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Shin SH, Yu M, Hammell DC, Ghosh P, Raney SG, Hassan HE, Stinchcomb AL. Evaluation of in vitro/in vivo correlations for three fentanyl transdermal delivery systems using in vitro skin permeation testing and human pharmacokinetic studies under the influence of transient heat application. J Control Release 2021; 342:134-147. [PMID: 34838928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The value of developing an in vitro/in vivo correlation (IVIVC) is substantial in biopharmaceutical drug development because once the model is developed and validated, an in vitro method may be used to efficiently assess and predict drug product performance in vivo. In this study, three bioequivalent, matrix-type, fentanyl transdermal delivery systems (TDS) were evaluated in vitro using an in vitro permeation test (IVPT) and dermatomed human skin, and in vivo in human pharmacokinetic (PK) studies under harmonized study designs to evaluate IVIVC. The study designs included 1 h of transient heat application (42 ± 2 °C) at either 11 h or 18 h after TDS application to concurrently investigate the influence of heat on drug bioavailability from TDS and the feasibility of IVPT to predict the effects of heat on TDS in vivo. Level A (point-to-point) and Level C (single point) IVIVCs were evaluated by using PK-based mathematical equations and building IVIVC models between in vitro fraction of drug permeation and in vivo fraction of drug absorption. The study results showed that the three differently formulated fentanyl TDS have comparable (p > 0.05) heat effects both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the predicted steady-state concentration (Css) from in vitro flux data and the observed Css in vivo showed no significant differences (p > 0.05). However, the effects of heat on enhancement of fentanyl bioavailability observed in vivo were found to be greater compared to those observed in vitro for all three drug products, resulting in a weak prediction of the impact of heat on bioavailability from the in vitro data. The results from the current work suggest that while IVPT can be a useful tool to evaluate the performance of fentanyl TDS in vivo with a relatively good predictability at a normal temperature condition and to compare the effect of heat on drug delivery from differently formulated TDS, additional testing measures would enhance the ability to predict the heat effects in vivo with a lower prediction error.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hyeon Shin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America
| | - Mingming Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America
| | - Dana C Hammell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America
| | - Priyanka Ghosh
- Division of Therapeutic Performance, Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States of America
| | - Sam G Raney
- Division of Therapeutic Performance, Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States of America
| | - Hazem E Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America; Department of Pharmaceutics, Industrial Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Audra L Stinchcomb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America.
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2
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Zhu S, Zhang J, Lv Z, Yu M. LC-MS/MS Determination of Apigenin in Rat Plasma and Application to Pharmacokinetic Study. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 22:274-280. [PMID: 32767914 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200807113144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apigenin, a natural plant flavone, has been shown to possess a variety of biological properties. OBJECTIVE In this report, a highly selective and sensitive LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the determination of apigenin in rat plasma. METHODS Analysts were separated on the HSS T3 column (1.8 μm 2.1×100 mm) using acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in 2mM ammonium acetate buffer at a supply rate of 0.200 mL/min as eluent in gradient model. RESULTS Plasma samples were treated by protein precipitation using acetonitrile for the recovery ranging from 86.5% to 90.1% for apigenin. The calibration curves followed linearity in the concentration range of 0.50-500ng/mL. The inter-day and intra-day precisions at different QC levels within 13.1% and the accuracies ranged from -10.6% to 8.6%. CONCLUSION The assay has been successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of apigenin in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixing Zhu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jiayuan Zhang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhihua Lv
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Mingming Yu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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3
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Chaturvedi S, Garg A. An insight of techniques for the assessment of permeation flux across the skin for optimization of topical and transdermal drug delivery systems. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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4
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Feng K, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Jiang T, Lv Z, Yu M. Simultaneous determination of FL118 and W34 in rat Blood by LC-MS/MS: Application to pharmacokinetic studies. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4944. [PMID: 32639034 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
W34 is a prodrug of FL118, and it can be converted to FL118 via a hydrolysis reaction. In this report, a highly sensitive LC-MS/MS method using a C18 column was validated and used for the simultaneous determination of W34 and FL118 in rat blood. A stepwise gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile was employed. The assays were linear over a concentration range of 0.50-50.0 ng/ml for both W34 and FL118. The accuracy of the validation method ranged from 89.74 to 98.94% for W34 and from 88.61 to 94.60% for FL118. The precision was within 7.15% for W34 and 9.63% for FL118. Extraction recoveries of W34 were 94.56-100.49 and 87.67-106.32% for FL118. No significant matrix effects for both W34 and FL118 were observed in blood. The assay has been successfully applied to biological samples obtained from a stability and pharmacokinetic study of W34 and FL118.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Feng
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiayuan Zhang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yixuan Zhang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhihua Lv
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Mingming Yu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, Qingdao, China
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5
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Maharaj AR, Wu H, Zimmerman KO, Speicher DG, Sullivan JE, Watt K, Al-Uzri A, Payne EH, Erinjeri J, Lin S, Harper B, Melloni C, Hornik CP. Dosing of Continuous Fentanyl Infusions in Obese Children: A Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis. J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 60:636-647. [PMID: 31814149 PMCID: PMC7591270 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.1562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Differences in fentanyl pharmacokinetics (PK) between obese and nonobese adults have previously been reported; however, the impact of childhood obesity on fentanyl PK is relatively unknown. We developed a population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model using opportunistically collected samples from a cohort of predominately obese children receiving fentanyl per the standard of care. Using a probability-based approach, we evaluated the ability of different continuous infusion strategies to provide steady-state concentrations (Css ) within an analgesic concentration range (1-3 ng/mL). Fifty-three samples from 32 children were used for PopPK model development. Median (range) age and body weight of study participants were 13 years (2-19 years) and 52 kg (16-164 kg), respectively. The majority of children (94%) were obese. A 2-compartment model allometrically scaled by total body weight provided an appropriate fit to the data. Estimated typical clearance was 32.5 L/h (scaled to 70 kg). A fixed dose rate infusion of 1 µg/kg/h was associated with probabilities between 49% and 58% for achieving Css within target; however, the risk of achieving Css > 3 ng/mL increased with increasing body weight (15% at 16 kg vs 43% at 164 kg). A proposed model-based infusion strategy maintained consistent probabilities across the examined weight range for achieving Css within (58%) and above (20%) target. Use of an allometric relationship between weight and clearance was appropriate for describing the PK of intravenous fentanyl in our cohort of predominately obese children. Our proposed model-derived continuous infusion strategy maximized the probability of achieving target Css in children of varying weights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil R. Maharaj
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Huali Wu
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kanecia O. Zimmerman
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David G. Speicher
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Janice E. Sullivan
- University of Louisville, Kosair Charities Pediatric Clinical Research Unit, and Norton Children’s Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Kevin Watt
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Amira Al-Uzri
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | | | - Susan Lin
- The Emmes Company, LLC, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Barrie Harper
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Chiara Melloni
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Christoph P. Hornik
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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Swaminathan SK, Fisher J, Kandimalla KK. Sensitive Determination of Fentanyl in Low-Volume Serum Samples by LC-MS/MS. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:2812-2817. [PMID: 30191378 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1103-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fentanyl is a widely used drug in the management of pain. Present LC-MS/MS methods for analysis of fentanyl require a large volume of serum, but yet the sensitivity was at about 50 pg/mL. Here, we report a modified liquid-liquid extraction method for the analysis of fentanyl in serum. The method is very sensitive with a LLOQ of 5 pg/mL while using only 0.175 mL of serum for analysis. The separation was performed on a Zorbax XDB-C18 column (4.6 × 50 mm, 1.8 μm, 600 bar) using a mobile phase of water: acetonitrile (70:30 v/v) with 0.1% formic acid that was pumped isocratically at a flow rate of 0.5 mL per minute. The calibration curve was found to be linear over a range of 5-10,000 pg/mL. The inter-day and intra-day accuracy and precision were tested using low (20 pg/mL), medium (1000 pg/mL), and high (5000 pg/mL) quality control samples of fentanyl prepared in blank human serum and were within ± 15% of the nominal value. Fentanyl was also found to be stable in various storage and sample preparation conditions, including short-term bench-top storage (for 5 h), freeze-thaw cycling (three cycles), long-term frozen condition (4.5 months at - 70°C), and post-preparative storage (for 48 h).
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