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Al-Hashimi NN, Al-Degs YS, Jaafreh S, Al-Khatib HS, El-Sheikh AH, Abdelghani JI, Jaber MR. Simultaneous determination of furosemide and carbamazepine in biological matrices by solvent bar microextraction combined with HPLC-DAD and central composite design CCD. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5476. [PMID: 35918842 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive and simple sample pretreatment method based on a two-phase solvent bar microextraction SBME technique coupled with HPLC-DAD was developed for simultaneous extraction and determination of trace amounts of furosemide and carbamazepine in human urine and plasma samples. The significance of operational factors on carbamazepine and furosemide extraction efficiency % (EE%) was screened using full factorial design (FFD) while central composite design (CCD) was used to model the entire process. A quadratic model was found convenient to correlate the extraction EE% of selected drugs with dominant experimental factors. A Pareto chart was also used to examine the importance of factors on drugs' EE%. The analytical performance of the method in urine and plasma samples demonstrated good linearity R2 ˃ 0.992 with detection limits ranging from 4.2 to 10.9 μg L-1 , and extraction recovery ˃ 89.45% for both drugs in urine and plasma samples. A comparison against published methods was also studied and the results revealed that the developed method exhibits a confident sensitivity, feasible operation, and simple analysis for both drugs. Finally, the practicability of the validated SBME-HPLC-DAD method was demonstrated by successfully applying it to the analysis of furosemide, and carbamazepine in real patient urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil N Al-Hashimi
- The Hashemite University, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Al-Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Yahya S Al-Degs
- The Hashemite University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Al-Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Sawsan Jaafreh
- The Hashemite University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Al-Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Hatim S Al-Khatib
- The University of Jordan, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Amman, Jordan
| | - Amjad H El-Sheikh
- The Hashemite University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Al-Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Jafar I Abdelghani
- The Hashemite University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Al-Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Mai R Jaber
- The Hashemite University, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Al-Zarqa, Jordan
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Zhou Y, Oh MH, Kim YJ, Kim EY, Kang J, Chung S, Ju C, Kim WK, Lee K. Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics of SP-8356, a Novel (1 S)-(-)-Verbenone Derivative, in Rats and Dogs and Its Implications in Humans. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081775. [PMID: 32294954 PMCID: PMC7221793 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
(1S,5R)-4-((E)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxystryryl)-6,6-dimethylbicylco[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one (SP-8356) is a novel (1S)-(−)-verbenone derivative that is currently in preclinical development for the treatment of ischemic stroke and atherosclerosis. This report aimed at characterization of the metabolism and pharmacokinetic properties of SP-8356. Following intravenous dose in rats and dogs, plasma concentrations of SP-8356 declined rapidly with high clearance (CL) and short half-life; after oral administration in both species, its plasma levels were below the quantitation limit. Fourteen circulating metabolites, formed by mono-oxygenation, demethylation, glucuronidation, catechol O-methylation, sulfation and oxidation (bioactivation) followed by glutathione (GSH) conjugation, were tentatively identified in both species. Urinary excretion of SP-8356 appeared to be minimal in rats, compared to its metabolites. GSH conjugate of SP-8356 was also formed during incubation with rat liver S9 fraction consistent with oxidative bioactivation; this bioactivation was almost completely inhibited by the cofactors for glucuronidation, sulfation and methylation, indicating that it may be abolished by competing metabolic reactions in the body. The human pharmacokinetics of SP-8356 was predicted to be similar to that of the animals based on the current in vitro metabolic stability results. In summary, rapid phase II metabolism appears to be mainly responsible for its suboptimal pharmacokinetics, such as high CL and low oral absorption. Because of competing metabolic reactions, potential safety risks related to SP-8356 bioactivation may be low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhou
- College of pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Mun Hwan Oh
- College of pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Yeon Joon Kim
- College of pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Eun-yeong Kim
- College of pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Jinhong Kang
- College of pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Sung Chung
- Research Headquarters, Shin Poong Pharm. Co., Ltd., Ansan, Gyeonggi 15610, Korea
| | - Chung Ju
- Research Headquarters, Shin Poong Pharm. Co., Ltd., Ansan, Gyeonggi 15610, Korea
| | - Won-Ki Kim
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences and Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
- Institute of Inflammation Control, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Kiho Lee
- College of pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Translational Research, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
- Biomedical Research Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-44-860-1616
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The application of control charts in regulated bioanalysis for monitoring long-term reproducibility. Bioanalysis 2017; 9:1955-1965. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2017-0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In regulated bioanalysis, the acceptance of results is batch-wise. When during clinical development derived pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic results from different studies will be combined or compared, it is recommendable to monitor the long-term reproducibility of bioanalytical assays. Long-term reproducibility can be evaluated by control charts generated from control samples included in each batch. We present a methodology for the implementation, construction and evaluation of control charts next to the regular batch acceptance of bioanalytical results. Decision rules can be set up for a statistical evaluation of the results. Violation of a decision rule may lead to a root-cause investigation and corrective actions to improve assay robustness. Three examples of control charts, for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analytes are presented.
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Bienvenu JF, Provencher G, Bélanger P, Bérubé R, Dumas P, Gagné S, Gaudreau É, Fleury N. Standardized Procedure for the Simultaneous Determination of the Matrix Effect, Recovery, Process Efficiency, and Internal Standard Association. Anal Chem 2017; 89:7560-7568. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Bienvenu
- Centre de toxicologie du
Québec (CTQ), Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ), 945 Wolfe, Québec, Québec, Canada G1 V 5B3
| | - Gilles Provencher
- Centre de toxicologie du
Québec (CTQ), Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ), 945 Wolfe, Québec, Québec, Canada G1 V 5B3
| | - Patrick Bélanger
- Centre de toxicologie du
Québec (CTQ), Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ), 945 Wolfe, Québec, Québec, Canada G1 V 5B3
| | - René Bérubé
- Centre de toxicologie du
Québec (CTQ), Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ), 945 Wolfe, Québec, Québec, Canada G1 V 5B3
| | - Pierre Dumas
- Centre de toxicologie du
Québec (CTQ), Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ), 945 Wolfe, Québec, Québec, Canada G1 V 5B3
| | - Sébastien Gagné
- Centre de toxicologie du
Québec (CTQ), Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ), 945 Wolfe, Québec, Québec, Canada G1 V 5B3
| | - Éric Gaudreau
- Centre de toxicologie du
Québec (CTQ), Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ), 945 Wolfe, Québec, Québec, Canada G1 V 5B3
| | - Normand Fleury
- Centre de toxicologie du
Québec (CTQ), Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ), 945 Wolfe, Québec, Québec, Canada G1 V 5B3
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Fachi MM, Leonart LP, Cerqueira LB, Pontes FLD, de Campos ML, Pontarolo R. A systematic and critical review on bioanalytical method validation using the example of simultaneous quantitation of antidiabetic agents in blood. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1055-1056:61-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Cattaneo D, Gervasoni C, Cozzi V, Castoldi S, Baldelli S, Clementi E. Therapeutic drug management of linezolid: a missed opportunity for clinicians? Int J Antimicrob Agents 2016; 48:728-731. [PMID: 27769709 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Some studies have shown that adjustments to the linezolid dose guided by therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) can reduce interindividual variability in drug exposure and improve linezolid tolerability. In this study, 6 years of linezolid TDM, a diagnostic service for our hospital and others in the Milan (Italy) area, is described. Samples were collected immediately before the morning dose intake (trough concentrations) in steady-state conditions. Linezolid concentrations were quantified by a validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Four hundred linezolid trough concentrations from 220 patients were collected. A 20-fold variability in linezolid levels was observed. Positive and significant correlations between linezolid trough concentrations and patient age (r = 0.325, P <0.01) or serum creatinine (r = 0.511, P <0.01) were found. A progressive increase in linezolid concentrations with time was observed in a subgroup of patients with more than one TDM assessment. Elderly patients, especially those aged >80 years and with impaired renal function, are at a higher risk of overexposure to linezolid. Despite the observed progressive increase in linezolid concentrations over time, most physicians did not change the drug dose according to the TDM results, even in the presence of frank overexposure to linezolid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Cattaneo
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Via Giovanni Battista Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy.
| | - Cristina Gervasoni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Cozzi
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Via Giovanni Battista Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Castoldi
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Via Giovanni Battista Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Baldelli
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Via Giovanni Battista Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Emilio Clementi
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, L. Sacco University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; E. Medea Scientific Institute, Bosisio Parini, Italy
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Spengler M, Adler M, Niemeyer CM. Highly sensitive ligand-binding assays in pre-clinical and clinical applications: immuno-PCR and other emerging techniques. Analyst 2016. [PMID: 26196036 DOI: 10.1039/c5an00822k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant DNA technology and corresponding innovations in molecular biology, chemistry and medicine have led to novel therapeutic biomacromolecules as lead candidates in the pharmaceutical drug development pipelines. While monoclonal antibodies and other proteins provide therapeutic potential beyond the possibilities of small molecule drugs, the concomitant demand for supportive bioanalytical sample testing creates multiple novel challenges. For example, intact macromolecules can usually not be quantified by mass-spectrometry without enzymatic digestion and isotopically labeled internal standards are costly and/or difficult to prepare. Classical ELISA-type immunoassays, on the other hand, often lack the sensitivity required to obtain pharmacokinetics of low dosed drugs or pharmacodynamics of suitable biomarkers. Here we summarize emerging state-of-the-art ligand-binding assay technologies for pharmaceutical sample testing, which reveal enhanced analytical sensitivity over classical ELISA formats. We focus on immuno-PCR, which combines antibody specificity with the extremely sensitive detection of a tethered DNA marker by quantitative PCR, and alternative nucleic acid-based technologies as well as methods based on electrochemiluminescence or single-molecule counting. Using case studies, we discuss advantages and drawbacks of these methods for preclinical and clinical sample testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Spengler
- Chimera Biotec GmbH, Emil-Figge-Str. 76 A, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany.
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Rosting C, Pedersen-Bjergaard S, Hansen SH, Janfelt C. High-throughput analysis of drugs in biological fluids by desorption electrospray ionizationmass spectrometry coupled with thin liquid membrane extraction. Analyst 2013; 138:5965-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an00544e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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