazilin and its analogs to barrier‐to‐autointegration factor 1 (BAF1). Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1511:154-163. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gérard Vergoten
- University of Lille, Inserm, INFINITE ‐ U1286, Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol (ICPAL) Faculté de Pharmacie Lille France
| | - Christian Bailly
- OncoWitan Scientific Consulting Office Lille (Wasquehal), 59290 France
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3
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Kim BS, Chung TW, Choi HJ, Bae SJ, Cho HR, Lee SO, Choi JH, Joo JK, Ha KT. Caesalpinia sappan induces apoptotic cell death in ectopic endometrial 12Z cells through suppressing pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 expression. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:357. [PMID: 33732330 PMCID: PMC7903453 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease defined as the growth of endometrial tissues outside the uterus. Although the mechanism underlying the progression of endometriosis has not been fully elucidated, cancer-like aerobic glycolysis is considered to mediate the elevated growth and resistance to apoptosis of endometriotic cells. The heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan L. (family Leguminosae) is a herbal medicinal product used to treat gynecological symptoms, including algomenorrhea and amenorrhea. The results of the present study revealed that endometriotic 12Z cells exhibited more rapid growth than normal endometrial cells (THES). The expression levels of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK)1 and 3 and lactate production were higher in 12Z cells than in THES cells. In addition, the 12Z cells were more sensitive to the cytotoxicity of the aqueous extract of C. sappan heartwood (CS) than the THES cells. CS inhibited lactate production and phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase A by reducing the expression of PDK1. CS also increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and consequently stimulated the apoptosis of 12Z cells. CS-induced cell death was substantially inhibited by exogenous PDK1 expression. In conclusion, CS may be a novel drug candidate for treating endometriosis by inhibiting aerobic glycolysis and inducing ROS-mitochondria-mediated apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Sung Kim
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea.,Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Wook Chung
- Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jung Choi
- Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Bae
- Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Rin Cho
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Syng-Ook Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hye Choi
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea.,Oriental Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kil Joo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea.,Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Republic of Korea
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Mou Z, Wang Y, Li Y. RETRACTED: Brazilein induces apoptosis and G1/G0 phase cell cycle arrest by up-regulation of miR-133a in human vestibular schwannoma cells. Exp Mol Pathol 2019; 107:95-101. [PMID: 30610843 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Given the comments of Dr Elisabeth Bik regarding this article “... the Western blot bands in all 400+ papers are all very regularly spaced and have a smooth appearance in the shape of a dumbbell or tadpole, without any of the usual smudges or stains. All bands are placed on similar looking backgrounds, suggesting they were copy/pasted from other sources, or computer generated”, the journal requested the authors to provide the raw data. However, the authors were not able to fulfil this request and therefore the Editor-in-Chief decided to retract the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyan Mou
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Yongmei Li
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai 264000, China.
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5
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Handayani S, Susidarti RA, Jenie RI, Meiyanto E. Two Active Compounds from Caesalpinia sappan L. in Combination with Cisplatin Synergistically Induce Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest on WiDr Cells. Adv Pharm Bull 2017; 7:375-380. [PMID: 29071219 PMCID: PMC5651058 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2017.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study is to observe the synergistic effect of two active compounds of secang, brazilin and brazilein, combined with cisplatin on WiDr colon cancer cells. Methods: Cytotoxic activities of brazilin (Bi) and brazilein (Be) in single and in combination with cisplatin (Cisp) were examined by MTT assay. Synergistic effect was analyzed by combination index (CI) parameter. Apoptosis and cell cycle profiles were observed by using flow cytometry. Results: The result of MTT assay showed that IC50 value of brazilin and brazilein on WiDr cancer cells were 41 µM and 52 µM respectively. The combination of ½ IC50 of Bi-Cisp reduced cells viability up to 64% and showed synergistic effect with CI value less than 1 (CI = 0.8). The combinations of ½ IC50 of Be-Cisp also reduced cells viability up to 78% and showed synergistic effect (CI=0.65). Combination of Bi-Cisp and Be-Cisp induced apoptosis higher than the single treatments. Further analysis on the cell cycle progression showed that single treatment of ½ IC50 of Be and Bi induced S-phase and G2/M-phase accumulation, while combination of Be-Cisp and Bi-Cisp enhanced S-phase accumulation. Conclusion: Both combination of Bi-Cisp and Be-Cisp showed synergistic effect on WiDr cells through induction of apoptosis and halted the cell cycle progression, thus, WiDr cells growth were significantly reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Handayani
- Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Serpong, Indonesia.,Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy,Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ratna Asmah Susidarti
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy,Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Riris Istighfari Jenie
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy,Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Edy Meiyanto
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy,Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Brazilein Suppresses Inflammation through Inactivation of IRAK4-NF-κB Pathway in LPS-Induced Raw264.7 Macrophage Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:27589-98. [PMID: 26593910 PMCID: PMC4661906 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161126048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The medicinal herbal plant has been commonly used for prevention and intervention of disease and health promotions worldwide. Brazilein is a bioactive compound extracted from Caesalpinia sappan Linn. Several studies have showed that brazilein exhibited the immune suppressive effect and anti-oxidative function. However, the molecular targets of brazilein for inflammation prevention have remained elusive. Here, we investigated the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of brazilein on LPS-induced inflammatory response in Raw264.7 macrophage cells. We demonstrated that brazilein decreased the expression of IRAK4 protein led to the suppression of MAPK signaling and IKKβ, and subsequent inactivation of NF-κB and COX2 thus promoting the expression of the downstream target pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, MCP-1, MIP-2, and IL-6 in LPS-induced Raw264.7 macrophage cells. Moreover, we observed that brazilein reduced the production of nitrite compared to the control in LPS-induced Raw264.7. Thus, we suggest that brazilein might be a useful bioactive compound for the prevention of IRAK-NF-κB pathway associated chronic diseases.
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Manosroi A, Akazawa H, Kitdamrongtham W, Akihisa T, Manosroi W, Manosroi J. Potent Antiproliferative Effect on Liver Cancer of Medicinal Plants Selected from the Thai/Lanna Medicinal Plant Recipe Database "MANOSROI III". EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2015; 2015:397181. [PMID: 26136809 PMCID: PMC4475558 DOI: 10.1155/2015/397181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Thai/Lanna medicinal plant recipes have been used for the treatment of several diseases including liver cancer. In this study, methanolic extracts (MEs) of 23 plants were tested for antiproliferative activity on human hepatoma cell line (Hep G2) by the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. Nine MEs with potent antiproliferative activity (IC50 < 100 µg/mL) were obtained and further semipurified by liquid/liquid partition extraction. The semipurified fractions were tested for the antiproliferative and antioxidative activities. ME of Stemona collinsae and the semipurified extract and methanol-water fraction (MF) of Gloriosa superba gave the highest antiproliferative activity on HepG2 which were 4.79- and 50.07-fold cisplatin, respectively. The semipurified fractions showed an increased antiproliferative activity. MF of Caesalpinia sappan and HF of Senna alata showed the highest free radical scavenging and metal chelating activities, respectively. The compound in n-hexane fraction (HF) of Ventilago denticulata which showed an increase in antiproliferative activity comparing to its ME was isolated and identified as emodin. This study has demonstrated the potential of the ME from S. collinsae, MF from G. superba, and emodin isolated from V. denticulata, for further development as an antiliver cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranya Manosroi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Manose Health and Beauty Research Center, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Hiroyuki Akazawa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Biotechnology and Material Chemistry, Nihon University Junior College, Chiba 274-8501, Japan
| | - Worapong Kitdamrongtham
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Manose Health and Beauty Research Center, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Toshihiro Akihisa
- College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Tokyo 101-8308, Japan
- Akihisa Medical Clinic, 1086-3 Kamo, Sanda-shi, Hyogo 669-1331, Japan
| | - Worapaka Manosroi
- Manose Health and Beauty Research Center, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Jiradej Manosroi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Manose Health and Beauty Research Center, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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8
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Zhao S, Wang XP, Jiang JF, Chai YS, Tian Y, Feng TS, Ding Y, Huang J, Lei F, Xing DM, Du LJ. Transport and metabolism behavior of brazilein during its entrance into neural cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108000. [PMID: 25275506 PMCID: PMC4183444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Brazilein, a natural small molecule, shows a variety of pharmacological activities, especially on nervous system and immune system. As a potential multifunctional drug, we studied the distribution and the transport behavior and metabolic behavior of brazilein in vivo and in vitro. Brazilein was found to be able to distribute in the mouse brain and transport into neural cells. A metabolite was found in the brain and in the cells. Positive and negative mode-MS/MS and Q-TOF were used to identify the metabolite. MS/MS fragmentation mechanisms showed the methylation occurred at the 10-hydroxyl of brazilein (10-O-methylbrazilein). Further, catechol-O- methyltransferase (COMT) was confirmed as a crucial enzyme correlated with the methylated metabolite generation by molecular docking and pharmacological experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Pei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Fei Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Shuang Chai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Drug Discovery Facility, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Shi Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Drug Discovery Facility, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Fan Lei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Ming Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Jun Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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9
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Brazilein, a compound isolated from Caesalpinia sappan Linn., induced growth inhibition in breast cancer cells via involvement of GSK-3β/β-Catenin/cyclin D1 pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2013; 206:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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10
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Brazilein suppresses migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Chem Biol Interact 2013; 204:105-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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11
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Antimicrobial assay optimization and validation for HTS in 384-well format using a bioluminescent E. coli K-12 strain. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 49:782-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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12
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Du Q, Hu B, An HM, Shen KP, Xu L, Deng S, Wei MM. Synergistic anticancer effects of curcumin and resveratrol in Hepa1-6 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncol Rep 2013; 29:1851-8. [PMID: 23446753 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma remains one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide. Curcuma aromatica and Polygonum cuspidatum are one of the commonly used paired-herbs for liver cancer treatment. Curcumin and resveratrol are the major anticancer constituents of Curcuma aromatica and Polygonum cuspidatum, respectively. Curcumin and resveratrol have been found to exhibit a synergistic anticancer effect in colon cancer. However, the combined effect of curcumin and resveratrol against hepatocellular carcinoma remains unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the combined effects of curcumin and resveratrol in hepatocellular carcinoma Hepa1-6 cells. The results showed that curcumin and resveratrol significantly inhibited the proliferation of Hepa1-6 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The combination treatment of curcumin and resveratrol elicited a synergistic antiproliferative effect in Hepa1-6 cells. The apoptosis of Hepa1-6 cells induced by the combination treatment with curcumin and resveratrol was accompanied by caspase-3, -8 and -9 activation, which was completely abrogated by a pan caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD-FMK. Combination of curcumin and resveratrol upregulated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in Hepa1-6 cells. The ROS scavenger, NAC, partially attenuated the apoptosis and caspase activation induced by the combination treatment of curcumin and resveratrol. In addition, the combination of curcumin and resveratrol downregulated XIAP and survivin expression. These data suggest that the combination treatment of curcumin and resveratrol is a promising novel anticancer strategy for liver cancer. The present study also provides new insights into the effective mechanism of paired-herbs in traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Du
- Department of Oncology and Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, PR China
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Cuong TD, Hung TM, Kim JC, Kim EH, Woo MH, Choi JS, Lee JH, Min BS. Phenolic compounds from Caesalpinia sappan heartwood and their anti-inflammatory activity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:2069-2075. [PMID: 23234407 DOI: 10.1021/np3003673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Four new phenolic compounds, caesalpiniaphenols A-D (1-4), together with eight known compounds were isolated from Caesalpinia sappan heartwood. The chemical structures were established mainly by NMR, MS, ECD, and Mosher's method. Compounds 4, 5, and 7 showed weak inhibitory activity against the LPS-induced NO production in macrophage RAW264.7 cells with IC(50) values of 12.2, 3.5, and 5.7 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- To Dao Cuong
- College of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-702, Korea
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