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Chen W, Liu H, Liu S, Kang Y, Nie Z, Lei H. Altered prefrontal neurochemistry in the DJ-1 knockout mouse model of Parkinson's disease: complementary semi-quantitative analyses with in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy and MALDI-MSI. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:7977-7987. [PMID: 36208327 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04341-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) are two semi-quantitative analytical methods commonly used in neurochemical research. In this study, the two methods were used complementarily, in parallel, to investigate neurochemical perturbations in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of 9-month-old DJ-1 knockout mice, a well-established transgenic model for Parkinson's diseases. Convergingly, the results obtained with the two methods demonstrated that, compared with the wild-type (WT) mice, the DJ-1 knockout mice had significantly increased glutathione (GSH) level and GSH/glutamate (Glu) ratio in the mPFC, which likely presented an astrocytic compensatory mechanism in response to elevated regional oxidative stress induced by the loss of DJ-1 function. The results from this study also highlighted (1) the need to be cautious when interpreting the in vivo 1H-MRS results obtained from aged transgenic animals, in which the concentration of internal reference, being whether water or total creatine, could no longer be assumed to be the same as that in the age-matched WT animals, and (2) the necessity and importance of complementary analyses with more than one method under such circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 30# Xiaohongshan West, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun North First, Street 2, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Sijie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 30# Xiaohongshan West, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 30# Xiaohongshan West, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongxiu Nie
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China. .,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun North First, Street 2, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Hao Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 30# Xiaohongshan West, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Glutamate, GABA and glutathione in adults with persistent post-concussive symptoms. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 36:103152. [PMID: 36007438 PMCID: PMC9424629 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS) are debilitating and endure beyond the usual recovery period after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Altered neurotransmission, impaired energy metabolism and oxidative stress have been examined acutely post-injury but have not been explored extensively in those with persistent symptoms. Specifically, the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) and the excitatory and inhibitory metabolites, glutamate (Glu) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), are seldom studied together in the clinical mTBI literature. While Glu can be measured using conventional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) methods at 3 Tesla, GABA and GSH require the use of advanced MRS methods. Here, we used the recently established Hadamard Encoding and Reconstruction of MEGA-Edited Spectroscopy (HERMES) to simultaneously measure GSH and GABA and short-echo time point resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) to measure Glu to gain new insight into the pathophysiology of PPCS. Twenty-nine adults with PPCS (mean age: 45.69 years, s.d.: 10.73, 22 females, 7 males) and 29 age- and sex-matched controls (mean age: 43.69 years, s.d.: 11.00) completed magnetic resonance spectroscopy scans with voxels placed in the anterior cingulate and right sensorimotor cortex. Relative to controls, anterior cingulate Glu was significantly reduced in PPCS. Higher anterior cingulate GABA was significantly associated with a higher number of lifetime mTBIs, suggesting GABA may be upregulated with repeated incidence of mTBI. Furthermore, GSH in both regions of interest was positively associated with symptoms of sleepiness and headache burden. Collectively, our findings suggest that the antioxidant defense system is active in participants with PPCS, however this may be at the expense of other glutamatergic functions such as cortical excitation and energy metabolism.
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3
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Shyu C, Elsaid S, Truong P, Chavez S, Le Foll B. MR Spectroscopy of the Insula: Within- and between-Session Reproducibility of MEGA-PRESS Measurements of GABA+ and Other Metabolites. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11111538. [PMID: 34827537 PMCID: PMC8615582 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11111538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The insula plays a critical role in many neuropsychological disorders. Research investigating its neurochemistry with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has been limited compared with cortical regions. Here, we investigate the within-session and between-session reproducibility of metabolite measurements in the insula on a 3T scanner. We measure N-acetylaspartate + N-acetylaspartylglutamate (tNAA), creatine + phosphocreatine (tCr), glycerophosphocholine + phosphocholine (tCho), myo-inositol (Ins), glutamate + glutamine (Glx), and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in one cohort using a j-edited MEGA-PRESS sequence. We measure tNAA, tCr, tCho, Ins, and Glx in another cohort with a standard short-TE PRESS sequence as a reference for the reproducibility metrics. All participants were scanned 4 times identically: 2 back-to-back scans each day, on 2 days. Preprocessing was done using LCModel and Gannet. Reproducibility was determined using Pearson’s r, intraclass-correlation coefficients (ICC), coefficients of variation (CV%), and Bland–Altman plots. A MEGA-PRESS protocol requiring averaged results over two 6:45-min scans yielded reproducible GABA measurements (CV% = 7.15%). This averaging also yielded reproducibility metrics comparable to those from PRESS for the other metabolites. Voxel placement inconsistencies did not affect reproducibility, and no sex differences were found. The data suggest that MEGA-PRESS can reliably measure standard metabolites and GABA in the insula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Shyu
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada; (C.S.); (S.E.)
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada; (P.T.); (S.C.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Sonja Elsaid
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada; (C.S.); (S.E.)
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada; (P.T.); (S.C.)
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Peter Truong
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada; (P.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Sofia Chavez
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada; (P.T.); (S.C.)
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Brain and Therapeutics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Bernard Le Foll
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada; (C.S.); (S.E.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Brain and Therapeutics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Concurrent Outpatient Medical & Psychosocial Addiction Support Services, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M6J 1H4, Canada
- Acute Care Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M6J 1H3, Canada
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-416-535-8501
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4
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de Godoy LL, Studart-Neto A, Wylezinska-Arridge M, Tsunemi MH, Moraes NC, Yassuda MS, Coutinho AM, Buchpiguel CA, Nitrini R, Bisdas S, da Costa Leite C. The Brain Metabolic Signature in Superagers Using In Vivo 1H-MRS: A Pilot Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1790-1797. [PMID: 34446458 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Youthful memory performance in older adults may reflect an underlying resilience to the conventional pathways of aging. Subjects having this unusual characteristic have been recently termed "superagers." This study aimed to explore the significance of imaging biomarkers acquired by 1H-MRS to characterize superagers and to differentiate them from their normal-aging peers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-five patients older than 80 years of age were screened using a detailed neuropsychological protocol, and 25 participants, comprising 12 superagers and 13 age-matched controls, were statistically analyzed. We used state-of-the-art 3T 1H-MR spectroscopy to quantify 18 neurochemicals in the posterior cingulate cortex of our subjects. All 1H-MR spectroscopy data were analyzed using LCModel. Results were further processed using 2 approaches to investigate the technique accuracy: 1) comparison of the average concentration of metabolites estimated with Cramer-Rao lower bounds <20%; and 2) calculation and comparison of the weighted means of metabolites' concentrations. RESULTS The main finding observed was a higher total N-acetyl aspartate concentration in superagers than in age-matched controls using both approaches (P = .02 and P = .03 for the weighted means), reflecting a positive association of total N-acetyl aspartate with higher cognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS 1H-MR spectroscopy emerges as a promising technique to unravel neurochemical mechanisms related to cognitive aging in vivo and providing a brain metabolic signature in superagers. This may contribute to monitoring future interventional therapies to avoid or postpone the pathologic processes of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L de Godoy
- From the Department of Radiology and Oncology (L.L.d.G., C.d.C.L.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- The National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery (M.W.-A., S.B.), University College London, London, UK
| | - A Studart-Neto
- Department of Neurology (A.S.-N., N.C.M., M.S.Y., R.N.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M Wylezinska-Arridge
- The National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery (M.W.-A., S.B.), University College London, London, UK
| | - M H Tsunemi
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Biosciences (M.H.T.), Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - N C Moraes
- Department of Neurology (A.S.-N., N.C.M., M.S.Y., R.N.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M S Yassuda
- Department of Neurology (A.S.-N., N.C.M., M.S.Y., R.N.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A M Coutinho
- Division and Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine (A.M.C., C.A.B.), Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - C A Buchpiguel
- Division and Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine (A.M.C., C.A.B.), Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - R Nitrini
- Department of Neurology (A.S.-N., N.C.M., M.S.Y., R.N.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - S Bisdas
- The National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery (M.W.-A., S.B.), University College London, London, UK
| | - C da Costa Leite
- From the Department of Radiology and Oncology (L.L.d.G., C.d.C.L.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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5
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Szewczyk A, Zagaja M, Szala-Rycaj J, Maj M, Andres-Mach M. Effect of Lacosamide and Ethosuximide Chronic Treatment on Neural Precursor Cells and Cognitive Functions after Pilocarpine Induced Status Epilepticus in Mice. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11081014. [PMID: 34439633 PMCID: PMC8392532 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11081014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Seizures in about 40% of patients with epilepsy fail to respond to anti-seizure medication (ASM) and may lead to uncontrolled and prolonged seizures often inducing status epilepticus (SE). The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of a long-term treatment with two different generation ASMs: ethosuximide (ETS, a classic ASM) and lacosamide (LCM, a 3rd generation ASM) on neural stem cells’ (NSCs’) proliferation and learning and memory functions after pilocarpine (PILO)-induced SE in mice. The following drugs were used: LCM (10 mg/kg), ETS (20 mg/kg), and PILO (300 mg/kg). Cell counting was done using confocal microscope and ImageJ software. Cognitive functions were evaluated with the Morris water maze (MWM) test. The level of several selected neurometabolites was measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Obtained results indicated no significant impact of ETS treatment on the neurogenesis process in PILO mice. Interestingly, LCM significantly decreased the total amount of newborn neurons. The MWM test indicated no significant changes in the time and distance traveled by the ETS and LCM groups compared to PILO control mice, although all measured parameters were more favorable for the PILO mice treated with ASM. Conclusions: The presented results show that long term treatment with LCM and ETS seems to be safe for the cognitive functions and the proper course of neurogenesis in the mouse PILO-induced SE model, although one should remember that LCM administered chronically may act to reduce new neurons’ formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Szewczyk
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.S.); (M.Z.); (J.S.-R.)
| | - Mirosław Zagaja
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.S.); (M.Z.); (J.S.-R.)
| | - Joanna Szala-Rycaj
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.S.); (M.Z.); (J.S.-R.)
| | - Maciej Maj
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Marta Andres-Mach
- Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.S.); (M.Z.); (J.S.-R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-718-4488
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6
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Stringer MS, Lee H, Huuskonen MT, MacIntosh BJ, Brown R, Montagne A, Atwi S, Ramirez J, Jansen MA, Marshall I, Black SE, Zlokovic BV, Benveniste H, Wardlaw JM. A Review of Translational Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Human and Rodent Experimental Models of Small Vessel Disease. Transl Stroke Res 2020; 12:15-30. [PMID: 32936435 PMCID: PMC7803876 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-020-00843-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a major health burden, yet the pathophysiology remains poorly understood with no effective treatment. Since much of SVD develops silently and insidiously, non-invasive neuroimaging such as MRI is fundamental to detecting and understanding SVD in humans. Several relevant SVD rodent models are established for which MRI can monitor in vivo changes over time prior to histological examination. Here, we critically review the MRI methods pertaining to salient rodent models and evaluate synergies with human SVD MRI methods. We found few relevant publications, but argue there is considerable scope for greater use of MRI in rodent models, and opportunities for harmonisation of the rodent-human methods to increase the translational potential of models to understand SVD in humans. We summarise current MR techniques used in SVD research, provide recommendations and examples and highlight practicalities for use of MRI SVD imaging protocols in pre-selected, relevant rodent models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Stringer
- Brain Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hedok Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mikko T Huuskonen
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bradley J MacIntosh
- Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rosalind Brown
- Brain Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Axel Montagne
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sarah Atwi
- Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joel Ramirez
- Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maurits A Jansen
- Edinburgh Preclinical Imaging, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ian Marshall
- Brain Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sandra E Black
- Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Berislav V Zlokovic
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Helene Benveniste
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joanna M Wardlaw
- Brain Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. .,UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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7
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Su H, Chen T, Zhong N, Jiang H, Du J, Xiao K, Xu D, Wang Z, Zhao M. γ-aminobutyric acid and glutamate/glutamine alterations of the left prefrontal cortex in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder: a combined transcranial magnetic stimulation-magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:347. [PMID: 32355791 PMCID: PMC7186735 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmitter systems are critical in the pathophysiology of addiction and represent potential targets for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). This study aims to investigate changes in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels, the combined resonance of glutamate and glutamine (Glx) in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and cognitive function of patients with methamphetamine dependence following rTMS intervention, using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS). Methods Fifty methamphetamine-dependent patients were randomized to a 4-week course of active or sham rTMS, with 1H MRS measurement of DLPFC GABA and Glx levels relative to n-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) and craving and cognitive function measured at baseline and post-intervention. Results We observed significant reductions of GABA/NAA concentration in the active group and Glx/NAA concentration in the group receiving sham rTMS. There was a significant association between changes in GABA concentration and problem solving/error monitoring. Conclusions The effect of rTMS on cognitive function in individuals with methamphetamine dependence may be related to changes in GABA levels in the prefrontal cortex, and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Su
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Tianzhen Chen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Na Zhong
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Haifeng Jiang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jiang Du
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Ke Xiao
- Shanghai Drug Rehabilitation Administration Bureau, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Ding Xu
- Shanghai Drug Rehabilitation Administration Bureau, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, State Key laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai 201108, China.,Institute of Psychological and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
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8
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Su H, Chen T, Zhong N, Jiang H, Du J, Xiao K, Xu D, Song W, Zhao M. Decreased GABA concentrations in left prefrontal cortex of methamphetamine dependent patients: A proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. J Clin Neurosci 2020; 71:15-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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9
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Long-term Effects of Cholestatic Liver Disease in Childhood on Neuropsychological Outcomes and Neurochemistry. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2019; 69:145-151. [PMID: 31169662 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000002380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Children with liver disease have increased risk of long-term cognitive deficits. We differentiated between the effects of chronic liver disease from that associated with transplantation by recruiting children with cholestatic liver disease (CLD) with and without transplantation. METHODS Psychometric measures and magnetic resonance spectroscopy were obtained for 3 groups of children: stable liver disease without transplantation; CLD from birth with transplantation; and individuals healthy to 18 months of age, before transplantation for acute liver failure. RESULTS Cognitive outcomes between children with different disease histories were significantly associated with the duration of liver disease but not the effects of transplantation, including that of immunosuppression. Lower intellectual ability was most frequently observed in the CLD group, whereas all of the acute liver failure group scored within the normal range. Myoinositol and glutamate/glutamine concentrations in cortex were significantly associated with disease duration across the cohort. Neurometabolite profiles in stable liver disease were consistent with subclinical encephalopathy. Impaired growth in early childhood was associated with later cognitive performance. CONCLUSION Children with prolonged liver disease had the poorest cognitive outcomes despite successful transplantation, suggesting that prolonged cholestasis before transplantation adversely affects neurodevelopment, and reinforces the need for timely interventions.
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10
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Gonçalves SI, Ligneul C, Shemesh N. Short echo time relaxation‐enhanced MR spectroscopy reveals broad downfield resonances. Magn Reson Med 2019; 82:1266-1277. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sónia I. Gonçalves
- Champalimaud Research Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown Lisbon Portugal
| | - Clémence Ligneul
- Champalimaud Research Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown Lisbon Portugal
| | - Noam Shemesh
- Champalimaud Research Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown Lisbon Portugal
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11
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Aripiprazole and Riluzole treatment alters behavior and neurometabolites in young ADHD rats: a longitudinal 1H-NMR spectroscopy study at 11.7T. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1189. [PMID: 28763063 PMCID: PMC5611734 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Tourette syndrome (TS) as well as obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) are co-occurring neurodevelopmental diseases that share alterations of frontocortical neurometabolites. In this longitudinal study we investigated the behavioral and neurochemical effects of aripiprazole and riluzole treatment in juvenile spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), a model for ADHD. For neurochemical analysis we employed in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Spectra from voxels located at the central striatum and prefrontal cortex were acquired postnatally from day 35 to 50. In the SHR strain only, treatments reduced repetitive grooming and climbing behavior. The absolute quantification of cerebral metabolites in vivo using localized 1H-MRS at 11.7T showed significant alterations in SHR rats compared to controls (including glutamine, aspartate and total NAA). In addition, drug treatment reduced the majority of the detected metabolites (glutamate and glutamine) in the SHR brain. Our results indicate that the drug treatments might influence the hypothesized 'hyperactive' state of the cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical circuitries of the SHR strain. Furthermore, we could show that behavioral changes correlate with brain region-specific alterations in neurometabolite levels in vivo. These findings should serve as reference for animal studies and for the analysis of neurometabolites in selected human brain regions to further define neurochemical alterations in neuropsychiatric diseases.
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Frydman I, de Salles Andrade JB, Vigne P, Fontenelle LF. Can Neuroimaging Provide Reliable Biomarkers for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder? A Narrative Review. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2016; 18:90. [PMID: 27549605 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-016-0729-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this integrative review, we discuss findings supporting the use neuroimaging biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). To do so, we have selected the most recent studies that attempted to identify the underlying pathogenic process associated with OCD and whether they provide useful information to predict clinical features, natural history or treatment responses. Studies using functional magnetic resonance (fMRI), voxel-based morphometry (VBM), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) in OCD patients are generally supportive of an expanded version of the earlier cortico-striatal-thalamus-cortical (CSTC) model of OCD. Although it is still unclear whether this information will be incorporated into the daily clinical practice (due to current conceptual approaches to mental illness), statistical techniques, such as pattern recognition methods, appear promising in identifying OCD patients and predicting their outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilana Frydman
- Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana B de Salles Andrade
- Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paula Vigne
- Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo F Fontenelle
- Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
- , Rua Visconde de Pirajá, 547, 617, Ipanema, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22410-003, Brazil.
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Imaging technologies and basic considerations for welfare of laboratory rodents. Lab Anim (NY) 2015; 44:97-105. [DOI: 10.1038/laban.665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Waschkies CF, Bruns A, Müller S, Kapps M, Borroni E, von Kienlin M, Rudin M, Künnecke B. Neuropharmacological and neurobiological relevance of in vivo ¹H-MRS of GABA and glutamate for preclinical drug discovery in mental disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology 2014; 39:2331-9. [PMID: 24694923 PMCID: PMC4138741 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2014.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)) is a translational modality with great appeal for neuroscience since the two major excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, glutamate, and GABA, can be noninvasively quantified in vivo and have served to explore disease state and effects of drug treatment. Yet, if (1)H-MRS shall serve for decision making in preclinical pharmaceutical drug discovery, it has to meet stringent requirements. In particular, (1)H-MRS needs to reliably report neurobiologically relevant but rather small changes in neurometabolite levels upon pharmacological interventions and to faithfully appraise target engagement in the associated molecular pathways at pharmacologically relevant doses. Here, we thoroughly addressed these matters with a three-pronged approach. Firstly, we determined the sensitivity and reproducibility of (1)H-MRS in rat at 9.4 Tesla for detecting changes in GABA and glutamate levels in the striatum and the prefrontal cortex, respectively. Secondly, we evaluated the neuropharmacological and neurobiological relevance of the MRS readouts by pharmacological interventions with five well-characterized drugs (vigabatrin, 3-mercaptopropionate, tiagabine, methionine sulfoximine, and riluzole), which target key nodes in GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission. Finally, we corroborated the MRS findings with ex vivo biochemical analyses of drug exposure and neurometabolite concentrations. For all five interventions tested, (1)H-MRS provided distinct drug dose-effect relationships in GABA and glutamate over preclinically relevant dose ranges and changes as low as 6% in glutamate and 12% in GABA were reliably detected from 16 mm(3) volumes-of-interest. Taken together, these findings demonstrate the value and limitation of quantitative (1)H-MRS of glutamate and GABA for preclinical pharmaceutical research in mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conny F Waschkies
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, DTA Neuroscience, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH and University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Bruns
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, DTA Neuroscience, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Müller
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Discovery Technologies, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Kapps
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, DMPK and Bioanalytical R&D, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Edilio Borroni
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, DTA Neuroscience, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus von Kienlin
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, DTA Neuroscience, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Rudin
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH and University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Basil Künnecke
- pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, DTA Neuroscience, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland,Magnetic Resonance Imaging & Spectroscopy, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, PCDDF, Building 68/327A, Grenzacherstrasse 124, Basel CH-4070, Switzerland, Tel: +41 61 688 2597, Fax: +41 61 687 1910, E-mail:
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Patel T, Blyth JC, Griffiths G, Kelly D, Talcott JB. Moderate relationships between NAA and cognitive ability in healthy adults: implications for cognitive spectroscopy. Front Hum Neurosci 2014; 8:39. [PMID: 24592224 PMCID: PMC3924143 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) is a non-invasive imaging technique that enables quantification of neurochemistry in vivo and thereby facilitates investigation of the biochemical underpinnings of human cognitive variability. Studies in the field of cognitive spectroscopy have commonly focused on relationships between measures of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), a surrogate marker of neuronal health and function, and broad measures of cognitive performance, such as IQ. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In this study, we used (1)H-MRS to interrogate single-voxels in occipitoparietal and frontal cortex, in parallel with assessments of psychometric intelligence, in a sample of 40 healthy adult participants. We found correlations between NAA and IQ that were within the range reported in previous studies. However, the magnitude of these effects was significantly modulated by the stringency of data screening and the extent to which outlying values contributed to statistical analyses. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE (1)H-MRS offers a sensitive tool for assessing neurochemistry non-invasively, yet the relationships between brain metabolites and broad aspects of human behavior such as IQ are subtle. We highlight the need to develop an increasingly rigorous analytical and interpretive framework for collecting and reporting data obtained from cognitive spectroscopy studies of this kind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulpesh Patel
- Aston Brain Centre, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Gareth Griffiths
- European Bioenergy Research Institute, Aston University Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Joel B Talcott
- Aston Brain Centre, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University Birmingham, UK
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High-field proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy reveals metabolic effects of normal brain aging. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 35:1686-94. [PMID: 24559659 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Altered brain metabolism is likely to be an important contributor to normal cognitive decline and brain pathology in elderly individuals. To characterize the metabolic changes associated with normal brain aging, we used high-field proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in vivo to quantify 20 neurochemicals in the hippocampus and sensorimotor cortex of young adult and aged rats. We found significant differences in the neurochemical profile of the aged brain when compared with younger adults, including lower aspartate, ascorbate, glutamate, and macromolecules, and higher glucose, myo-inositol, N-acetylaspartylglutamate, total choline, and glutamine. These neurochemical biomarkers point to specific cellular mechanisms that are altered in brain aging, such as bioenergetics, oxidative stress, inflammation, cell membrane turnover, and endogenous neuroprotection. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy may be a valuable translational approach for studying mechanisms of brain aging and pathology, and for investigating treatments to preserve or enhance cognitive function in aging.
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Sabbagh JJ, Kinney JW, Cummings JL. Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in animal models: closing the translational gap. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE 2013; 2:108-120. [PMID: 23844335 PMCID: PMC3703123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The rising prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is rapidly becoming one of the largest health and economic challenges in the world. There is a growing need for the development and implementation of reliable biomarkers for AD that can be used to assist in diagnosis, inform disease progression, and monitor therapeutic efficacy. Preclinical models permit the evaluation of candidate biomarkers and assessment of pipeline agents before clinical trials are initiated and provide a translational opportunity to advance biomarker discovery. Fast and inexpensive data can be obtained from examination of peripheral markers, though they currently lack the sensitivity and consistency of imaging techniques such as MRI or PET. Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in animal models can assist in development and implementation of similar approaches in clinical populations. These biomarkers may also be invaluable in decisions to advance a treatment to human testing. Longitudinal studies in AD models can determine initial presentation and progression of biomarkers that may also be used to evaluate disease-modifying efficacy of drugs. The refinement of biomarker approaches in preclinical systems will not only aid in drug development, but may facilitate diagnosis and disease monitoring in AD patients.
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Alzheimer's disease biomarkers: correspondence between human studies and animal models. Neurobiol Dis 2013; 56:116-30. [PMID: 23631871 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2013.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents an escalating global threat as life expectancy and disease prevalence continue to increase. There is a considerable need for earlier diagnoses to improve clinical outcomes. Fluid biomarkers measured from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood, or imaging biomarkers have considerable potential to assist in the diagnosis and management of AD. An additional important utility of biomarkers is in novel therapeutic development and clinical trials to assess efficacy and side effects of therapeutic interventions. Because many biomarkers are initially examined in animal models, the extent to which markers translate from animals to humans is an important issue. The current review highlights many existing and pipeline biomarker approaches, focusing on the degree of correspondence between AD patients and animal models. The review also highlights the need for greater translational correspondence between human and animal biomarkers.
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