1
|
Bülbül B, Ding K, Zhan CG, Çiftçi G, Yelekçi K, Gürboğa M, Özakpınar ÖB, Aydemir E, Baybağ D, Şahin F, Kulabaş N, Helvacıoğlu S, Charehsaz M, Tatar E, Özbey S, Küçükgüzel İ. Novel 1,2,4-triazoles derived from Ibuprofen: synthesis and in vitro evaluation of their mPGES-1 inhibitory and antiproliferative activity. Mol Divers 2023; 27:2185-2215. [PMID: 36331786 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10551-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Some novel triazole-bearing ketone and oxime derivatives were synthesized from Ibuprofen. In vitro cytotoxic activities of all synthesized molecules against five cancer lines (human breast cancer MCF-7, human lung cancer A549, human prostate cancer PC-3, human cervix cancer HeLa, and human chronic myelogenous leukemia K562 cell lines) were evaluated by MTT assay. In addition, mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (NIH/3T3) were also evaluated to determine the selectivity. Compounds 18, 36, and 45 were found to be the most cytotoxic, and their IC50 values were in the range of 17.46-68.76 µM, against the tested cancer cells. According to the results, compounds 7 and 13 demonstrated good anti-inflammatory activity against the microsomal enzyme prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1) enzyme at IC50 values of 13.6 and 4.95 µM. The low cytotoxicity and non-mutagenity of these compounds were found interesting. Also, these compounds significantly prevented tube formation in angiogenesis studies. In conclusion, the anti-inflammatory and angiogenesis inhibitory activities of these compounds without toxicity suggested that they may be promising agents in anti-inflammatory treatment and they may be supportive agents for the cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bahadır Bülbül
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Düzce University, Konuralp, Düzce, Turkey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Dragos, Kartal, 34865, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kai Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Chang-Guo Zhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Gamze Çiftçi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kadir Has University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kemal Yelekçi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kadir Has University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Gürboğa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Haydarpaşa, 34668, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlem Bingöl Özakpınar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Haydarpaşa, 34668, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Aydemir
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Kayışdağı, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Biruni University, Zeytinburnu, 34010, Turkey
| | - Deniz Baybağ
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Kayışdağı, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Şahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Kayışdağı, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Necla Kulabaş
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Başıbüyük, 34854, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sinem Helvacıoğlu
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Ataşehir, 34750, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mohammad Charehsaz
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Ataşehir, 34750, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Tatar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Başıbüyük, 34854, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Süheyla Özbey
- Department of Physics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İlkay Küçükgüzel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Başıbüyük, 34854, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vass V, Szabó E, Bereczki I, Debreczeni N, Borbás A, Herczegh P, Tósaki Á. Reperfusion-induced injury and the effects of the dithioacetate type hydrogen sulfide donor ibuprofen derivative, BM-88, in isolated rat hearts. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 185:106449. [PMID: 37076051 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays an important role in cardiac protection by regulating various redox signalings associated with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced injury. The goal of the present investigations is the synthesis of a newly designed H2S-releasing ibuprofen derivative, BM-88, and its pharmacological characterization regarding the cardioprotective effects in isolated rat hearts. Cytotoxicity of BM-88 was also estimated in H9c2 cells. H2S-release was measured by an H2S sensor from the coronary perfusate. Increasing concentrations of BM-88 (1.0 to 20.0 µM) were tested in in vitro studies. Preadministration of 10 µM BM-88 significantly reduced the incidence of reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation (VF) from its drug-free control value of 92% to 12%. However, no clear dose dependent reduction in the incidence of reperfusion-induced VF was observed while different concentrations of BM-88 were used. It was also found that 10 µM BM-88 provided a substantial protection and significantly reduced the infarct size in the ischemic/reperfused myocardium. However, this cardiac protection was not reflected in any significant changes in coronary flow and heart rates. The results support the fact that H2S release plays an important role mitigating reperfusion-induced cardiac damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virág Vass
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; ELKH-DE Pharmamodul Research Team, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Erzsébet Szabó
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; ELKH-DE Pharmamodul Research Team, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Ilona Bereczki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; ELKH-DE Pharmamodul Research Team, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Nóra Debreczeni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Anikó Borbás
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Pál Herczegh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; ELKH-DE Pharmamodul Research Team, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Árpád Tósaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; ELKH-DE Pharmamodul Research Team, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mikhail DS, El-Nassan HB, Mahmoud ST, Fahim SH. Nonacidic thiophene-based derivatives as potential analgesic and design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and metabolic stability study. Drug Dev Res 2022; 83:1739-1757. [PMID: 36074734 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs represent one of the most popularly used classes of drugs. However, their long-term administration is associated with various side effects including gastrointestinal ulceration. One of the major reasons of NSAIDs ulcerogenicity is direct damage of the epithelial lining cells by the acidic moieties present in many drugs. Another drawback for this acidic group is its rapid metabolism and clearance through Phase II conjugation. Three series of thiophene and thienopyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesized as nonacidic anti-inflammatory agents. In vivo testing of their analgesic activity indicated that compounds 2b and 7a-d showed higher PI values than that of the positive control drugs, indomethacin and celecoxib. The latter compounds 2b and 7a-d were subjected to further anti-inflammatory activity testing where they showed comparable percentage edema inhibition to that of indomethacin and celecoxib. Compounds 2b, 7a, 7c, and 7d inhibited PGE2 synthesis by 61.10%-74.54% (71.47% for indomethacin, and 80.11% for celecoxib). The same compounds inhibited the expression of rat mPGES-1 and cPGES3 by 74%-83% (77% for indomethacin, and 82% for celecoxib) and 48%-70% (62% for indomethacin, and 70% for celecoxib), respectively. The stability of the most active compound 2b in Nonenzymatic gastrointestinal fluids and in human plasma was tested. Additionally, studying the metabolic stability of compound 2b in S9 rat liver fraction showed that it displayed a slow in vitro clearance with half-life time 1.5-fold longer than indomethacin. The metabolites of 2b were predicted via UPLC-MS/MS. In silico ADMET profiling study was also included.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Demiana S Mikhail
- Department, of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala B El-Nassan
- Department, of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sally T Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samar H Fahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mori NP, Parmar PK, Khedkar VM, Khunt RC. Synthesis of N-Methylene Linker Containing Phthalimide Bearing-1 H-1,2,3-Triazole by Click Chemistry Approach: Anticancer Activity in Human Cells. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2101487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Navneet P. Mori
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, India
| | - Priti K. Parmar
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, India
| | | | - Ranjan C. Khunt
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Daud S, Abid OUR, Sardar A, Abdullah S, Shahid W, Ashraf M, Ejaz SA, Saeed A, Shah BA, Niaz B. Exploring ibuprofen derivatives as α-glucosidase and lipoxygenase inhibitors: Cytotoxicity and in silico studies. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200013. [PMID: 35532320 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the synthesis of a series of ibuprofen derivatives, including thiosemicarbazides 4a-f, 1,3,4-oxadiazoles 5a-f, 1,3,4-thiadiazoles 6a-f, 1,2,4-triazoles 7a-f, and their S-alkylated derivatives 8a-d. All of the newly synthesized derivatives were analyzed using 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR spectroscopy, and high-resolution mass spectra (electron ionization) spectrometry. These synthetic molecules were examined for their in vitro baking yeast α-glucosidase and soybean 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) inhibition and cell viability studies. The results revealed that the compounds N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-[1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amine 5f (IC50 3.05 ± 1.23 µM) and N-(3-fluorophenyl)-5-[1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amine 5b (IC50 3.12 ± 1.21 µM) were the most potent with respect to the α-glucosidase enzyme while in case of 15-LOX, the compound 4-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-[2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propanoyl]thiosemicarbazide 4e showed potent inhibition with an IC50 value of 55.41 ± 0.41 µM. All these compounds were found least toxic by displaying a blood mononuclear cell viability value of 69.2%-97.8% by the MTT assay compared to the standards when assayed at 0.25 mM concentration. Molecular docking analyses were conducted to evaluate the inhibition profiles of these derivatives against the said enzymes and the data supported the in vitro profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saima Daud
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | | | - Asma Sardar
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Shawana Abdullah
- Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Wardah Shahid
- Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Abida Ejaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Amna Saeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Basit Ali Shah
- School of Material Science & Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Basit Niaz
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Schepetkin IA, Plotnikov MB, Khlebnikov AI, Plotnikova TM, Quinn MT. Oximes: Novel Therapeutics with Anticancer and Anti-Inflammatory Potential. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060777. [PMID: 34067242 PMCID: PMC8224626 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oximes have been studied for decades because of their significant roles as acetylcholinesterase reactivators. Over the last twenty years, a large number of oximes have been reported with useful pharmaceutical properties, including compounds with antibacterial, anticancer, anti-arthritis, and anti-stroke activities. Many oximes are kinase inhibitors and have been shown to inhibit over 40 different kinases, including AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK), serine/threonine kinases glycogen synthase kinase 3 α/β (GSK-3α/β), Aurora A, B-Raf, Chk1, death-associated protein-kinase-related 2 (DRAK2), phosphorylase kinase (PhK), serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase (SGK), Janus tyrosine kinase (JAK), and multiple receptor and non-receptor tyrosine kinases. Some oximes are inhibitors of lipoxygenase 5, human neutrophil elastase, and proteinase 3. The oxime group contains two H-bond acceptors (nitrogen and oxygen atoms) and one H-bond donor (OH group), versus only one H-bond acceptor present in carbonyl groups. This feature, together with the high polarity of oxime groups, may lead to a significantly different mode of interaction with receptor binding sites compared to corresponding carbonyl compounds, despite small changes in the total size and shape of the compound. In addition, oximes can generate nitric oxide. This review is focused on oximes as kinase inhibitors with anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Oximes with non-kinase targets or mechanisms of anti-inflammatory activity are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor A. Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA;
| | - Mark B. Plotnikov
- Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634028 Tomsk, Russia;
| | - Andrei I. Khlebnikov
- Kizhner Research Center, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia;
- Scientific Research Institute of Biological Medicine, Altai State University, 656049 Barnaul, Russia
| | - Tatiana M. Plotnikova
- Department of Pharmacology, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia;
| | - Mark T. Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-406-994-4707; Fax: +1-406-994-4303
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang K, Wang Y, Zhang H, Li X, Han W. A review of the synthesis of nitric oxide donor and donor derivatives with pharmacological activities. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:873-883. [PMID: 33845741 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210412161801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous nitric oxide (NO) is an important effector molecule and signal transduction molecule, which participates in the regulation of multiple functions in organisms, involving a variety of physiological and pathological processes, especially playing a very important role in the cardiovascular, immune, and nervous systems. NO is a gaseous substance with a short half-life in the body and is unstable in aqueous solutions. Therefore, many researchers focus on the release and activity of NO donors and their derivatives. However, NO donors can release free NO or NO analogues under physiological conditions to meet the human need. NO donors can be coupled with the corresponding active basic nucleus, so that they have the biological activity derived from both the basic nucleus and the NO donors, thus performing better bioactivity. This paper reviewed the routes of synthesis and advance activities of NO donor derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin,150081. China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin,150081. China
| | - Hualin Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin,150081. China
| | - Xintong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin,150081. China
| | - Weina Han
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin,150081. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gyöngyösi A, Verner V, Bereczki I, Kiss-Szikszai A, Zilinyi R, Tósaki Á, Bak I, Borbás A, Herczegh P, Lekli I. Basic Pharmacological Characterization of EV-34, a New H 2S-Releasing Ibuprofen Derivative. Molecules 2021; 26:599. [PMID: 33498831 PMCID: PMC7865354 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardioprotective effects of H2S are being suggested by numerous studies. Furthermore, H2S plays a role in relaxation of vascular smooth muscle, protects against oxidative stress, and modulates inflammation. Long-term high-dose use of NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen, have been associated with enhanced cardiovascular risk. The goal of the present work is the synthesis and basic pharmacological characterization of a newly designed H2S-releasing ibuprofen derivative. METHODS Following the synthesis of EV-34, a new H2S-releasing derivative of ibuprofen, oxidative stability assays were performed (Fenton and porphyrin assays). Furthermore, stability of the molecule was studied in rat serum and liver lysates. H2S-releasing ability of the EC-34 was studied with a hydrogen sulfide sensor. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol 2-yl)-2,5-(diphenyltetrazolium bromide)) assay was carried out to monitor the possible cytotoxic effect of the compound. Cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitory property of EV-34 was also evaluated. Carrageenan assay was carried out to compare the anti-inflammatory effect of EV-34 to ibuprofen in rat paws. RESULTS The results revealed that the molecule is stable under oxidative condition of Fenton reaction. However, EV-34 undergoes biodegradation in rat serum and liver lysates. In cell culture medium H2S is being released from EV-34. No cytotoxic effect was observed at concentrations of 10, 100, 500 µM. The COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory effects of the molecule are comparable to those of ibuprofen. Furthermore, based on the carrageenan assay, EV-34 exhibits the same anti-inflammatory effect to that of equimolar amount of ibuprofen (100 mg/bwkg). CONCLUSION The results indicate that EV-34 is a safe H2S releasing ibuprofen derivative bearing anti-inflammatory properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Gyöngyösi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.G.); (V.V.); (R.Z.); (Á.T.)
| | - Vivien Verner
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.G.); (V.V.); (R.Z.); (Á.T.)
| | - Ilona Bereczki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (I.B.); (A.B.); (P.H.)
| | - Attila Kiss-Szikszai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Rita Zilinyi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.G.); (V.V.); (R.Z.); (Á.T.)
| | - Árpád Tósaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.G.); (V.V.); (R.Z.); (Á.T.)
| | - István Bak
- Department of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Anikó Borbás
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (I.B.); (A.B.); (P.H.)
| | - Pál Herczegh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (I.B.); (A.B.); (P.H.)
| | - István Lekli
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.G.); (V.V.); (R.Z.); (Á.T.)
| |
Collapse
|