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Hu T, Hao JN, Li Y. A highly luminescent lanthanide-functionalized covalent organic framework for rapid and specific detection of 7-methylguanine for DNA methylation assessment. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:5266-5273. [PMID: 39238274 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm01018c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Rapid and accurate detection of 7-methylguanine (m7Gua), a biomarker reflecting the degree of DNA methylation that occurs before or in the early stage of cancer, is of particular significance but remains a great challenge. Herein, a luminescent lanthanide-based covalent organic framework (Ln-COF) probe, namely DPA/Eu@ETTA-DHTA, is designed for the first time for the identification of m7Gua by assembling pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (DPA) as both an energy donor and a recognition molecule and Eu3+ ions as signal reporters into a stable COF matrix with high porosity and available binding sites. Significantly, the characteristic luminescence of Eu3+ ions can be turned on by the grafted DPA in the COF probe and effectively quenched by the addition of m7Gua via a competitive absorption process, thus achieving the sensing of m7Gua. Such a Ln-COF-based fluorescent platform presents high selectivity and a rapid response (<1 min) to m7Gua with a low detection limit (μM level) even in the presence of the main coexisting species in urine, allowing it to serve as a potentially practical probe for point-of-care monitoring of the level of m7Gua in human urine specimens. This study provides a convenient, time-saving, and economical approach for visual detection of m7Gua, and opens up new perspectives for the design of a luminescent COF-based probe for DNA methylation evaluation in diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Hu
- Lab of Low-Dimensional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontier Science Center of Materials Biology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Ji-Na Hao
- Lab of Low-Dimensional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontier Science Center of Materials Biology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Lab of Low-Dimensional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontier Science Center of Materials Biology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, P.R. China
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Artymowicz M, Struck-Lewicka W, Wiczling P, Markuszewski M, Markuszewski MJ, Siluk D. Targeted quantitative metabolomics with a linear mixed-effect model for analysis of urinary nucleosides and deoxynucleosides from bladder cancer patients before and after tumor resection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:5511-5528. [PMID: 37460824 PMCID: PMC10444683 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04826-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we developed and validated a fast, simple, and sensitive quantitative method for the simultaneous determination of eleven nucleosides and deoxynucleosides from urine samples. The analyses were performed with the use of liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The sample pretreatment procedure was limited to centrifugation, vortex mixing of urine samples with a methanol/water solution (1:1, v/v), evaporation and dissolution steps. The analysis lasted 20 min and was performed in dynamic multiple reaction monitoring mode (dMRM) in positive polarity. Process validation was conducted to determine the linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of quantification, stability, recovery and matrix effect. All validation procedures were carried out in accordance with current FDA and EMA regulations. The validated method was applied for the analysis of 133 urine samples derived from bladder cancer patients before tumor resection and 24 h, 2 weeks, and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after the surgery. The obtained data sets were analyzed using a linear mixed-effect model. The analysis revealed that concentration level of 2-methylthioadenosine was decreased, while for inosine, it was increased 24 h after tumor resection in comparison to the preoperative state. The presented quantitative longitudinal study of urine nucleosides and deoxynucleosides before and up to 12 months after bladder tumor resection brings additional prospective insight into the metabolite excretion pattern in bladder cancer disease. Moreover, incurred sample reanalysis was performed proving the robustness and repeatability of the developed targeted method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Artymowicz
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Aleja Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Struck-Lewicka
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Aleja Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paweł Wiczling
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Aleja Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marcin Markuszewski
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Mariana Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Michał J Markuszewski
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Aleja Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Danuta Siluk
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Aleja Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland.
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Dhuguru J, Dellinger RW, Migaud ME. Defining NAD(P)(H) Catabolism. Nutrients 2023; 15:3064. [PMID: 37447389 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary vitamin B3 components, such as nicotinamide and nicotinic acid, are precursors to the ubiquitous redox cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). NAD+ levels are thought to decline with age and disease. While the drivers of this decline remain under intense investigation, strategies have emerged seeking to functionally maintain NAD+ levels through supplementation with NAD+ biosynthetic intermediates. These include marketed products, such as nicotinamide riboside (NR) and its phosphorylated form (NMN). More recent developments have shown that NRH (the reduced form of NR) and its phosphorylated form NMNH also increases NAD+ levels upon administration, although they initially generate NADH (the reduced form of NAD+). Other means to increase the combined levels of NAD+ and NADH, NAD(H), include the inhibition of NAD+-consuming enzymes or activation of biosynthetic pathways. Multiple studies have shown that supplementation with an NAD(H) precursor changes the profile of NAD(H) catabolism. Yet, the pharmacological significance of NAD(H) catabolites is rarely considered although the distribution and abundance of these catabolites differ depending on the NAD(H) precursor used, the species in which the study is conducted, and the tissues used for the quantification. Significantly, some of these metabolites have emerged as biomarkers in physiological disorders and might not be innocuous. Herein, we review the known and emerging catabolites of the NAD(H) metabolome and highlight their biochemical and physiological function as well as key chemical and biochemical reactions leading to their formation. Furthermore, we emphasize the need for analytical methods that inform on the full NAD(H) metabolome since the relative abundance of NAD(H) catabolites informs how NAD(H) precursors are used, recycled, and eliminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyothi Dhuguru
- Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | | | - Marie E Migaud
- Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
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Gątarek P, Kałużna-Czaplińska J. Effect of Supplementation on Levels of Homovanilic and Vanillylmandelic Acids in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12050423. [PMID: 35629927 PMCID: PMC9145809 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12050423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are characterized by numerous comorbidities, including various metabolic and nutritional abnormalities. In many children with ASD, problems with proper nutrition can often lead to inadequate nutrient intake and some disturbances in metabolic profiles, which subsequently correlate with impaired neurobehavioural function. The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the relationship between supplementation, levels of homovanillic acid (HVA) and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and the behaviour of children with ASD using quantitative urinary acid determination and questionnaires provided by parents/caregivers. The study was carried out on 129 children between 3 and 18 years of age. HVA and VMA were extracted and derivatized from urinary samples and simultaneously analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In addition, parents/caregivers of children with ASD were asked to complete questionnaires containing information about their diet and intake/non-intake of supplements. The application of the Mann–Whitney U test showed a statistically significant difference between the level of HVA and vitamin B supplementation (p = 1.64 × 10−2) and also omega-6 fatty acids supplementation and the levels of HVA (p = 1.50 × 10−3) and VMA (p = 2.50 × 10−3). In some children, a reduction in the severity of autistic symptoms (better response to own name or better reaction to change) was also observed. These results suggest that supplementation affects the levels of HVA and VMA and might also affect the children’s behaviour. Further research on these metabolites and the effects of supplementation on their levels, as well as the effects on the behaviour and physical symptoms among children with ASD is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Gątarek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Zeromskiego Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
- CONEM Poland Chemistry and Nutrition Research Group, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Kałużna-Czaplińska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 116 Zeromskiego Street, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
- CONEM Poland Chemistry and Nutrition Research Group, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-426313091; Fax: +48-426313128
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Abstract
Recently, metabolomics-the study of metabolite profiles within biological samples-has found a wide range of applications. This chapter describes the different techniques available for metabolomic analysis, the various samples that can be utilised for analysis and applications of both global and targeted metabolomic analysis to biomarker discovery in medicine.
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Patejko M, Struck-Lewicka W, Siluk D, Waszczuk-Jankowska M, Markuszewski MJ. Urinary Nucleosides and Deoxynucleosides. Adv Clin Chem 2018; 83:1-51. [PMID: 29304899 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Urinary nucleosides and deoxynucleosides are mainly known as metabolites of RNA turnover and oxidative damage of DNA. For several decades these metabolites have been examined for their potential use in disease states including cancer and oxidative stress. Subsequent improvements in analytical sensitivity and specificity have provided a reliable means to measure these unique molecules to better assess their relationship to physiologic and pathophysiologic conditions. In fact, some are currently used as antiviral and antitumor agents. In this review we provide insight into their molecular characteristics, highlight current separation techniques and detection methods, and explore potential clinical usefulness.
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Daghir-Wojtkowiak E, Wiczling P, Waszczuk-Jankowska M, Kaliszan R, Markuszewski MJ. Multilevel pharmacokinetics-driven modeling of metabolomics data. Metabolomics 2017; 13:31. [PMID: 28255294 PMCID: PMC5306155 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-017-1164-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multilevel modeling is a quantitative statistical method to investigate variability and relationships between variables of interest, taking into account population structure and dependencies. It can be used for prediction, data reduction and causal inference from experiments and observational studies allowing for more efficient elucidation of knowledge. OBJECTIVES In this study we introduced the concept of multilevel pharmacokinetics (PK)-driven modelling for large-sample, unbalanced and unadjusted metabolomics data comprising nucleoside and creatinine concentration measurements in urine of healthy and cancer patients. METHODS A Bayesian multilevel model was proposed to describe the nucleoside and creatinine concentration ratio considering age, sex and health status as covariates. The predictive performance of the proposed model was summarized via area under the ROC, sensitivity and specificity using external validation. RESULTS Cancer was associated with an increase in methylthioadenosine/creatinine excretion rate by a factor of 1.42 (1.09-2.03) which constituted the highest increase among all nucleosides. Age influenced nucleosides/creatinine excretion rates for all nucleosides in the same direction which was likely caused by a decrease in creatinine clearance with age. There was a small evidence of sex-related differences for methylthioadenosine. The individual a posteriori prediction of patient classification as area under the ROC with 5th and 95th percentile was 0.57(0.5-0.67) with sensitivity and specificity of 0.59(0.42-0.76) and 0.57(0.45-0.7), respectively suggesting limited usefulness of 13 nucleosides/creatinine urine concentration measurements in predicting disease in this population. CONCLUSION Bayesian multilevel pharmacokinetics-driven modeling in metabolomics may be useful in understanding the data and may constitute a new tool for searching towards potential candidates of disease indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Daghir-Wojtkowiak
- 0000 0001 0531 3426grid.11451.30Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paweł Wiczling
- 0000 0001 0531 3426grid.11451.30Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Waszczuk-Jankowska
- 0000 0001 0531 3426grid.11451.30Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Roman Kaliszan
- 0000 0001 0531 3426grid.11451.30Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Michał Jan Markuszewski
- 0000 0001 0531 3426grid.11451.30Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
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Dong LY, Zhou WZ, Ni JW, Xiang W, Hu WH, Yu C, Li HY. Identifying the optimal gene and gene set in hepatocellular carcinoma based on differential expression and differential co-expression algorithm. Oncol Rep 2016; 37:1066-1074. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Fan H, Chen P, Wang C, Wei Y. Zirconium-doped magnetic microspheres for the selective enrichment of cis-diol-containing ribonucleosides. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1448:20-31. [PMID: 27130580 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Zirconium-doped magnetic microspheres (Zr-Fe3O4) for the selective enrichment of cis-diol-containing biomolecules were easily synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method. Characterization of the microspheres revealed that zirconium was successfully doped into the lattice of Fe3O4 at a doping level of 4.0 at%. Zr-Fe3O4 possessed good magnetic properties and high specificity towards cis-diol molecules, as shown using 28 compounds. For ribonucleosides, the adsorbent not only has favorable anti-interferential abilities but also has a high adsorption capacity up to 159.4μmol/g. As an example of a real application, four ribonucleosides in urine were efficiently enriched and detected via magnetic solid-phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the detection limits were determined to be between 0.005 and 0.017μg/mL, and the linearities ranged from 0.02 to 5.00μg/mL (R≥0.996) for these analytes. The accuracy of the analytical method was examined by studying the relative recoveries of the analytes in real urine samples, with recoveries varying from 77.8% to 119.6% (RSDs<10.6%, n=6). The results indicate that Zr-Fe3O4 is a suitable adsorbent for the analysis of cis-diol-containing biomolecules in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Fan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Material Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Peihong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Material Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Chaozhan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Material Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Yinmao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Material Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China.
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Li S, Jin Y, Tang Z, Lin S, Liu H, Jiang Y, Cai Z. A novel method of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry combined with chemical derivatization for the determination of ribonucleosides in urine. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 864:30-8. [PMID: 25732424 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ribonucleosides are the end products of RNA metabolism. These metabolites, especially the modified ribonucleosides, have been extensively evaluated as cancer-related biomarkers. However, the determination of urinary ribonucleosides is still a challenge due to their low abundance, high polarity and serious matrix interferences in urine samples. In this study, a derivatization method based on a chemical reaction between ribonucleosides and acetone to form acetonides was developed for the determination of urinary ribonucleosides. The derivative products, acetonides, were detected by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The methodological evaluation was performed by quantifying four nucleosides for linear range, average recovery, precision, accuracy and stability. The validated procedures were applied to screen modified ribonucleosides in urine samples. Improvement of separation and enhancement of sensitivity were obtained in the analysis. To identify ribonucleosides, inexpensive isotope labeling acetone (acetone-d6) and label-free acetone were applied to form ordinary and deuterated acetonides, respectively. The two groups of samples were separated with orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS). The ordinary and deuterated pairs of acetonides were symmetrically distributed in the S-plot for easy and visual signal identification. After structural confirmation, a total of 56 ribonucleosides were detected, 52 of which were modified ribonucleosides. The application of derivatization, deuterium-labeling and multivariate statistical analysis offers a new option for selective detection of ribonucleosides in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangfu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Yibao Jin
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Zhi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Shuhai Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; Key Laboratory of Metabolomics at Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Yuyang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, PR China.
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Struck-Lewicka W, Kaliszan R, Markuszewski MJ. Analysis of urinary nucleosides as potential cancer markers determined using LC–MS technique. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 101:50-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Jiao X, Mo Y, Wu Y, He J, Zhang P, Hu R, Luo C, Du J, Fu J, Shi J, Zhou L, Li D. Upregulated plasma and urinary levels of nucleosides as biological markers in the diagnosis of primary gallbladder cancer. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:3033-44. [PMID: 25137411 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We first detected aberrant nucleoside levels in the plasma, urine, bile, and tissues from cases and controls to explore them as biomarkers in the diagnosis of gallbladder cancer. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography was used to assess the levels of ten nucleosides in these samples from gallbladder cancer patients, gallstone patients, and healthy controls. Plasma and urine samples were collected from patients with gallbladder cancer (n = 202), patients with gallstones (n = 203), and healthy controls (n = 205); bile and tissue samples were collected from 91 gallbladder cancer patients, 93 gallstone patients; and 90 were donated after cardiac death. Of the ten nucleosides analyzed, eight urinary nucleosides, five plasma nucleosides, three bile nucleosides, and one tissue nucleoside were significantly upregulated in the gallbladder cancer patients compared to control groups (p < 0.05). Among these upregulated nucleosides, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of urinary nucleosides in the diagnosis of gallbladder cancer patients were 89.4, 97.1, and 95.7%, respectively, those of plasma nucleosides were 91.2, 95.6, and 94.2%, respectively, those of bile nucleosides were 95.3, 96.4, and 95.1%, respectively, and those of tissue nucleosides were 86.2, 93.8, and 92.6%, respectively. These results suggest that nucleosides may be as useful as biological markers for gallbladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyuan Jiao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Armitage EG, Barbas C. Metabolomics in cancer biomarker discovery: current trends and future perspectives. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 87:1-11. [PMID: 24091079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most devastating human diseases that causes a vast number of mortalities worldwide each year. Cancer research is one of the largest fields in the life sciences and despite many astounding breakthroughs and contributions over the past few decades, there is still a considerable amount to unveil on the function of cancer. It is well known that cancer metabolism differs from that of normal tissue and an important hypothesis published in the 1950s by Otto Warburg proposed that cancer cells rely on anaerobic metabolism as the source for energy, even under physiological oxygen levels. Following this, cancer central carbon metabolism has been researched extensively and beyond respiration, cancer has been found to involve a wide range of metabolic processes, and many more are still to be unveiled. Studying cancer through metabolomics could reveal new biomarkers for cancer that could be useful for its future prognosis, diagnosis and therapy. Metabolomics is becoming an increasingly popular tool in the life sciences since it is a relatively fast and accurate technique that can be applied with either a particular focus or in a global manner to reveal new knowledge about biological systems. There have been many examples of its application to reveal potential biomarkers in different cancers that have employed a range of different analytical platforms. In this review, approaches in metabolomics that have been employed in cancer biomarker discovery are discussed and some of the most noteworthy research in the field is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily G Armitage
- Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Campus Monteprincipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain
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New supervised alignment method as a preprocessing tool for chromatographic data in metabolomic studies. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1256:150-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.07.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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